matlab中solver函数_MATLAB solve函数用法

本文详细介绍了MATLAB中的`solve`函数用法,包括求解单变量、多变量方程,方程组,不等式,以及考虑参数和条件的解。提供了多个示例展示如何使用`solve`函数,如求解单变量方程、多变量方程组,处理参数和约束条件,以及数值解和实数解的情况。
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简单来说,solve函数可以进行以下情况的求解:

(1)等式:单/多变量+线性/非线性 ;(2)不等式

(是MATLAB doc solve的全部翻译,将常用部分标注彩色)

(唉,以后绝不这样干了)

语法

S = solve(eqn,var)example

S = solve(eqn,var,Name,Value)example

Y = solve(eqns,vars)

Y = solve(eqns,vars,Name,Value)example

[y1,...,yN] = solve(eqns,vars)example

[y1,...,yN] = solve(eqns,vars,Name,Value)

[y1,...,yN,parameters,conditions] = solve(eqns,vars,'ReturnConditions',true)example

Description

一些函数

vpa 设置数值的精度(有效数字位数、保留的小数点位数)

subs 符号替换(用数字来替换符号变量)

ezplot 简单地画出函数的图形/曲线(显函数fun(x)、隐函数fun2(x,y)=0)

isAlways 一个判断函数(返回logical 1,表示true)

pretty 漂亮地打印符号表达式(看起来是有分子分母的格式)

举例

1.%% 求解单变量方程

%-----例子1------

syms x

eqn=sin(x)==1;

solve(eqn,x)

%-----例子2------

syms x

eqn=sin(x)==1;

[solx,params,conds]=solve(eqn,x,'ReturnConditions',true)

%-----例子3---------------

%如果返回empty,则表明解不存在。如果返回empty+warning,则解可能存在,但是solve找不到

syms x

solve(3*x+2,3*x+1,x)

2.%% 求解多变量方程

%---例1-----------------

%为了避免求解方程时对符号参数产生混乱,需要指明一个等式中需要求解的变

“l1_ls”函数是一个MATLAB程序包,用于求解一般L1最小化问题,其代码如下: ```matlab function [x,status,history] = l1_ls(A, b, lambda, tol) % l1_ls: Solve L1-regularized least squares problem % [x,status,history] = l1_ls(A, b, lambda, tol) % % Solves the problem % minimize || A*x - b ||_2^2 + lambda * || x ||_1 % % by converting it to a linearly-constrained problem and calling l1-Homotopy. % The solution is returned in the vector x. % % The "status" output gives the status of the solver: % status = 0: the solution is known to be exact. % status = 1: the solution is known to be accurate to within the given % tolerance tol. % status = 2: the solution is accurate to within a certain tolerance, % but the algorithm did not converge. % status = 3: the algorithm did not converge and did not find a solution. % % The "history" output is a structure containing the following fields: % iter: the iteration number % obj: the objective function value at each iteration % gap: the duality gap at each iteration % time: the time elapsed at each iteration % % Example usage: % n = 1000; p = 200; % A = randn(p,n); x0 = sprandn(n,1,0.1); b = A*x0 + 0.01*randn(p,1); % lambda = 0.1; % [x,status,history] = l1_ls(A, b, lambda); % % Written by: Justin Romberg, Caltech % Email: jrom@acm.caltech.edu % Created: February 2007 t0 = tic; % Set solver options opts.tol = tol; opts.maxiter = 1000; opts.x0 = []; opts.print = 0; opts.update = 10; opts.stopcond = 3; % Call l1-Homotopy solver [x,status,history] = l1_homotopy(A, b, lambda, opts); % Add elapsed time to history history.time = toc(t0); ``` 这个函数的输入包括:矩阵A和向量b(表示L1最小化问题),正则化参数lambda,以及收敛容差tol。输出包括:解向量x、状态status和历史记录history。这个函数会调用另一个MATLAB函数“l1_homotopy”,来求解L1最小化问题。
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