python曲线有颜色范围_在matplotlib中可以得到曲线下的颜色梯度吗？

请注意，Joe Kington在这里应该得到大部分的功劳；我的唯一贡献是zfunc。

他的方法为许多渐变/模糊/阴影打开了大门

影响。例如，要使线条的底面均匀模糊，请

可以使用PIL来构建一个alpha层，该层靠近直线1，靠近底边0。import numpy as np

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

import matplotlib.colors as mcolors

import matplotlib.patches as patches

from PIL import Image

from PIL import ImageDraw

from PIL import ImageFilter

np.random.seed(1977)

def demo_blur_underside():

for _ in range(5):

# gradient_fill(*generate_data(100), zfunc=None) # original

gradient_fill(*generate_data(100), zfunc=zfunc)

plt.show()

def generate_data(num):

x = np.linspace(0, 100, num)

y = np.random.normal(0, 1, num).cumsum()

return x, y

def zfunc(x, y, fill_color='k', alpha=1.0):

scale = 10

x = (x*scale).astype(int)

y = (y*scale).astype(int)

xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax = x.min(), x.max(), y.min(), y.max()

w, h = xmax-xmin, ymax-ymin

z = np.empty((h, w, 4), dtype=float)

rgb = mcolors.colorConverter.to_rgb(fill_color)

z[:,:,:3] = rgb

# Build a z-alpha array which is 1 near the line and 0 at the bottom.

img = Image.new('L', (w, h), 0)

draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img)

xy = (np.column_stack([x, y]))

xy -= xmin, ymin

# Draw a blurred line using PIL

draw.line(map(tuple, xy.tolist()), fill=255, width=15)

img = img.filter(ImageFilter.GaussianBlur(radius=100))

# Convert the PIL image to an array

zalpha = np.asarray(img).astype(float)

zalpha *= alpha/zalpha.max()

# make the alphas melt to zero at the bottom

n = zalpha.shape[0] // 4

zalpha[:n] *= np.linspace(0, 1, n)[:, None]

z[:,:,-1] = zalpha

return z

def gradient_fill(x, y, fill_color=None, ax=None, zfunc=None, **kwargs):

if ax is None:

ax = plt.gca()

line, = ax.plot(x, y, **kwargs)

if fill_color is None:

fill_color = line.get_color()

zorder = line.get_zorder()

alpha = line.get_alpha()

alpha = 1.0 if alpha is None else alpha

if zfunc is None:

h, w = 100, 1

z = np.empty((h, w, 4), dtype=float)

rgb = mcolors.colorConverter.to_rgb(fill_color)

z[:,:,:3] = rgb

z[:,:,-1] = np.linspace(0, alpha, h)[:,None]

else:

z = zfunc(x, y, fill_color=fill_color, alpha=alpha)

xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax = x.min(), x.max(), y.min(), y.max()

im = ax.imshow(z, aspect='auto', extent=[xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax],

origin='lower', zorder=zorder)

xy = np.column_stack([x, y])

xy = np.vstack([[xmin, ymin], xy, [xmax, ymin], [xmin, ymin]])

clip_path = patches.Polygon(xy, facecolor='none', edgecolor='none', closed=True)

ax.add_patch(clip_path)

im.set_clip_path(clip_path)

ax.autoscale(True)

return line, im

demo_blur_underside()

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