python字符串解析_python字符串格式化方式解析

1.%格式符

name = '李四'

age = 18

a = "姓名:%s,年龄:%s"%(name,age)

print(a) #姓名:李四,年龄:18

​

b = "%(name)s,%(age)s"%{'name':'张三','age':18}

print(b) #张三,18

这种格式化并不是很好，因为它很冗长并且容易导致错误，比如没有正确显示元组或字典

2.str.format()

name = '李四'

age = 18

# 替换字段用大括号进行标记

a1 = "hello, {}. you are {}?".format(name,age)

print(a1) #hello, 李四. you are 18?

​

# 通过索引来以其他顺序引用变量

a2 = "hello, {1}. you are {0}?".format(age,name)

print(a2) #hello, 李四. you are 18?

​

# 通过参数来以其他顺序引用变量

a3 = "hello, {name}. you are {age1}?".format(age1=age,name=name)

print(a3) #hello, 李四. you are 18?

​

# 从字典中读取数据时还可以使用 **

data = {"name":"张三","age":18}

a4 = "hello, {name}. you are {age}?".format(**data)

print(a4) #hello, 李四. you are 18?

在处理多个参数和更长的字符串时仍然可能非常冗长

3.f-Strings

f-strings 是指以 f 或 F 开头的字符串，其中以 {} 包含的表达式会进行值替换。

name = '李四'

age = 18

# F 和 f 的简单使用

b1 = f"hello, {name}. you are {age}?"

b2 = F"hello, {name}. you are {age}?"

print(b1) # hello, 李四. you are 18?

print(b2) # hello, 李四. you are 18?

# 字典也可以

teacher = {'name': 'meet', 'age': 18}

msg = f"The teacher is {teacher['name']}, aged {teacher['age']}"

print(msg) # The comedian is meet, aged 18

# 列表也行

l1 = ['meet', 18]

msg = f'姓名：{l1[0]},年龄：{l1[1]}.'

print(msg) # 姓名：meet,年龄：18.

#可以插入表达式

def sum_a_b(a,b):

return a + b

a = 1

b = 2

print('求和的结果为' + f'{sum_a_b(a,b)}')

#多行f 反斜杠

name = 'barry'

age = 18

ajd = 'handsome'

speaker = f'Hi {name}.'\

f'You are {age} years old.'\

f'You are a {ajd} guy!'

print(speaker) #Hi barry.You are 18 years old.You are a handsome guy!

print(f"{You are very \"handsome\"}") #报错

#括号的处理 -->重点：两对为一组

print(f"{{73}}") # {73}

print(f"{{{73}}}") # {73}

print(f"{{{{73}}}}") # {{73}}

m = 21

# ! , : { } ;这些标点不能出现在{} 这里面。

# print(f'{;12}') # 报错

# 所以使用lambda 表达式会出现一些问题。

# 解决方式：可将lambda嵌套在圆括号里面解决此问题。

x = 5

print(f'{(lambda x: x*2) (x)}') # 10

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