数学分析闭区间套定理_闭区间套定理证明

2.The principle of nested intervals

1.The definition of Nested Intervals:

The set of intervals

which has the following properties:

1.)

2.)

is called the system of nested intervals.

2.The principle of nested intervals:

Suppose

is a set of intervals that satisfies the properties above.

i.e.

Then The principle of nested intervals can be written as following forms:

1.)For a system of nested intervals

The sequence

have the following property:

.

Clearly, sequence

is monotone increasing and every element of sequence

is his upper bound. Sequence

is monotone decreasing and every element of

is his lower bound.

By the monotone convergence theorem,

and

are converge.

By the definition of nested intervals, we have:

.

Therefore

Suppose

Hence,

2.)Then let's prove the uniqueness of

.

Suppose there is a real number such that

. We want to prove

.

Since

Therefore

.

Due to

,

we can deduce that