python牛顿法解非线性方程组_不动点法和牛顿法求解非线性方程的数值解（Python）...

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

"""Created on Tue Jun 30 17:01:54 2020@author: 120701101@Email: 18********30@163.com"""

# 导入相关计算库

import numpy as np

import matplotlib

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 设置LaTex字体样式

from matplotlib import rcParams

config = {

"font.family":'serif',

"font.size": 25,

"mathtext.fontset":'stix',

"font.serif": ['SimSun'],

}

rcParams.update(config)

# --------------------------------fixedPoint

def fixedPoint(g, x1, stepmax, tol):

## g是由y=y(x)转化来的

x = np.zeros(stepmax)

x[1] = x1

for n in range(1, stepmax+1):

x[n+1] = g(x[n])

if abs(x[n+1] - x[n]) < tol: return x[n+1]

# 求解过程

g = lambda x: 2 ** (-x)

x_real = fixedPoint(g, 0, stepmax = 25, tol = 1.0e-6)

print("x_real = ", "{:7.6f}".format(x_real))

# 绘制结果

plt.figure(figsize=(10,5), dpi=300)

x = np.linspace(0, 1.6, 500)

plt.plot(x,g(x), '-k', linewidth=2, label=r"$g = 2^{-x}$")

plt.plot([x[-1], x[0]], [x[-1], x[0]], linestyle="-.", color="grey")

plt.plot(x_real, g(x_real), 'o-r', markersize=15, label=r"$(0, g(0))$")

plt.xlabel(r"$x$")

plt.ylabel(r"$y(x)$")

plt.title("不动点法求解非线性函数的根", fontsize=20)

plt.xlim((0, 1.6))

plt.xticks(np.arange(0, 1.7, 0.2))

plt.legend()

plt.grid(True, linestyle='-.')

plt.annotate("这是" + r"$x=2^{-x}$" + "的解", xy=(x_real, g(x_real)),

xytext=(x_real-0.1, g(x_real)+0.35),

arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle="->",connectionstyle="arc3,rad=.2"))

plt.show()