简短矢量化(快速)回答:
使用scikit成对距离中的“hamming”学习:from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import pairwise_distances
jac_sim = 1 - pairwise_distances(df.T, metric = "hamming")
# optionally convert it to a DataFrame
jac_sim = pd.DataFrame(jac_sim, index=df.columns, columns=df.columns)
说明:
假设这是您的数据集:import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
np.random.seed(0)
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.binomial(1, 0.5, size=(100, 5)), columns=list('ABCDE'))
print(df.head())
A B C D E
0 1 1 1 1 0
1 1 0 1 1 0
2 1 1 1 1 0
3 0 0 1 1 1
4 1 1 0 1 0
使用sklearn的jaccard_similarity_分数,A列和B列之间的相似度为:from sklearn.metrics import jaccard_similarity_score
print(jaccard_similarity_score(df['A'], df['B']))
0.43
这是在总行数100上具有相同值的行数。
据我所知,没有成对版本的雅卡相似性评分,但有成对版本的距离。Given two vectors, u and v, the Jaccard distance is the proportion of those elements u[i] and v[i] that disagree where at least one of them is non-zero.
所以它排除了两列都有0个值的行。jaccard_similarity_score没有。另一方面,Hamming distance与相似性定义是一致的:The proportion of those vector elements between two n-vectors u and v
which disagree.
因此,如果你想计算jaccard_similarity_分数,你可以使用1-hamming:from sklearn.metrics.pairwise import pairwise_distances
print(1 - pairwise_distances(df.T, metric = "hamming"))
array([[ 1. , 0.43, 0.61, 0.55, 0.46],
[ 0.43, 1. , 0.52, 0.56, 0.49],
[ 0.61, 0.52, 1. , 0.48, 0.53],
[ 0.55, 0.56, 0.48, 1. , 0.49],
[ 0.46, 0.49, 0.53, 0.49, 1. ]])
数据帧格式:jac_sim = 1 - pairwise_distances(df.T, metric = "hamming")
jac_sim = pd.DataFrame(jac_sim, index=df.columns, columns=df.columns)
# jac_sim = np.triu(jac_sim) to set the lower diagonal to zero
# jac_sim = np.tril(jac_sim) to set the upper diagonal to zero
A B C D E
A 1.00 0.43 0.61 0.55 0.46
B 0.43 1.00 0.52 0.56 0.49
C 0.61 0.52 1.00 0.48 0.53
D 0.55 0.56 0.48 1.00 0.49
E 0.46 0.49 0.53 0.49 1.00
您可以通过在列的组合上迭代来执行相同的操作,但速度会慢得多。import itertools
sim_df = pd.DataFrame(np.ones((5, 5)), index=df.columns, columns=df.columns)
for col_pair in itertools.combinations(df.columns, 2):
sim_df.loc[col_pair] = sim_df.loc[tuple(reversed(col_pair))] = jaccard_similarity_score(df[col_pair[0]], df[col_pair[1]])
print(sim_df)
A B C D E
A 1.00 0.43 0.61 0.55 0.46
B 0.43 1.00 0.52 0.56 0.49
C 0.61 0.52 1.00 0.48 0.53
D 0.55 0.56 0.48 1.00 0.49
E 0.46 0.49 0.53 0.49 1.00