python快速开发平台游戏_通过游戏学Python系列之小兔要上天---手把手教你使用Pygame开发平台跳跃类游戏04之跳跃...

本节最终效果：

image

向上弹跳其实很简单，按下空格触发时，只要把y轴速度给一个向上的速度即可。

调用该方法，会使方块具有向上20px的速度，然后由于重力依然在起作用，所以二者结合，就会形成向上弹跳的效果。

main.py

sprites.py新增jump方法。

def jump(self):

# jump only if standing on a platform

self.rect.x += 1

hits = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.platforms, False)

self.rect.x -= 1

if hits:

self.vel.y = -20

上面冲突检测的代码是保证只有站在挡板上才可以起跳，否则可以在空中连跳。

多加一些挡板

settings.py

main.py的new方法修改如下：

image.png

一个遗留问题

运行程序，发现一个问题：向上跳时，如果上方有档板，永远不可能跳过档板，只要一接近档板，就自动吸附上去了。

是因为main.py中，一直在检测碰撞，向上跳的过程中，如果头顶有档板，一碰到档板，代码逻辑就强制把方块固定在档板上了(即：认为方块落在档板上了)。改进方法：仅在下降过程中，才做碰撞检测，update方法修改如下：

image.png

相比之前，加了一个碰撞检测判断，如果不加这个条件，就会出现以下现象：

其他一些小改动

image.png

完整代码：

settings.py

# game options/settings

TITLE = "Jumpy!"

WIDTH = 480

HEIGHT = 600

FPS = 60

# Player properties

PLAYER_ACC = 0.5

PLAYER_FRICTION = -0.12

PLAYER_GRAV = 0.8

# Starting platforms

PLATFORM_LIST = [(0, HEIGHT - 40, WIDTH, 40),

(WIDTH / 2 - 50, HEIGHT * 3 / 4, 100, 20),

(125, HEIGHT - 350, 100, 20),

(350, 200, 100, 20),

(175, 100, 50, 20)]

# define colors

WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

BLACK = (0, 0, 0)

RED = (255, 0, 0)

GREEN = (0, 255, 0)

BLUE = (0, 0, 255)

YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)

LIGHTBLUE = (0, 155, 155)

main.py

import pygame as pg

import random

from settings import *

from sprites import *

class Game:

def __init__(self):

# initialize game window, etc

pg.init()

pg.mixer.init()

self.screen = pg.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))

pg.display.set_caption(TITLE)

self.clock = pg.time.Clock()

self.running = True

def new(self):

# start a new game

self.all_sprites = pg.sprite.Group()

self.platforms = pg.sprite.Group()

self.player = Player(self)

self.all_sprites.add(self.player)

for plat in PLATFORM_LIST:

p = Platform(*plat)

self.all_sprites.add(p)

self.platforms.add(p)

self.run()

def run(self):

# Game Loop

self.playing = True

while self.playing:

self.clock.tick(FPS)

self.events()

self.update()

self.draw()

def update(self):

# Game Loop - Update

self.all_sprites.update()

# check if player hits a platform - only if falling

# if self.player.vel.y > 0:

hits = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self.player, self.platforms, False)

if hits:

self.player.pos.y = hits[0].rect.top

self.player.vel.y = 0

def events(self):

# Game Loop - events

for event in pg.event.get():

# check for closing window

if event.type == pg.QUIT:

if self.playing:

self.playing = False

self.running = False

if event.type == pg.KEYDOWN:

if event.key == pg.K_SPACE:

self.player.jump()

def draw(self):

# Game Loop - draw

self.screen.fill(BLACK)

self.all_sprites.draw(self.screen)

# *after* drawing everything, flip the display

pg.display.flip()

def show_start_screen(self):

# game splash/start screen

pass

def show_go_screen(self):

# game over/continue

pass

g = Game()

g.show_start_screen()

while g.running:

g.new()

g.show_go_screen()

pg.quit()

sprites.py

# Sprite classes for platform game

import pygame as pg

from settings import *

vec = pg.math.Vector2

class Player(pg.sprite.Sprite):

def __init__(self, game):

pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

self.game = game

self.image = pg.Surface((30, 40))

self.image.fill(YELLOW)

self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

self.rect.center = (WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT / 2)

self.pos = vec(WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT / 2)

self.vel = vec(0, 0)

self.acc = vec(0, 0)

def jump(self):

# jump only if standing on a platform

self.rect.x += 1

hits = pg.sprite.spritecollide(self, self.game.platforms, False)

self.rect.x -= 1

if hits:

self.vel.y = -20

def update(self):

self.acc = vec(0, PLAYER_GRAV)

keys = pg.key.get_pressed()

if keys[pg.K_LEFT]:

self.acc.x = -PLAYER_ACC

if keys[pg.K_RIGHT]:

self.acc.x = PLAYER_ACC

# apply friction

self.acc.x += self.vel.x * PLAYER_FRICTION

# equations of motion

self.vel += self.acc

self.pos += self.vel + 0.5 * self.acc

# wrap around the sides of the screen

if self.pos.x > WIDTH:

self.pos.x = 0

if self.pos.x < 0:

self.pos.x = WIDTH

self.rect.midbottom = self.pos

class Platform(pg.sprite.Sprite):

def __init__(self, x, y, w, h):

pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)

self.image = pg.Surface((w, h))

self.image.fill(GREEN)

self.rect = self.image.get_rect()

self.rect.x = x

self.rect.y = y