ubuntu、树莓派使用笔记

目录

1.截图方法：

2.无法获得锁 /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: 资源暂时不可用)

3.gzip: stdout: No space left on device

4.开机自动运行某个程序

5.树莓派切换显示设备

6.raspistill命令参数

7.OpenCV error while loading shared libraries: libopencv_core.so.2.4

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1.截图方法：

截图方法：系统和设置->键盘->快捷键->截图。可以看到截图的快捷键，对选区截图用Shift+PrintScreen组合。也可自己设置。

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2.无法获得锁 /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: 资源暂时不可用)

E: 无法获得锁 /var/lib/dpkg/lock - open (11: 资源暂时不可用)
E: 无法锁定管理目录(/var/lib/dpkg/)，是否有其他进程正占用它？

这里采用的是直接消灭占用进程

命令为：

sudo rm /var/cache/apt/archives/lock
sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/lock

之后便正常

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3.gzip: stdout: No space left on device

这是因为/boot空间不足，查阅资料，一个可行的方法时删除多余的内核

df -h （查看Ubuntu的文件系统 使用情况）

uname -a (查看当前使用的内核版本)

sudo apt-get remove linux-image- （按两次tab键）

sudo apt-get remove linux-image-xxxx (删除多余内核)

具体步骤可见https://blog.csdn.net/WxyangID/article/details/53097208

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4.开机自动运行某个程序

https://blog.csdn.net/la9998372/article/details/77886758

进入当前用户HOME目录下的.config/autostart目录，生成一个*.desktop文件（比如：xxx.desktop），命令如下:

sudo nano ~/.config/autostart/xxx.desktop

输入以下文件内容:

[Desktop Entry]
Type=Application
Exec=python /home/pi/myscript.py

最后一句Exec的值就是要启动的程序名（最好是全路径的可执行文件名），此处是运行一个Python脚本。保存退出，重启机器，脚本就会在进入窗口系统自动运行了。

原理：startx后，LXDE窗口管理器会找到~/.config/autostart目录下的所有 .desktop文件，一一执行。

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5.树莓派切换显示设备

（1）小显示器时：如7寸LCD屏幕

——对于 7inch HDMI LCD (B)(800 x 480)，代码为：
max_usb_current=1
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=1
hdmi_mode=87
hdmi_cvt 800 480 60 6 0 0 0
——对于 7inch HDMI LCD (C)(1024 x 600)，代码为：
max_usb_current=1
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=1
hdmi_mode=87
hdmi_cvt 1024 600 60 6 0 0 0

（2）大显示器，如电脑显示屏

此时不能全屏，有黑边，需要将改变hdmi_mode=82，并将上面的hdmi_cvt 1024 600 60 6 0 0 0注释掉，即

max_usb_current=1
hdmi_group=2
hdmi_mode=1
#hdmi_mode=87

hdmi_mode=82
#hdmi_cvt 1024 600 60 6 0 0 0

https://blog.csdn.net/FishChina/article/details/54564395

DMT下的模式与分辨率

hdmi_mode	resolution	frequency	notes
1	640x350	85Hz
2	640x400	85Hz
3	720x400	85Hz
4	640x480	60Hz
5	640x480	72Hz
6	640x480	75Hz
7	640x480	85Hz
8	800x600	56Hz
9	800x600	60Hz
10	800x600	72Hz
11	800x600	75Hz
12	800x600	85Hz
13	800x600	120Hz
14	848x480	60Hz
15	1024x768	43Hz	incompatible with the Raspberry Pi
16	1024x768	60Hz
17	1024x768	70Hz
18	1024x768	75Hz
19	1024x768	85Hz
20	1024x768	120Hz
21	1152x864	75Hz
22	1280x768		reduced blanking
23	1280x768	60Hz
24	1280x768	75Hz
25	1280x768	85Hz
26	1280x768	120Hz	reduced blanking
27	1280x800		reduced blanking
28	1280x800	60Hz
29	1280x800	75Hz
30	1280x800	85Hz
31	1280x800	120Hz	reduced blanking
32	1280x960	60Hz
33	1280x960	85Hz
34	1280x960	120Hz	reduced blanking
35	1280x1024	60Hz
36	1280x1024	75Hz
37	1280x1024	85Hz
38	1280x1024	120Hz	reduced blanking
39	1360x768	60Hz
40	1360x768	120Hz	reduced blanking
41	1400x1050		reduced blanking
42	1400x1050	60Hz
43	1400x1050	75Hz
44	1400x1050	85Hz
45	1400x1050	120Hz	reduced blanking
46	1440x900		reduced blanking
47	1440x900	60Hz
48	1440x900	75Hz
49	1440x900	85Hz
50	1440x900	120Hz	reduced blanking
51	1600x1200	60Hz
52	1600x1200	65Hz
53	1600x1200	70Hz
54	1600x1200	75Hz
55	1600x1200	85Hz
56	1600x1200	120Hz	reduced blanking
57	1680x1050		reduced blanking
58	1680x1050	60Hz
59	1680x1050	75Hz
60	1680x1050	85Hz
61	1680x1050	120Hz	reduced blanking
62	1792x1344	60Hz
63	1792x1344	75Hz
64	1792x1344	120Hz	reduced blanking
65	1856x1392	60Hz
66	1856x1392	75Hz
67	1856x1392	120Hz	reduced blanking
68	1920x1200		reduced blanking
69	1920x1200	60Hz
70	1920x1200	75Hz
71	1920x1200	85Hz
72	1920x1200	120Hz	reduced blanking
73	1920x1440	60Hz
74	1920x1440	75Hz
75	1920x1440	120Hz	reduced blanking
76	2560x1600		reduced blanking
77	2560x1600	60Hz
78	2560x1600	75Hz
79	2560x1600	85Hz
80	2560x1600	120Hz	reduced blanking
81	1366x768	60Hz
82	1920x1080	60Hz	1080p
83	1600x900		reduced blanking
84	2048x1152		reduced blanking
85	1280x720	60Hz	720p
86	1366x768		reduced blanking

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6.raspistill命令参数

摄像头官方使用文档

https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/raspbian/applications/camera.md

博客

https://www.cnblogs.com/jikexianfeng/p/7130843.html

文档

https://www.raspberrypi.org/app/uploads/2013/07/RaspiCam-Documentation.pdf

7.OpenCV error while loading shared libraries: libopencv_core.so.2.4:

在ubuntu下编译opencv程序后，执行报下面到错误：
error while loading shared libraries: libopencv_core.so.2.4: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
解决方法：找到libopencv_开头到库的目录，在/usr/local/lib下面，在/etc/ld.so.conf.d/下面新建一个opencv.conf，里面写入/usr/local/lib，最后执行下sudo ldconfig -v即可。

opencv安装教程https://blog.csdn.net/hitwengqi/article/details/7292102

https://blog.csdn.net/lien0906/article/details/44807463