processing实现动态和交互－屁民科普

于 2018-11-24 18:43:25 发布
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processing实现动态和交互－屁民科普

先来说说手绘和码绘的区别
手绘作品：很久之前画的了（我大索隆
在这里插入图片描述

手绘与码绘技法的比较

手绘：先绘制出大体的轮廓草稿，然后再细致的绘制，如果在绘画的时候
码绘：随时可以删改，并且非常方便，颜色可随意调配
如果是手绘还是在纸上画的，想要修改颜色可不是那么容易，可能上错了颜色，整个作品就会白做了。忽然想到学建筑的同学给工图描边

编程实现

一开始看了很多的例子，寻找灵感，做了几个小尝试
（因为博主不太会搞动态图，所以这些交互的部分，没有办法看动图233，所以就贴了个图，有点丑陋，想看效果的可以把代码复制，自己运行看看）

尝试1

实现小球围绕鼠标旋转，鼠标点击后，会消失，但实际上我不想做这种效果，还没有改进。因为里面的小球在高速旋转，所以截图太丑了555
在这里插入图片描述
还有拖尾的效果，主要的函数是这个
v[i].lerp(mouseX+cos(theta[i])*(rnew[i]),mouseY+sin(theta[i])*(rnew[i]),0,easing[i]);

/*realize circle orbit*/
//10 circles orbit around the center
//(mouseX,mouseY)is center  circles radius different
int num=300;//the number of the circles
int max_r=110;//max orbit radius 
int orbit_range=round(random(50,60));//set orbit range
PVector v[]=new PVector[num];//circles' pos
float n[]=new float[num];//circles 
float theta[]=new float[num];//rotate angle
float rnew[]=new float[num];//a new circle's orbit radius
float r[]=new float[num];//a circle's radius
float theta_gap[]=new float[num];//set a circle's orbit theta
float easing[]=new float[num];
color c[]=new color[num];//each circle's color
boolean mouse_tag=true;//if key pressed tag=false
void setup()
{
//  colorMode(HSB,180,100,255);
  size(600,600);//set a canvan
  for (int i=1;i<=num-1;i++)
  {
    //r[i]=random(1,5);//set circles' radius
    c[i]=color(random(100,200),255,random(180,255));//set color random
    rnew[i]=round(i/100)*(orbit_range/(round(num/100)-1))+(max_r-orbit_range);//one orbit has num/10 circles 
    theta[i]=random(360)*PI/180;//set original circle's theta
    theta_gap[i]=random(72/PI);// set translate theta
   // v[i] = new PVector(mouseX+cos(theta[i])*rnew[i],mouseY+sin(theta[i])*rnew[i]);//set a circle's pos
    v[i] = new PVector(mouseX+cos(theta[i])*rnew[i],mouseY+sin(theta[i])*rnew[i]);//set a circle's pos
    easing[i]=random(0.015,0.7);
    //easing[i]=random(0.02,0.3);
  }
  frameRate(60);
  smooth();
}
void draw()
{
  fill(0,0,0);
  rect(0,0,width,height);
 // pushMatrix();
  noStroke();
  
  if(mouse_tag)
  {
    
    for (int i=1; i<=num-1;i++)
   {
    r[i]=random(1,5);
    fill(c[i]);
    theta[i]+=theta_gap[i];
    //translate(mouseX,mouseY);
    // rotate(theta[i]);
    v[i].lerp(mouseX+cos(theta[i])*(rnew[i]),mouseY+sin(theta[i])*(rnew[i]),0,easing[i]);
    ellipse(v[i].x, v[i].y, r[i],r[i]);
   }
  //popMatrix();
 }
 
 //pressed mouse
  if(!mouse_tag)
  {
   for(int i=1;i<=num-1;i++)
   {
     theta[i]+=theta_gap[i];
     r[i]=random(10,20);//set pressed circles radius
     rotate(theta[i]);
     //translate(mouseX+cos(theta[i]),mouseY+(theta_gap[i]));
     v[i].lerp(mouseX+cos(theta[i]),mouseY+sin(theta[i]),0,easing[i]);
     ellipse(v[i].x,v[i].y,r[i],r[i]);
   }
  }
  
}
void mousePressed()
{
  mouse_tag=!mouse_tag;
}

但后来给同学看，他们非要说我这个像一堆苍蝇，我就再也不想直视他了。。。

尝试2

实现一个类似于星星的连线，可以鼠标移动的位置，距离在60以内就会自己连接起来。
在这里插入图片描述
以下是完整代码

//create points dis between them
//first create points
int num=100;
float r[]=new float[num];//set points radius
float theta[]=new float[num];
//float theta=30;
PVector v[]=new PVector[num];//random vector
float dst[]=new float[num];//distacne between the point and the mouse
float dst1[]=new float[num];//points between together
float[] easing=new float[num];
float move_dist;
boolean mo=true;//if mouse pressed
void setup()
{
  size(600,600);
 // theta=30;
  for(int i=1;i<=num-1;i++)
  {
  v[i]=new PVector(random(width),random(height));//set points pos
  r[i]=random(1,5);//set points radius
  move_dist=random(20,40);
  theta[i]=random(180)*PI/180;
  easing[i]=random(0.06,0.9);
  }
  frameRate(30);
 
  
}
void draw()
{
  
  background(0,0,0);
  fill(255,255,255);
  
  for(int i=1;i<=num-1;i++)
  {
  v[i]=new PVector(v[i].x+cos(second()+random(20,30))+random(-1,1),v[i].y+sin(second()+random(20,30))+random(-1,1));//set points pos
  //r[i]=random(1,5);//set points radius
  }
  
  
  for (int i=1;i<=num-1;i++)
  {
    noStroke();
    ellipse(v[i].x,v[i].y,r[i],r[i]);
    dst[i]=dist(mouseX,mouseY,v[i].x,v[i].y);
      for(int j=1;j<=num-1;j++)
  {
    if(dst[j]<=60)
    
    {
      stroke(255,255,255);
      stroke(255,255-dst[j]);
      strokeWeight(1);
      line(mouseX,mouseY,v[j].x,v[j].y);
    }
  }
     if(mo)
     {
      for (int j=1;j<=num-1;j++)
      {
       dst1[j]=dist(v[i].x,v[i].y,v[j].x,v[j].y);
        if(dst1[j]<=60)
        {
         stroke(255,255,255);
         stroke(255,255-dst[j]);
         strokeWeight(1);
         line(v[i].x,v[i].y,v[j].x,v[j].y); 
         }  
       }
       
       if(!mo)
      {
       for(int k=1;k<=num-1;k++)
      {
       v[k].lerp(mouseX+cos(theta[k]),mouseY+sin(theta[k]),0,easing[k]);
      }
    }    
  }
 }
}
void mousePressed()
{
  mo=!mo;
}

做了这些尝试之后，有了想法?打算做一个小游戏，所以初步制作了一个封面。
在这里插入图片描述
介绍一下这里的图片是什么意思，一开始我想做一个剪影的图，类似于万圣节的感觉，像这样
在这里插入图片描述
后来比较懒，不想一个一个点的画了，所以就绘制了简单的矩形，作为“树”。他的坐标是随机生成的，宽度也是在一定范围内随机的，确定了他的高度。树分成两种颜色，当作中景和后景。后面的树颜色浅(back trees)，中间的是深色（middle trees)
ps：这里定义变量的部分我没贴上去，后面会发完整的代码，需要的同学继续往后看。

c_t[i]=color(234,230,255);
t_tree[i]=new PVector(random(width),0);
t_width[i]=random(5,8);
m_width[i]=random(5,20);

void draw_tree()
{
   translate(second(),0);
  //back trees
  for(int i=0;i<=num-2;i++)
  {
    t_height[i]=win_length;
    fill(c_t[i]);
    rect(t_tree[i].x,t_tree[i].y,t_width[i],t_height[i]);
  }
  //middle trees
    for(int i=0;i<=20;i++)
  {
    t_height[i]=win_length;
    fill(c_m[i]);
    rect(t_tree[i].x,t_tree[i].y,m_width[i],t_height[i]);
  } 
    for(int i=0;i<=10;i++)
  {
    t_height[i]=win_length;
    fill(232,172,288);
    rect(t_tree[i].x,t_tree[i].y,m_width[i],t_height[i]);
  } 
}

树叶的部分是用椭圆绘制的，坐标也是随机的

    c_t[i]=color(234,230,255);
    c_m[i]=color(230,219,255);
    leafb_width[i]=random(70,90);
    leafb_length[i]=random(170,190);
    leaff_width[i]=random(120,140);
    leaff_length[i]=random(100,120);

void draw_leaf()
{
    for(int i=0;i<=num-2;i++)
  {  
    fill(c_t[i]);
    ellipse(leaf_b[i].x,leaf_b[i].y,leafb_width[i],leafb_length[i]);
    fill(c_m[i]);
    ellipse(leaf_b[i].x+10,leaf_b[i].y,leaff_width[i]+5,leaff_length[i]);
  } 
}

路的部分

    hill_width[i]=random(width/4,width/3);
    hill_length[i]=random(100,200);

void draw_hill()
{
 
    //back_hill
  for (int i=0;i<=4;i++)
  {
    fill(c_t[i]);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+200,hill[i].y+10,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]+10);
  }
  //front_hill
  for (int i=0;i<=4;i++)
  {
    fill(c_h[i]);
    ellipse(hill[i].x,hill[i].y,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]);
  }
    for (int i=0;i<=10;i++)
  {
    fill(232,166,197);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+50,hill[i].y+40,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]);
  }
}
void draw_road()
{
  fill(232,166,197);
  rect(-100,height*1/2,width+100,200);
  fill(232,155,198);
  rect(-100,height*1/2+20,width+100,100);
   for (int i=0;i<=8;i++)
  {
    fill(232,155,198);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+20,hill[i].y+70,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]);
  }
  fill(215,158,232);
  rect(-100,height*1/2+50,width+100,100);
    for (int i=0;i<=8;i++)
  {
    fill(215,158,232);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+50,hill[i].y+100,hill_width[i]-30,hill_length[i]-30);
  }
}

窗户形状的部分

void draw_wind()
{
  v[0]=new PVector(0,height*1/3);
  v[1]=new PVector(width/4,0);
  v[2]=new PVector(width*3/4,0);
  fill(232,198,178);
  rect(v[0].x-100,v[0].y,width+100,win_width);
  rect(v[1].x,v[1].y,win_width,win_length);
  rect(v[2].x-win_width,v[2].y,win_width,win_length);
}

鼠标点击之后，是这幅图
在这里插入图片描述
有没有很熟悉，对我的背景换成了我那个动态的星座，那些星星会颤抖233，鼠标移动过去还是会连线。
这个切换实现起来也很简单，设置一个布尔变量作为判断的标签，如果按下鼠标就把背景换成星座。
另外我的鼠标的效果也添加了进去，对就是那个同学说长得像苍蝇的鼠标效果。
在这里插入图片描述
再次点击还能切换回白天模式。
现在就贴出全部代码

PVector q[]=new PVector[150];//random vector
float dst[]=new float[150];//distacne between the point and the mouse
float dst1[]=new float[150];//points between together
float move_dist;
boolean mo=true;//if mouse pressed
//float r[]=new float[150];//a circle's radius
/*realize circle orbit*/
//10 circles orbit around the center
//(mouseX,mouseY)is center  circles radius different

int aa=1000;//the number of the circles
int max_r=150;//max orbit radius 
int orbit_range=round(random(50,60));//set orbit range
PVector p[]=new PVector[aa];//circles' pos
float n[]=new float[aa];//circles 
float theta[]=new float[aa];//rotate angle
float rnew[]=new float[aa];//a new circle's orbit radius
float r[]=new float[aa];//a circle's radius
float theta_gap[]=new float[aa];//set a circle's orbit theta
float easing[]=new float[aa];
color c[]=new color[aa];//each circle's color
boolean mouse_tag=true;//if key pressed tag=false



PVector v[]=new PVector[3];
float x1=-1,y1=500;//curve start point
float x2=599,y2=500;//curve end point
float cx1=300,cy1=300,cx2=300,cy2=300;//ensure the shape of the curve
float cx3=300,cy3=300,cx4=300,cy4=300;//ensure the shape of the curve
int num=int(random(50,60)); 
int b_num=10;//branch_num 
float win_width,win_length;//set win properties
//float[] tall_t=new float[num]; //obj tall tree
PVector t_tree[]=new PVector[num];//pos tall tree
PVector t_bran[]=new PVector[num];//pos branch
PVector leaf_b[]=new PVector[num];// background tree leaves pos
PVector hill[]=new PVector[num];//hill
PVector leaves[]=new PVector[num];//small leaves
float[] t_width=new float[num];//tree properties
float[] t_height=new float[num];
color c_t[]=new color[num];//color tall
float[] m_width=new float[num];//middle tree
color c_m[]=new color[num];//color middle
float[] leafb_width=new float[num];
float[] leafb_length=new float[num];
float[] leaff_width=new float[num];
float[] leaff_length=new float[num];
float[] hill_width=new float[num];
float[] hill_length=new float[num];
color c_h[]=new color[num];//color hill
float[] leaves_c=new float[num];
float[] speed=new float[num];
float radius=5;

void setup()
{
    
  //star
  for (int i=1;i<=149;i++)
  {
    q[i]=new PVector(random(width),random(height));//set points pos
    move_dist=random(20,40);
  }

//mouse
  for (int i=1;i<=aa-1;i++)
  {
    r[i]=random(1,5);//set circles' radius
    c[i]=color(230,229,113);//set color random
    rnew[i]=round(i/100)*(orbit_range/(round(aa/100)-1))+(max_r-orbit_range);//one orbit has num/10 circles 
    theta[i]=random(360)*PI/180;//set original circle's theta
    theta_gap[i]=random(72/PI);// set translate theta
   // v[i] = new PVector(mouseX+cos(theta[i])*rnew[i],mouseY+sin(theta[i])*rnew[i]);//set a circle's pos
    p[i] = new PVector(mouseX+cos(theta[i])*rnew[i],mouseY+sin(theta[i])*rnew[i]);//set a circle's pos
    easing[i]=random(0.015,0.7);
    //easing[i]=random(0.02,0.3);
  }
  frameRate(60);
  smooth();

  //bg
  size(900,600);
  for(int i=0;i<=num-1;i++)
  {
    c_t[i]=color(234,230,255);
    c_m[i]=color(230,219,255);
    c_h[i]=color(230,216,255);
    win_width=30;
    win_length=width/3;
    t_tree[i]=new PVector(random(width),0);
    leaf_b[i]=new PVector(random(width),random(0,30));
    hill[i]=new PVector(random(width),win_length);
    leaves[i]=new PVector(random(width),random(30,width/4));
    t_width[i]=random(5,8);
    m_width[i]=random(5,20);
    leafb_width[i]=random(70,90);
    leafb_length[i]=random(170,190);
    leaff_width[i]=random(120,140);
    leaff_length[i]=random(100,120);
    hill_width[i]=random(width/4,width/3);
    hill_length[i]=random(100,200);
    leaves_c[i]=random(20,30);
  }
}

//no
void draw_wind()
{

  v[0]=new PVector(0,height*1/3);
  v[1]=new PVector(width/4,0);
  v[2]=new PVector(width*3/4,0);
  fill(232,198,178);
  rect(v[0].x-100,v[0].y,width+100,win_width);
  rect(v[1].x,v[1].y,win_width,win_length);
  rect(v[2].x-win_width,v[2].y,win_width,win_length);
}



void draw_tree()
{
   translate(second(),0);
  //back trees
  for(int i=0;i<=num-2;i++)
  {
    t_height[i]=win_length;
    fill(c_t[i]);
    rect(t_tree[i].x,t_tree[i].y,t_width[i],t_height[i]);
  }
  //middle trees
    for(int i=0;i<=20;i++)
  {
    t_height[i]=win_length;
    fill(c_m[i]);
    rect(t_tree[i].x,t_tree[i].y,m_width[i],t_height[i]);
  } 
    for(int i=0;i<=10;i++)
  {
    t_height[i]=win_length;
    fill(232,172,288);
    rect(t_tree[i].x,t_tree[i].y,m_width[i],t_height[i]);
  } 
}


void draw_leaf()
{
    for(int i=0;i<=num-2;i++)
  {  
    fill(c_t[i]);
    ellipse(leaf_b[i].x,leaf_b[i].y,leafb_width[i],leafb_length[i]);
    fill(c_m[i]);
    ellipse(leaf_b[i].x+10,leaf_b[i].y,leaff_width[i]+5,leaff_length[i]);
  } 
}
void draw_leaves()
{
 
  for(int i=0;i<=30;i++)
  {
    fill(c_m[i]);
    ellipse(leaves[i].x,leaves[i].y,leaves_c[i],leaves_c[i]);
  }
}
void draw_hill()
{
 
    //back_hill
  for (int i=0;i<=4;i++)
  {
    fill(c_t[i]);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+200,hill[i].y+10,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]+10);
  }
  //front_hill
  for (int i=0;i<=4;i++)
  {
    fill(c_h[i]);
    ellipse(hill[i].x,hill[i].y,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]);
  }
    for (int i=0;i<=10;i++)
  {
    fill(232,166,197);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+50,hill[i].y+40,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]);
  }
}
void draw_road()
{
  fill(232,166,197);
  rect(-100,height*1/2,width+100,200);
  fill(232,155,198);
  rect(-100,height*1/2+20,width+100,100);
   for (int i=0;i<=8;i++)
  {
    fill(232,155,198);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+20,hill[i].y+70,hill_width[i],hill_length[i]);
  }
  fill(215,158,232);
  rect(-100,height*1/2+50,width+100,100);
    for (int i=0;i<=8;i++)
  {
    fill(215,158,232);
    ellipse(hill[i].x+50,hill[i].y+100,hill_width[i]-30,hill_length[i]-30);
  }
}
  void draw_bg()
  {
    fill(0,0,0);
    rect(0,0,width,height);
    fill(255,255,255);
    for(int i=1;i<=149;i++)
    {
     q[i]=new PVector(q[i].x+cos(second()+random(20,30))+random(-1,1),q[i].y+sin(second()+random(20,30))+random(-1,1));//set points pos
     }
   for (int i=1;i<=149;i++)
    { 
     noStroke();
     ellipse(q[i].x,q[i].y,5,5);
     dst[i]=dist(mouseX,mouseY,q[i].x,q[i].y);
      for(int j=1;j<=num-1;j++)
      {
       if(dst[j]<=200)
        {
          stroke(255,255,255);
          stroke(255,255-dst[j]);
          //strokeWeight(1);
          //line(mouseX,mouseY,q[j].x,q[j].y);
        }
      }  
      for (int j=1;j<=num-1;j++)
      {
       dst1[j]=dist(q[i].x,q[i].y,q[j].x,q[j].y);
        if(dst1[j]<=100)
        {
         stroke(255,255,255);
         stroke(255,255-dst[j]);
         strokeWeight(1);
         line(q[i].x,q[i].y,q[j].x,q[j].y); 
         }  
       }
    }
  }  
  void draw()
{
 background(238,239,255);
  noStroke();
  if (mo)
 { draw_tree();
  draw_leaf();
  draw_leaves();
  draw_hill();
  draw_road();
  draw_wind();}
  if(!(mo))
  {
    draw_bg();
    draw_tree();
    draw_leaf();
    draw_leaves();
    draw_hill();
    draw_road();
  }
    for (int i=1; i<=num-1;i++)
   {
    fill(c[i]);
    theta[i]+=theta_gap[i];
    p[i].lerp(mouseX+cos(theta[i])*(rnew[i]),mouseY+sin(theta[i])*(rnew[i]),0,easing[i]);
    ellipse(p[i].x, p[i].y, r[i],r[i]);
   }  
    }
void mousePressed()
{
  mo=!mo;
}

网站推荐：
这里面有很多人编辑的代码和例子，有demo视频可以查看，网站的界面我也超级喜欢
https://www.openprocessing.org
这个网址一上来的界面就很炫
http://iprocessing.cn
这个网址嘛，就是很多人的创意啦（手动滑稽
https://shimo.im/sheet/NqhjMXJG9sMl4qaP/RIDOC/

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