python实现flash镜像bin文件的制作

一、前言

本文介绍如何使用python来实现mcu的flash镜像的制作，包括如何将boot和app连接起来，以及进行0xff填充到指定的大小，同时学习了python的文件操作知识。

二、用到的python基础知识

• 2.1、命令行参数传递
  通过sys.argv得到命令行传递过来的参数：

  import sys
  
  # 参数个数判读
  if len(sys.argv) != 3:
  	print("param err!!")
  	exit(-1)
  
  # 获取参数(字符串)，并打印
  file1 = sys.argv[1]
  file2 = sys.argv[2]
  print("file1 : " + file1 )
  print("file2 : " + file2 )
  exit(0)
  

• 2.2、获取文件大小
  通过os.path.getsize获取文件大小:

  import sys
  
  file1 = "test.bin"
  file1_size = os.path.getsize(file1)
  print("file1 size: " + str(file1_size ))
  

• 2.3、删除文件
  通过os.remove删除文件:

  import sys
  
  if os.path.exists(file1):
  	os.remove(file1)
  	print("delete " + file1)
  

• 2.4、生成全0xff的bin文件
  使用file操作实现，生成大小为128K全是0xff的bin文件:

  import os
  import sys
  import shutil
  import struct
  
  file1 = "128K_0xff.bin"
  with open(file1,'wb+') as f1:
      for i in range(128 * 1024):
          s = struct.pack('B',0xff)
          f1.write(s)
  	f1.close()
  

• 2.5、将两个文件拼接起来
  将file2.bin添加到file1.bin之后，生成新文件file3.bin:

  import os
  import sys
  import shutil
  import struct
  
  file1 = "file1.bin"
  file2 = "file2.bin"
  file3 = "file3.bin"
  
  with open(file1, 'rb') as f1, open(file2, 'rb') as f2, open(file3, 'wb') as f3:
  	shutil.copyfileobj(f1, f3)
  	shutil.copyfileobj(f2, f3)
  	f1.close()
  	f2.close()
  	f3.close()
  
  os.remove(file1)
  os.remove(file2)
  exit(0)
  

• 2.6、在bin文件的指定位置写入想要的值
  将0x55写入文件的当前位置：

  import os
  import sys
  import shutil
  import struct
  
  file5 = "test.file"
  value = 0x55
  with open(file5, 'ab+') as f5:
  	s= struct.pack('I',value)
  	f5.write(s)
  	f5.close();
  
  exit(0)
  

• 2.7、文件重命名
  将123.bin重命名为456.bin

  import os
  
  src_file = "123.bin"
  dst_file = "456.bin"
  os.rename(src_file , dst_file)
  exit(0)
  

三、示例模板

#coding=utf-8

import os
import sys
import shutil
import struct

# 参数判断
if len(sys.argv) != 3:
    print("param err!!")
    print("usage: python flash_mkimage.py boot2.bin boot3.bin2\n")
    exit(-1)

print("\nbin info:")

# 获取文件名
boot2_file = sys.argv[1]
boot3_file = sys.argv[2]
print("boot2: " + boot2_file)
print("boot3: " + boot3_file)

boot2_size = os.path.getsize(boot2_file)
print("boot2 size: " + str(boot2_size))
boot3_size = os.path.getsize(boot3_file)
print("boot3 size: " + str(boot3_size))

print("\nmkimage [boot2 + boot3 + padding] start ...")

# 删除已有文件
target = "boot2_boot3_flash.bin"
if os.path.exists(target):
    os.remove(target)
    print("delete " + target)

# 将boot2填充0xff为128K
file1 = "128K_0xff.bin"
with open(file1,'wb+') as f1:
    for i in range(128 * 1024 - boot2_size):
        s = struct.pack('B',0xff)
        f1.write(s)
    f1.close()

file2 = "boot2_0xff.bin"
with open(boot2_file, 'rb') as f, open(file1, 'rb') as f1, open(file2, 'wb') as f2:
    shutil.copyfileobj(f, f2)
    shutil.copyfileobj(f1, f2)
    f.close()
    f1.close()
    f2.close()
os.remove(file1)

# 拼接boot3
file3 = "boot2_boot3.bin"
with open(boot3_file, 'rb') as f, open(file2, 'rb') as f2, open(file3, 'wb') as f3:
    shutil.copyfileobj(f2, f3)
    shutil.copyfileobj(f, f3)
    f.close()
    f2.close()
    f3.close()
os.remove(file2)

# 将file3填充0xff为 0xfff000 字节
file3_size = os.path.getsize(file3)
file4 = "16M_0xff.bin"
with open(file4,'wb+') as f4:
    i = 0
    for i in range(0xfff000 - file3_size):
        s = struct.pack('B',0xff)
        f4.write(s)
    f4.close()
 
file5 = "boot2_boot3_16M.bin"
with open(file3, 'rb') as f3, open(file4, 'rb') as f4, open(file5, 'wb') as f5:
    shutil.copyfileobj(f3, f5)
    shutil.copyfileobj(f4, f5)
    f3.close()
    f4.close()
    f5.close()
os.remove(file3)
os.remove(file4)

# 写入boot2文件大小 
with open(file5, 'ab+') as f5:
    binsize = struct.pack('I',boot2_size)
    f5.write(binsize)
    f5.close();

# padding to 16M
pad_size = 16 * 1024 * 1024 - os.path.getsize(file5)
print("pad_size: " + str(pad_size))
with open(file5,'ab+') as f5:
    i = 0
    for i in range(pad_size):
        s = struct.pack('B',0xff)
        f5.write(s)
    print("file size: " + str(f5.tell()))
    f5.close()

# 重命名
os.rename(file5, target)

print("\nmkimage success, output: " + target)

exit(0)