C++第10天

1.共用体和联合体

#include <stdio.h>

typedef union test
{
	char ch;
	short sh;
	int a;
}test_t;

int main(void)
{
	test_t obj;
	obj.a = 0x87654321;

	printf("&obj   =%p\n", &obj);   //&obj   =00F8FE24
	printf("&obj.ch=%p\n", &obj.ch);//&obj.ch=00F8FE24
	printf("&obj.sh=%p\n", &obj.sh);//&obj.sh=00F8FE24
	printf("&obj.a =%p\n", &obj.a); //&obj.a =00F8FE24

	printf("sizeof(test_t) = %u\n", sizeof(test_t));//sizeof(test_t) = 4

	printf("a  = 0x%x\n", obj.a);//a  = 0x87654321
	printf("sh = 0x%x\n", obj.sh);//sh = 0x4321
	printf("ch = 0x%x\n", obj.ch);//ch = 0x21

	obj.ch = 0xFF;

	printf("a  = 0x%x\n", obj.a);//a  = 0x876543ff
	printf("sh = 0x%x\n", obj.sh);//sh = 0x43ff
	printf("ch = 0x%x\n", obj.ch);//ch = 0xffffffff

	return 0;
}

2.枚举

enum color{red,green = -1,blue,black,pink=18,yellow};

int main(void)
{
	int flg = 2;

	if (blue == flg)
	{
		printf("blue is 2\n");
	}
	else
	{
		printf("blue is not 2\n");
	}

	printf("yellow is %d\n",yellow);//yellow is 19

	return 0;
}

3.系统文件

4.文件指针和普通指针区别

5.文件分类

6.文件操作一般步骤

7.打开，关闭文件函数

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test01.txt", "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		getchar();
		return -1;
	}

	fclose(fp);

	printf("=====finish=====\n");

	return 0;
}

8.文件访问路径

9.按字符写文件 fputc

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>

int main(void)
{
	char* filename = "test04.txt";

	FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return -1;
	}

	int ret = fputc('A', fp);
	printf("ret = %d\n", ret);

	fclose(fp);
	printf("=====finish=====\n");

	return 0;
}

int main(void)
{
	char* filename = "test04.txt";

	FILE* fp = fopen(filename, "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return -1;
	}

	char ch = 'a';
	while (ch <= 'z')
	{
		int ret = fputc(ch, fp);
		if (ret == -1)
		{
			perror("fputc error");
			return -1;
		}
		ch++;
	}

	fclose(fp);
	printf("=====finish=====\n");

	return 0;
}

10.按字符读文件 fgetc

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>

void write_file()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test05.txt", "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	fputc('a', fp);
	fputc('b', fp);
	fputc('c', fp);
	fputc('d', fp);

	fclose(fp);
}

void read_file01()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test05.txt", "r");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	char ch = fgetc(fp);
	printf("ch = %c\n", ch);

	ch = fgetc(fp);
	printf("ch = %c\n", ch);

	ch = fgetc(fp);
	printf("ch = %c\n", ch);

	ch = fgetc(fp);
	printf("ch = %c\n", ch);

	fclose(fp);
}

void read_file02()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test05.txt", "r");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	char ch;
	while (1)
	{
		ch = fgetc(fp);
		if (ch==EOF)
		{
			break;
		}
		printf("ch = %c\n", ch);
	}

	fclose(fp);
}

int main(void)
{
	//write_file();
	//read_file01();
	read_file02();

	return 0;
}

11.feof()函数

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>

void write_file06()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test06.txt", "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	fputc('a', fp);
	fputc('b', fp);
	fputc(-1, fp);
	fputc('c', fp);
	fputc('d', fp);
	fputc('\n', fp);

	fclose(fp);
}

void read_file06()
{
	char ch;

	FILE* fp = fopen("test06.txt", "r");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	while (1)
	{
		ch = fgetc(fp);
		if (feof(fp))
		{
			break;
		}
		printf("ch = %c\n", ch);
	}
	
	fclose(fp);
}

void test_feof()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test06.txt", "r");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	while (1)
	{
		printf("没有到达文件结尾\n");
		fgetc(fp);
		if (feof(fp))
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	fclose(fp);
}

int main(void)
{
	//write_file06();
	//read_file06();
	test_feof();

	return 0;
}

12.fgets()函数和fputs()函数

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>

void write_file06()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test06.txt", "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	fputc('a', fp);
	fputc('b', fp);
	fputc(-1, fp);
	fputc('c', fp);
	fputc('d', fp);
	fputc('\n', fp);

	fclose(fp);
}

void read_file06()
{
	char ch;

	FILE* fp = fopen("test06.txt", "r");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	while (1)
	{
		ch = fgetc(fp);
		if (feof(fp))
		{
			break;
		}
		printf("ch = %c\n", ch);
	}
	
	fclose(fp);
}

void test_feof()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test06.txt", "r");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	while (1)
	{
		printf("没有到达文件结尾\n");
		fgetc(fp);
		if (feof(fp))
		{
			break;
		}
	}

	fclose(fp);
}

int main0601(void)
{
	//write_file06();
	//read_file06();
	test_feof();

	return 0;
}

13.练习：文件版四则运算

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void write_file08()
{
	FILE* fp = fopen("test08.txt", "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	fputs("10/2=\n", fp);
	fputs("10*3=\n", fp);
	fputs("4-2=\n", fp);
	fputs("10+2=\n", fp);

	fclose(fp);
}

int calc(int a, char ch, int b)
{
	switch (ch)
	{
	case '+':
		return a + b;
	case '-':
		return a - b;
	case '*':
		return a * b;	
	case '/':
		return a / b;
	default:
		break;
	}
}

void read_file08()
{
	char buf[4096] = { 0 };
	char result[4096] = { 0 };
	char sum_res[4096] = { 0 };

	int a, b;
	char ch;

	FILE* fp = fopen("test08.txt", "r");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	while (1)
	{
		fgets(buf, 4096, fp);//buf:10/2=
		if (feof(fp))
		{
			break;
		}
		sscanf(buf, "%d%c%d=\n", &a, &ch, &b);
		sprintf(result, "%d%c%d=%d\n", a, ch, b, calc(a, ch, b));
		strcat(sum_res, result);
	}

	fclose(fp);

	fp = fopen("test08.txt", "w");
	if (fp == NULL)
	{
		perror("fopen error");
		return;
	}

	fputs(sum_res, fp);

	fclose(fp);
}

int main(void)
{
	write_file08();
	getchar();
	read_file08();

	return 0;
}