keras.backend: K.placeholder函数参数

本文讲解keras.backend.placeholder函数使用以及函数参数：

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1、如何导入keras.backend：

from keras import backend as K


if __name__ == '__main__':
	inputs = K.placeholder(shape=(2, 3, 5), ndim=4)
	print('inputs ndim: %s' % K.ndim(inputs))

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2、运行输入结果：

inputs ndim: 3

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3、函数源码解析：

def placeholder(shape=None, ndim=None, dtype=None, sparse=False, name=None):
    """Instantiates a placeholder tensor and returns it.

    # Arguments
        shape: Shape of the placeholder
            (integer tuple, may include `None` entries).
        ndim: Number of axes of the tensor.
            At least one of {`shape`, `ndim`} must be specified.
            If both are specified, `shape` is used.
        dtype: Placeholder type.
        sparse: Boolean, whether the placeholder should have a sparse type.
        name: Optional name string for the placeholder.

    # Returns
        Tensor instance (with Keras metadata included).

    # Examples
    ```python
        >>> from keras import backend as K
        >>> input_ph = K.placeholder(shape=(2, 4, 5))
        >>> input_ph._keras_shape
        (2, 4, 5)
        >>> input_ph
        <tf.Tensor 'Placeholder_4:0' shape=(2, 4, 5) dtype=float32>
    ```
    """
    if dtype is None:
        dtype = floatx()
    if not shape:
        if ndim:
            shape = tuple([None for _ in range(ndim)])
    if sparse:
        x = tf.sparse_placeholder(dtype, shape=shape, name=name)
    else:
        x = tf.placeholder(dtype, shape=shape, name=name)
    x._keras_shape = shape
    x._uses_learning_phase = False
    return x

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4、函数参数解释

# shape: Shape of the placeholder(integer tuple, may include `None` entries).
# shape: 占位符的形状, 输入为整形int的元组，可以含有None.

# ndim: Number of axes of the tensor.
# ndim: 张量维度数.
# 注意: 至少指定`shape`或者`ndim`参数, 如果同时指定, 将以`shape`传入为主.

# dtype: Placeholder type.
# dtype: 数据类型(data type).

# Sparse: Boolean, whether the placeholder should have a sparse type.
# Sparse: 布尔类型, 占位符是否应为稀疏类型.

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