2019-02-25~2019-03-01

分享计算机视觉每天的arXiv文章
2019-03-01

[1] CVPR 2019 聚类新文

论文题目：Efficient Parameter-free Clustering Using First Neighbor Relations

作者：M. Saquib Sarfraz, Vivek Sharma, Rainer Stiefelhagen

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.11266

摘要: We present a new clustering method in the form of a single clustering equation that is able to directly discover groupings in the data. The main proposition is that the first neighbor of each sample is all one needs to discover large chains and finding the groups in the data. In contrast to most existing clustering algorithms our method does not require any hyper-parameters, distance thresholds and/or the need to specify the number of clusters. The proposed algorithm belongs to the family of hierarchical agglomerative methods. The technique has a very low computational overhead, is easily scalable and applicable to large practical problems. Evaluation on well known datasets from different domains ranging between 1077 and 8.1 million samples shows substantial performance gains when compared to the existing clustering techniques.

[2] CVPR 2019 表示学习新文

论文题目：End-to-End Efficient Representation Learning via Cascading Combinatorial Optimization

作者：Yeonwoo Jeong, Yoonsuing Kim, Hyun Oh Song

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10990

摘要: We develop hierarchically quantized efficient embedding representations for similarity-based search and show that this representation provides not only the state of the art performance on the search accuracy but also provides several orders of speed up during inference. The idea is to hierarchically quantize the representation so that the quantization granularity is greatly increased while maintaining the accuracy and keeping the computational complexity low. We also show that the problem of finding the optimal sparse compound hash code respecting the hierarchical structure can be optimized in polynomial time via minimum cost flow in an equivalent flow network. This allows us to train the method end-to-end in a mini-batch stochastic gradient descent setting. Our experiments on Cifar100 and ImageNet datasets show the state of the art search accuracy while providing several orders of magnitude search speedup respectively over exhaustive linear search over the dataset.

[3] CVPR 2019 Text-to-Image新文

论文题目：Object-driven Text-to-Image Synthesis via Adversarial Training

作者：Wenbo Li, Pengchuan Zhang, Lei Zhang, Qiuyuan Huang, Xiaodong He, Siwei Lyu, Jianfeng Gao

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10740

摘要: In this paper, we propose Object-driven Attentive Generative Adversarial Newtorks (Obj-GANs) that allow object-centered text-to-image synthesis for complex scenes. Following the two-step (layout-image) generation process, a novel object-driven attentive image generator is proposed to synthesize salient objects by paying attention to the most relevant words in the text description and the pre-generated semantic layout. In addition, a new Fast R-CNN based object-wise discriminator is proposed to provide rich object-wise discrimination signals on whether the synthesized object matches the text description and the pre-generated layout. The proposed Obj-GAN significantly outperforms the previous state of the art in various metrics on the large-scale COCO benchmark, increasing the Inception score by 27% and decreasing the FID score by 11%. A thorough comparison between the traditional grid attention and the new object-driven attention is provided through analyzing their mechanisms and visualizing their attention layers, showing insights of how the proposed model generates complex scenes in high quality.

[4] CVPR 2019 人脸新文

论文题目：Joint Face Detection and Facial Motion Retargeting for Multiple Faces

作者：Bindita Chaudhuri, Noranart Vesdapunt, Baoyuan Wang

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10744

摘要: Facial motion retargeting is an important problem in both computer graphics and vision, which involves capturing the performance of a human face and transferring it to another 3D character. Learning 3D morphable model (3DMM) parameters from 2D face images using convolutional neural networks is common in 2D face alignment, 3D face reconstruction etc. However, existing methods either require an additional face detection step before retargeting or use a cascade of separate networks to perform detection followed by retargeting in a sequence. In this paper, we present a single end-to-end network to jointly predict the bounding box locations and 3DMM parameters for multiple faces. First, we design a novel multitask learning framework that learns a disentangled representation of 3DMM parameters for a single face. Then, we leverage the trained single face model to generate ground truth 3DMM parameters for multiple faces to train another network that performs joint face detection and motion retargeting for images with multiple faces. Experimental results show that our joint detection and retargeting network has high face detection accuracy and is robust to extreme expressions and poses while being faster than state-of-the-art methods.

2019-02-28

[1] CVPR2019 Video Caption新文

论文题目：Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Semantic Attribute Enriched Visual Encoding for Video Captioning

作者：Nayyer Aafaq, Naveed Akhtar, Wei Liu, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, Ajmal Mian

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10322

摘要: Automatic generation of video captions is a fundamental challenge in computer vision. Recent techniques typically employ a combination of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Recursive Neural Networks (RNNs) for video captioning. These methods mainly focus on tailoring sequence learning through RNNs for better caption generation, whereas off-the-shelf visual features are borrowed from CNNs. We argue that careful designing of visual features for this task is equally important, and present a visual feature encoding technique to generate semantically rich captions using Gated Recurrent Units (GRUs). Our method embeds rich temporal dynamics in visual features by hierarchically applying Short Fourier Transform to CNN features of the whole video. It additionally derives high level semantics from an object detector to enrich the representation with spatial dynamics of the detected objects. The final representation is projected to a compact space and fed to a language model. By learning a relatively simple language model comprising two GRU layers, we establish new state-of-the-art on MSVD and MSR-VTT datasets for METEOR and ROUGE_L metrics.

[2] CVPR2019 弱监督语义分割新文

论文题目：FickleNet: Weakly and Semi-supervised Semantic Image Segmentation using Stochastic Inference

作者：Jungbeom Lee, Eunji Kim, Sungmin Lee, Jangho Lee, Sungroh Yoon

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10421

摘要: The main obstacle to weakly supervised semantic image segmentation is the difficulty of obtaining pixel-level information from coarse image-level annotations. Most methods based on image-level annotations use localization maps obtained from the classifier, but these only focus on the small discriminative parts of objects and do not capture precise boundaries. FickleNet explores diverse combinations of locations on feature maps created by generic deep neural networks. It selects hidden units randomly and then uses them to obtain activation scores for image classification. FickleNet implicitly learns the coherence of each location in the feature maps, resulting in a localization map which identifies both discriminative and other parts of objects. The ensemble effects are obtained from a single network by selecting random hidden unit pairs, which means that a variety of localization maps are generated from a single image. Our approach does not require any additional training steps and only adds a simple layer to a standard convolutional neural network; nevertheless it outperforms recent comparable techniques on the Pascal VOC 2012 benchmark in both weakly and semi-supervised settings.

[3] CVPR2019 视频处理新文

论文题目：Single-frame Regularization for Temporally Stable CNNs

作者：Gabriel Eilertsen, Rafa? K. Mantiuk, Jonas Unger

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10424

摘要: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can model complicated non-linear relations between images. However, they are notoriously sensitive to small changes in the input. Most CNNs trained to describe image-to-image mappings generate temporally unstable results when applied to video sequences, leading to flickering artifacts and other inconsistencies over time. In order to use CNNs for video material, previous methods have relied on estimating dense frame-to-frame motion information (optical flow) in the training and/or the inference phase, or by exploring recurrent learning structures. We take a different approach to the problem, posing temporal stability as a regularization of the cost function. The regularization is formulated to account for different types of motion that can occur between frames, so that temporally stable CNNs can be trained without the need for video material or expensive motion estimation. The training can be performed as a fine-tuning operation, without architectural modifications of the CNN. Our evaluation shows that the training strategy leads to large improvements in temporal smoothness. Moreover, in situations where the quantity of training data is limited, the regularization can help in boosting the generalization performance to a much larger extent than what is possible with na?ve augmentation strategies.

[4] CVPR2019 多视几何新文

论文题目：Recurrent MVSNet for High-resolution Multi-view Stereo Depth Inference

作者：Yao Yao, Zixin Luo, Shiwei Li, Tianwei Shen, Tian Fang, Long Quan

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10556

代码链接：https://github.com/YoYo000/MVSNet

摘要: Deep learning has recently demonstrated its excellent performance for multi-view stereo (MVS). However, one major limitation of current learned MVS approaches is the scalability: the memory-consuming cost volume regularization makes the learned MVS hard to be applied to high-resolution scenes. In this paper, we introduce a scalable multi-view stereo framework based on the recurrent neural network. Instead of regularizing the entire 3D cost volume in one go, the proposed Recurrent Multi-view Stereo Network (R-MVSNet) sequentially regularizes the 2D cost maps along the depth direction via the gated recurrent unit (GRU). This reduces dramatically the memory consumption and makes high-resolution reconstruction feasible. We first show the state-of-the-art performance achieved by the proposed R-MVSNet on the recent MVS benchmarks. Then, we further demonstrate the scalability of the proposed method on several large-scale scenarios, where previous learned approaches often fail due to the memory constraint.

[5] CVPR2019 Video Classification新文

论文题目：Efficient Video Classification Using Fewer Frames

作者：Shweta Bhardwaj, Mukundhan Srinivasan, Mitesh M. Khapra

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.10640

摘要: Recently,there has been a lot of interest in building compact models for video classification which have a small memory footprint (<1 GB). While these models are compact, they typically operate by repeated application of a small weight matrix to all the frames in a video. E.g. recurrent neural network based methods compute a hidden state for every frame of the video using a recurrent weight matrix. Similarly, cluster-and-aggregate based methods such as NetVLAD, have a learnable clustering matrix which is used to assign soft-clusters to every frame in the video. Since these models look at every frame in the video, the number of floating point operations (FLOPs) is still large even though the memory footprint is small. We focus on building compute-efficient video classification models which process fewer frames and hence have less number of FLOPs. Similar to memory efficient models, we use the idea of distillation albeit in a different setting. Specifically, in our case, a compute-heavy teacher which looks at all the frames in the video is used to train a compute-efficient student which looks at only a small fraction of frames in the video. This is in contrast to a typical memory efficient Teacher-Student setting, wherein both the teacher and the student look at all the frames in the video but the student has fewer parameters. Our work thus complements the research on memory efficient video classification. We do an extensive evaluation with three types of models for video classification,viz.(i) recurrent models (ii) cluster-and-aggregate models and (iii) memory-efficient cluster-and-aggregate models and show that in each of these cases, a see-it-all teacher can be used to train a compute efficient see-very-little student. We show that the proposed student network can reduce the inference time by 30% and the number of FLOPs by approximately 90% with a negligible drop in the performance.

2019-02-27

[1] CVPR2019 检测新文

论文题目：Generalized Intersection over Union: A Metric and A Loss for Bounding Box Regression

作者：Hamid Rezatofighi, Nathan Tsoi, JunYoung Gwak, Amir Sadeghian, Ian Reid, Silvio Savarese

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09630

摘要: Intersection over Union (IoU) is the most popular evaluation metric used in the object detection benchmarks. However, there is a gap between optimizing the commonly used distance losses for regressing the parameters of a bounding box and maximizing this metric value. The optimal objective for a metric is the metric itself. In the case of axis-aligned 2D bounding boxes, it can be shown that IoU can be directly used as a regression loss. However, IoU has a plateau making it infeasible to optimize in the case of non-overlapping bounding boxes. In this paper, we address the weaknesses of IoU by introducing a generalized version as both a new loss and a new metric. By incorporating this generalized IoU (GIoU) as a loss into the state-of-the art object detection frameworks, we show a consistent improvement on their performance using both the standard, IoU based, and new, GIoU based, performance measures on popular object detection benchmarks such as PASCAL VOC and MS COCO.

[2] CVPR2019 分类新文

论文题目：Learning a Deep ConvNet for Multi-label Classification with Partial Labels

作者：Thibaut Durand, Nazanin Mehrasa, Greg Mori

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09720

摘要: Deep ConvNets have shown great performance for single-label image classification (e.g. ImageNet), but it is necessary to move beyond the single-label classification task because pictures of everyday life are inherently multi-label. Multi-label classification is a more difficult task than single-label classification because both the input images and output label spaces are more complex. Furthermore, collecting clean multi-label annotations is more difficult to scale-up than single-label annotations. To reduce the annotation cost, we propose to train a model with partial labels i.e. only some labels are known per image. We first empirically compare different labeling strategies to show the potential for using partial labels on multi-label datasets. Then to learn with partial labels, we introduce a new classification loss that exploits the proportion of known labels per example. Our approach allows the use of the same training settings as when learning with all the annotations. We further explore several curriculum learning based strategies to predict missing labels. Experiments are performed on three large-scale multi-label datasets: MS COCO, NUS-WIDE and Open Images.

[3] CVPR2019 3D detection新文

论文题目：Stereo R-CNN based 3D Object Detection for Autonomous Driving

作者：Peiliang Li, Xiaozhi Chen, Shaojie Shen

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09738

摘要: We propose a 3D object detection method for autonomous driving by fully exploiting the sparse and dense, semantic and geometry information in stereo imagery. Our method, called Stereo R-CNN, extends Faster R-CNN for stereo inputs to simultaneously detect and associate object in left and right images. We add extra branches after stereo Region Proposal Network (RPN) to predict sparse keypoints, viewpoints, and object dimensions, which are combined with 2D left-right boxes to calculate a coarse 3D object bounding box. We then recover the accurate 3D bounding box by a region-based photometric alignment using left and right RoIs. Our method does not require depth input and 3D position supervision, however, outperforms all existing fully supervised image-based methods. Experiments on the challenging KITTI dataset show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art stereo-based method by around 30% AP on both 3D detection and 3D localization tasks. Code will be made publicly available.

[4] CVPR2019 3D Reconstruction新文

论文题目：Single-Image Piece-wise Planar 3D Reconstruction via Associative Embedding

作者：Zehao Yu, Jia Zheng, Dongze Lian, Zihan Zhou, Shenghua Gao

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09777

代码链接：https://github.com/svip-lab/PlanarReconstruction

摘要: Single-image piece-wise planar 3D reconstruction aims to simultaneously segment plane instances and recover 3D plane parameters from an image. Most recent approaches leverage convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and achieve promising results. However, these methods are limited to detecting a fixed number of planes with certain learned order. To tackle this problem, we propose a novel two-stage method based on associative embedding, inspired by its recent success in instance segmentation. In the first stage, we train a CNN to map each pixel to an embedding space where pixels from the same plane instance have similar embeddings. Then, the plane instances are obtained by grouping the embedding vectors in planar regions via an efficient mean shift clustering algorithm. In the second stage, we estimate the parameter for each plane instance by considering both pixel-level and instance-level consistencies. With the proposed method, we are able to detect an arbitrary number of planes. Extensive experiments on public datasets validate the effectiveness and efficiency of our method. Furthermore, our method runs at 30 fps at the testing time, thus could facilitate many real-time applications such as visual SLAM and human-robot interaction.

[5] CVPR2019 点云分割新文

论文题目：Associatively Segmenting Instances and Semantics in Point Clouds

作者：Xinlong Wang, Shu Liu, Xiaoyong Shen, Chunhua Shen, Jiaya Jia

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09852

代码链接：https://github.com/WXinlong/ASIS

摘要: A 3D point cloud describes the real scene precisely and intuitively.To date how to segment diversified elements in such an informative 3D scene is rarely discussed. In this paper, we first introduce a simple and flexible framework to segment instances and semantics in point clouds simultaneously. Then, we propose two approaches which make the two tasks take advantage of each other, leading to a win-win situation. Specifically, we make instance segmentation benefit from semantic segmentation through learning semantic-aware point-level instance embedding. Meanwhile, semantic features of the points belonging to the same instance are fused together to make more accurate per-point semantic predictions. Our method largely outperforms the state-of-the-art method in 3D instance segmentation along with a significant improvement in 3D semantic segmentation.

[6] CVPR2019 3D Human Pose Estimation新文

论文题目：RepNet: Weakly Supervised Training of an Adversarial Reprojection Network for 3D Human Pose Estimation

作者：Bastian Wandt, Bodo Rosenhahn

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09868

摘要: This paper addresses the problem of 3D human pose estimation from single images. While for a long time human skeletons were parameterized and fitted to the observation by satisfying a reprojection error, nowadays researchers directly use neural networks to infer the 3D pose from the observations. However, most of these approaches ignore the fact that a reprojection constraint has to be satisfied and are sensitive to overfitting. We tackle the overfitting problem by ignoring 2D to 3D correspondences. This efficiently avoids a simple memorization of the training data and allows for a weakly supervised training. One part of the proposed reprojection network (RepNet) learns a mapping from a distribution of 2D poses to a distribution of 3D poses using an adversarial training approach. Another part of the network estimates the camera. This allows for the definition of a network layer that performs the reprojection of the estimated 3D pose back to 2D which results in a reprojection loss function. Our experiments show that RepNet generalizes well to unknown data and outperforms state-of-the-art methods when applied to unseen data. Moreover, our implementation runs in real-time on a standard desktop PC.

[7] CVPR2019 3D Face新文

论文题目：Disentangled Representation Learning for 3D Face Shape

作者：Zi-Hang Jiang, Qianyi Wu, Keyu Chen, Juyong Zhang

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09887

摘要: In this paper, we present a novel strategy to design disentangled 3D face shape representation. Specifically, a given 3D face shape is decomposed into identity part and expression part, which are both encoded and decoded in a nonlinear way. To solve this problem, we propose an attribute decomposition framework for 3D face mesh. To better represent face shapes which are usually nonlinear deformed between each other, the face shapes are represented by a vertex based deformation representation rather than Euclidean coordinates. The experimental results demonstrate that our method has better performance than existing methods on decomposing the identity and expression parts. Moreover, more natural expression transfer results can be achieved with our method than existing methods.

2019-02-26

[1] CVPR 2019 Pose estimation文章，目前SOTA,已经开源

论文题目：Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Human Pose Estimation

作者：Ke Sun, Bin Xiao, Dong Liu, Jingdong Wang

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09212

代码链接：https://github.com/leoxiaobin/deep-high-resolution-net.pytorch

摘要: This is an official pytorch implementation of Deep High-Resolution Representation Learning for Human Pose Estimation. In this work, we are interested in the human pose estimation problem with a focus on learning reliable high-resolution representations. Most existing methods recover high-resolution representations from low-resolution representations produced by a high-to-low resolution network. Instead, our proposed network maintains high-resolution representations through the whole process. We start from a high-resolution subnetwork as the first stage, gradually add high-to-low resolution subnetworks one by one to form more stages, and connect the mutli-resolution subnetworks in parallel. We conduct repeated multi-scale fusions such that each of the high-to-low resolution representations receives information from other parallel representations over and over, leading to rich high-resolution representations. As a result, the predicted keypoint heatmap is potentially more accurate and spatially more precise. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our network through the superior pose estimation results over two benchmark datasets: the COCO keypoint detection dataset and the MPII Human Pose dataset.

[2] CVPR2019 VOS文章

论文题目：FEELVOS: Fast End-to-End Embedding Learning for Video Object Segmentation

作者：Paul Voigtlaender, Yuning Chai, Florian Schroff, Hartwig Adam, Bastian Leibe, Liang-Chieh Chen

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09513

摘要: Many of the recent successful methods for video object segmentation (VOS) are overly complicated, heavily rely on fine-tuning on the first frame, and/or are slow, and are hence of limited practical use. In this work, we propose FEELVOS as a simple and fast method which does not rely on fine-tuning. In order to segment a video, for each frame FEELVOS uses a semantic pixel-wise embedding together with a global and a local matching mechanism to transfer information from the first frame and from the previous frame of the video to the current frame. In contrast to previous work, our embedding is only used as an internal guidance of a convolutional network. Our novel dynamic segmentation head allows us to train the network, including the embedding, end-to-end for the multiple object segmentation task with a cross entropy loss. We achieve a new state of the art in video object segmentation without fine-tuning on the DAVIS 2017 validation set with a J&F measure of 69.1%.

[3] U-Net+

论文题目：U-NetPlus: A Modified Encoder-Decoder U-Net Architecture for Semantic and Instance Segmentation of Surgical Instrument

作者：S. M. Kamrul Hasan, Cristian A. Linte

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.08994

摘要: Conventional therapy approaches limit surgeons’ dexterity control due to limited field-of-view. With the advent of robot-assisted surgery, there has been a paradigm shift in medical technology for minimally invasive surgery. However, it is very challenging to track the position of the surgical instruments in a surgical scene, and accurate detection & identification of surgical tools is paramount. Deep learning-based semantic segmentation in frames of surgery videos has the potential to facilitate this task. In this work, we modify the U-Net architecture named U-NetPlus, by introducing a pre-trained encoder and re-design the decoder part, by replacing the transposed convolution operation with an upsampling operation based on nearest-neighbor (NN) interpolation. To further improve performance, we also employ a very fast and flexible data augmentation technique. We trained the framework on 8 x 225 frame sequences of robotic surgical videos, available through the MICCAI 2017 EndoVis Challenge dataset and tested it on 8 x 75 frame and 2 x 300 frame videos. Using our U-NetPlus architecture, we report a 90.20% DICE for binary segmentation, 76.26% DICE for instrument part segmentation, and 46.07% for instrument type (i.e., all instruments) segmentation, outperforming the results of previous techniques implemented and tested on these data.

[4] Pedestrian Detection文章

论文题目：SSA-CNN: Semantic Self-Attention CNN for Pedestrian Detection

作者：Chengju Zhou, Meiqing Wu, Siew-Kei Lam

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09080

摘要: Pedestrian detection plays an important role in many applications such as autonomous driving. We propose a method that explores semantic segmentation results as self-attention cues to significantly improve the pedestrian detection performance. Specifically, a multi-task network is designed to jointly learn semantic segmentation and pedestrian detection from image datasets with weak box-wise annotations. The semantic segmentation feature maps are concatenated with corresponding convolution features maps to provide more discriminative features for pedestrian detection and pedestrian classification. By jointly learning segmentation and detection, our proposed pedestrian self-attention mechanism can effectively identify pedestrian regions and suppress backgrounds. In addition, we propose to incorporate semantic attention information from multi-scale layers into deep convolution neural network to boost pedestrian detection. Experiment results show that the proposed method achieves the best detection performance with MR of 6.27% on Caltech dataset and obtain competitive performance on CityPersons dataset while maintaining high computational efficiency.

[5] ICRA2019 机器人Ego-Motion Estimation文章

论文题目：Beyond Photometric Loss for Self-Supervised Ego-Motion Estimation

作者：Tianwei Shen, Zixin Luo, Lei Zhou, Hanyu Deng, Runze Zhang, Tian Fang, Long Quan

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09103

代码链接：https://github.com/hlzz/DeepMatchVO

摘要: Accurate relative pose is one of the key components in visual odometry (VO) and simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM). Recently, the self-supervised learning framework that jointly optimizes the relative pose and target image depth has attracted the attention of the community. Previous works rely on the photometric error generated from depths and poses between adjacent frames, which contains large systematic error under realistic scenes due to reflective surfaces and occlusions. In this paper, we bridge the gap between geometric loss and photometric loss by introducing the matching loss constrained by epipolar geometry in a self-supervised framework. Evaluated on the KITTI dataset, our method outperforms the state-of-the-art unsupervised ego-motion estimation methods by a large margin.

[6] Semantic Edge Detection文章

论文题目：Dynamic Feature Fusion for Semantic Edge Detection

作者：Yuan Hu, Yunpeng Chen, Xiang Li, Jiashi Feng

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09104

摘要: Features from multiple scales can greatly benefit the semantic edge detection task if they are well fused. However, the prevalent semantic edge detection methods apply a fixed weight fusion strategy where images with different semantics are forced to share the same weights, resulting in universal fusion weights for all images and locations regardless of their different semantics or local context. In this work, we propose a novel dynamic feature fusion strategy that assigns different fusion weights for different input images and locations adaptively. This is achieved by a proposed weight learner to infer proper fusion weights over multi-level features for each location of the feature map, conditioned on the specific input. In this way, the heterogeneity in contributions made by different locations of feature maps and input images can be better considered and thus help produce more accurate and sharper edge predictions. We show that our model with the novel dynamic feature fusion is superior to fixed weight fusion and also the naïve location-invariant weight fusion methods, via comprehensive experiments on benchmarks Cityscapes and SBD. In particular, our method outperforms all existing well established methods and achieves new state-of-the-art.

[7] CVPR2019 Action Recognition文章

论文题目：An Attention Enhanced Graph Convolutional LSTM Network for Skeleton-Based Action Recognition

作者：Chenyang Si, Wentao Chen, Wei Wang, Liang Wang, Tieniu Tan

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09130

摘要: Skeleton-based action recognition is an important task that requires the adequate understanding of movement characteristics of a human action from the given skeleton sequence. Recent studies have shown that exploring spatial and temporal features of the skeleton sequence is vital for this task. Nevertheless, how to effectively extract discriminative spatial and temporal features is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose a novel Attention Enhanced Graph Convolutional LSTM Network (AGC-LSTM) for human action recognition from skeleton data. The proposed AGC-LSTM can not only capture discriminative features in spatial configuration and temporal dynamics but also explore the co-occurrence relationship between spatial and temporal domains. We also present a temporal hierarchical architecture to increases temporal receptive fields of the top AGC-LSTM layer, which boosts the ability to learn the high-level semantic representation and significantly reduces the computation cost. Furthermore, to select discriminative spatial information, the attention mechanism is employed to enhance information of key joints in each AGC-LSTM layer. Experimental results on two datasets are provided: NTU RGB+D dataset and Northwestern-UCLA dataset. The comparison results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach and show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on both datasets.

[8] AAAI2019 Optical Flow文章

论文题目：DDFlow: Learning Optical Flow with Unlabeled Data Distillation

作者：Pengpeng Liu, Irwin King, Michael R.Lyu, Jia Xu

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09145

摘要: We present DDFlow, a data distillation approach to learning optical flow estimation from unlabeled data. The approach distills reliable predictions from a teacher network, and uses these predictions as annotations to guide a student network to learn optical flow. Unlike existing work relying on hand-crafted energy terms to handle occlusion, our approach is data-driven, and learns optical flow for occluded pixels. This enables us to train our model with a much simpler loss function, and achieve a much higher accuracy. We conduct a rigorous evaluation on the challenging Flying Chairs, MPI Sintel, KITTI 2012 and 2015 benchmarks, and show that our approach significantly outperforms all existing unsupervised learning methods, while running at real time.

[9] RGB to Mech 文章

论文题目：End-to-end Hand Mesh Recovery from a Monocular RGB Image

作者：Xiong Zhang, Qiang Li, Wenbo Zhang, Wen Zheng

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.09305

代码链接：https://github.com/MandyMo/HAMR

摘要: In this paper, we present a HAnd Mesh Recovery (HAMR) framework to tackle the problem of reconstructing the full 3D mesh of a human hand from a single RGB image. In contrast to existing research on 2D or 3D hand pose estimation from RGB or/and depth image data, HAMR can provide a more expressive and useful mesh representation for monocular hand image understanding. In particular, the mesh representation is achieved by parameterizing a generic 3D hand model with shape and relative 3D joint angles. By utilizing this mesh representation, we can easily compute the 3D joint locations via linear interpolations between the vertexes of the mesh, while obtain the 2D joint locations with a projection of the 3D joints.

2019-02-25

[1] MOT文章

论文题目：Online Multi-Object Tracking with Instance-Aware Tracker and Dynamic Model Refreshment

作者：Peng Chu, Heng Fan, Chiu C Tan, Haibin Ling

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.08231

摘要: Recent progresses in model-free single object tracking (SOT) algorithms have largely inspired applying SOT to \emph{multi-object tracking} (MOT) to improve the robustness as well as relieving dependency on external detector. However, SOT algorithms are generally designed for distinguishing a target from its environment, and hence meet problems when a target is spatially mixed with similar objects as observed frequently in MOT. To address this issue, in this paper we propose an instance-aware tracker to integrate SOT techniques for MOT by encoding awareness both within and between target models. In particular, we construct each target model by fusing information for distinguishing target both from background and other instances (tracking targets). To conserve uniqueness of all target models, our instance-aware tracker considers response maps from all target models and assigns spatial locations exclusively to optimize the overall accuracy. Another contribution we make is a dynamic model refreshing strategy learned by a convolutional neural network. This strategy helps to eliminate initialization noise as well as to adapt to the variation of target size and appearance. To show the effectiveness of the proposed approach, it is evaluated on the popular MOT15 and MOT16 challenge benchmarks. On both benchmarks, our approach achieves the best overall performances in comparison with published results.

[2] 多路胶囊网络

论文题目：The Multi-Lane Capsule Network (MLCN)

作者：Vanderson Martins do Rosario, Edson Borin, Mauricio Breternitz Jr

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.08431

摘要: We introduce Multi-Lane Capsule Networks (MLCN), which are a separable and resource efficient organization of Capsule Networks (CapsNet) that allows parallel processing, while achieving high accuracy at reduced cost. A MLCN is composed of a number of (distinct) parallel lanes, each contributing to a dimension of the result, trained using the routing-by-agreement organization of CapsNet. Our results indicate similar accuracy with a much reduced cost in number of parameters for the Fashion-MNIST and Cifar10 datsets. They also indicate that the MLCN outperforms the original CapsNet when using a proposed novel configuration for the lanes. MLCN also has faster training and inference times, being more than two-fold faster than the original CapsNet in the same accelerator.

[3] ICLR 2019对抗网络鲁棒性文章

论文题目：On the Sensitivity of Adversarial Robustness to Input Data Distributions

作者：Gavin Weiguang Ding, Kry Yik Chau Lui, Xiaomeng Jin, Luyu Wang, Ruitong Huang

论文链接：https://arxiv.org/abs/1902.08336

摘要: Neural networks are vulnerable to small adversarial perturbations. Existing literature largely focused on understanding and mitigating the vulnerability of learned models. In this paper, we demonstrate an intriguing phenomenon about the most popular robust training method in the literature, adversarial training: Adversarial robustness, unlike clean accuracy, is sensitive to the input data distribution. Even a semantics-preserving transformations on the input data distribution can cause a significantly different robustness for the adversarial trained model that is both trained and evaluated on the new distribution. Our discovery of such sensitivity on data distribution is based on a study which disentangles the behaviors of clean accuracy and robust accuracy of the Bayes classifier. Empirical investigations further confirm our finding. We construct semantically-identical variants for MNIST and CIFAR10 respectively, and show that standardly trained models achieve comparable clean accuracies on them, but adversarially trained models achieve significantly different robustness accuracies. This counter-intuitive phenomenon indicates that input data distribution alone can affect the adversarial robustness of trained neural networks, not necessarily the tasks themselves. Lastly, we discuss the practical implications on evaluating adversarial robustness, and make initial attempts to understand this complex phenomenon.

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