linux ubuntu16.04下caffe的安装和编译

• 已安装好Anoconda 2：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41770169/article/details/89886093
• 已安装好cuda：查看版本号：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41770169/article/details/89886355
• 已安装好cudnn：查看版本号：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41770169/article/details/89886355

 

1、安装caffe依赖库

进入官网http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html，可以看到编译caffe需要的依赖库

sudo apt-get install libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends libboost-all-dev
sudo apt-get install libgflags-dev libgoogle-glog-dev liblmdb-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-dev
sudo apt-get install liblapack-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev

 

2、caffe代码下载

git clone https://github.com/BVLC/caffe.git

 

3、修改makefile文件

## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
USE_CUDNN := 1

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
# CPU_ONLY := 1

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
# USE_OPENCV := 0
# USE_LEVELDB := 0
# USE_LMDB := 0
# This code is taken from https://github.com/sh1r0/caffe-android-lib
# USE_HDF5 := 0

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
#       You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
#       possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 1

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
# OPENCV_VERSION := 3

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda-8.0
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH :=  -gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
                -gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
                -gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
                -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
                -gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
                -gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
                -gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61

# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := open
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
# BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
# BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
ANACONDA_HOME := /home/xuqiong/anaconda2
PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
         $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
         $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
# ANACONDA_HOME := $(HOME)/anaconda
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include \
                # $(ANACONDA_HOME)/include/python2.7 \
                # $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib/python2.7/site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python 3 (default is Python 2)
# PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5m \
#                 /usr/lib/python3.5/dist-packages/numpy/core/include

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
#PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 1

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/include/hdf5/serial
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/hdf5/serial

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)
# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)
# USE_NCCL := 1

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 1

# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`
BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 1

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 0

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @

如果如下编译过程中，出现cv错误；则查看当前cv版本。

pkg-config --modversion opencv

caffe 默认opencv版本为2，如果版本为3，则将上述：OPENCV_VERSION := 3打开。

如opencv版本为2报错，查看博文：

https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41770169/article/details/90413895

 

4、编译

（1）sudo make all -j8

（2）sudo make test -j4

（3）sudo make runtest -j4

如果报错：找不到libhdf_hl_so.100；原因：没有将anaconda的lib路径加入LD_LIBRARY_PATH

执行如下命令，在.bashrc中添加，即可：

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/home/xuqiong/anaconda2/lib" >> ~/.bashrc

sudo ldconfig

（4）sudo make pycaffe

 

5、测试是否安装成功

返回上一级目录，import caffe

（1）报错：ImportError: numpy.core.multiarray failed to import

解决方法：conda install scikit-image

（2）报错：ImportError: No module named google.protobuf.internal

解决方法：conda install protobuf

（3）报错：no module named caffe

解决方法：PYTHONPATH路径加上caffe/python路径，执行以下指令

export PYTHONPATH="$PYTHONPATH:/home/xuqiong/makeall/caffe/python" >> ~/.bashrc

sudo ldconfig

 

成功解决：

 

另外：查看某个环境变量值

echo $PYTHONPATH

 

参考：

https://www.jianshu.com/p/0cad02ad323b

https://blog.csdn.net/CAU_Ayao/article/details/80582900

https://www.cnblogs.com/taopanpan/p/4263951.html

https://blog.csdn.net/CAU_Ayao/article/details/80578600