Ubuntu安装NVIDIA显卡驱动、CUDA、cudnn
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/59618999驱动安装过程中参考过这篇文章,放在开头向大佬致敬。
系统版本为Ubuntu18.04、显卡为2080Ti
最初尝试了从NVIDA官方下载对应版本驱动安装、ubuntu附加驱动安装两种方式。重启后均卡在登陆界面,循环登录无法进入系统。
这里使用了另一种安装方式,经在两台机器上测试都没有问题,简单省事儿。
直接上命令:
1、安装NVIDIA驱动:
ubuntu-drivers devices
*********
vendor : NVIDIA Corporation
driver : nvidia-driver-450 - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-460-server - distro non-free recommended
driver : nvidia-driver-460 - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-418-server - distro non-free
driver : nvidia-driver-450-server - distro non-free
driver : xserver-xorg-video-nouveau - distro free builtin
ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
完成后重启即可。
执行以下命令查看显卡驱动是否安装成功:
nvidia-smi
出现以下结果说明安装成功:
Thu Apr 29 19:22:46 2021
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 460.73.01 Driver Version: 460.73.01 CUDA Version: 11.2 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
| | | MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:1A:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 31% 26C P8 1W / 250W | 5MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| 1 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:1B:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 31% 25C P8 11W / 250W | 5MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| 2 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:3D:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 31% 24C P8 5W / 250W | 5MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| 3 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:3E:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 31% 25C P8 16W / 250W | 5MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| 4 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:88:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 31% 23C P8 14W / 250W | 5MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| 5 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:89:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 30% 22C P8 2W / 250W | 5MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| 6 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:B1:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 30% 24C P8 3W / 250W | 163MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| 7 GeForce RTX 208... Off | 00000000:B2:00.0 Off | N/A |
| 31% 23C P8 2W / 250W | 5MiB / 11019MiB | 0% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
2、安装cuda:
注意cuda版本一定要和驱动版本相兼容,可以通过上一条命令nvidia-smi查看一下,
在右上角位置,如:CUDA Version:11.2
cuda下载地址:https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-downloads?target_os=Linux
建议选择runfile(local)形式安装。
官方给出的命令如下:(网速慢得兄弟们可以直接复制wget后面得连接在浏览器下载。)
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/11.3.0/local_installers/cuda_11.3.0_465.19.01_linux.run
sh cuda_11.3.0_465.19.01_linux.run
emmm官方的历史版本页面写这篇文章的时候进不去了,附上cuda 11.3作为参考吧。。。
安装完成后配置环境变量:
vim ~/.bashrc
在末尾添加以下内容(”***“为对应cuda版本号)
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/cuda-***/lib64
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cuda-***/bin
export CUDA_HOME=$CUDA_HOME:/usr/local/cuda-***
执行以下命令使修改立即生效:
source ~/.bashrc
查看cuda是否安装成功:
nvcc -V
出现以下结果说明cuda安装成功:
nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver
Copyright (c) 2005-2020 NVIDIA Corporation
Built on Thu_Jun_11_22:26:38_PDT_2020
Cuda compilation tools, release 11.0, V11.0.194
Build cuda_11.0_bu.TC445_37.28540450_0
若安装CUDA过程中报以下错误:
./cuda-installer: error while loading shared libraries: libxml2.so.2: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
执行以下命令:
apt-get install libxml2.so.2
apt-get install libxml2
3、cudnn安装:(注意cudnn一定要和cuda版本一致)
解压下载的cudnn压缩包
tar -xzvf cudnn-x.x-linux-aarch64sbsa-v8.x.x.x.tgz
解压后执行以下命令:
cp cuda/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/include
cp -P cuda/lib64/libcudnn* /usr/local/cuda/lib64
chmod a+r /usr/local/cuda/include/cudnn*.h /usr/local/cuda/lib64/libcudnn*
至此,整个安装过程完成。