细分分割及检测

细胞分割：基于颜色的分割

方法：

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from skimage import data
from skimage.color import rgb2hed, hed2rgb

# Example IHC image
ihc_rgb = data.immunohistochemistry()

# Separate the stains from the IHC image
ihc_hed = rgb2hed(ihc_rgb)

# Create an RGB image for each of the stains
null = np.zeros_like(ihc_hed[:, :, 0])
ihc_h = hed2rgb(np.stack((ihc_hed[:, :, 0], null, null), axis=-1))
ihc_e = hed2rgb(np.stack((null, ihc_hed[:, :, 1], null), axis=-1))
ihc_d = hed2rgb(np.stack((null, null, ihc_hed[:, :, 2]), axis=-1))

# Display
fig, axes = plt.subplots(2, 2, figsize=(7, 6), sharex=True, sharey=True)
ax = axes.ravel()

ax[0].imshow(ihc_rgb)
ax[0].set_title("Original image")

ax[1].imshow(ihc_h)
ax[1].set_title("Hematoxylin")

ax[2].imshow(ihc_e)
ax[2].set_title("Eosin")  # Note that there is no Eosin stain in this image

ax[3].imshow(ihc_d)
ax[3].set_title("DAB")

for a in ax.ravel():
    a.axis('off')

fig.tight_layout()

结果：原始图像经过不同的燃料进行染色，细胞呈现的颜色不同。整体看DAB染色和HE有比较好的特异性（如下图Hematoxylin 和 DAB效果）：

所以接下来就是如何较好的分离这两种燃料的区域了。方法参考如下：

from skimage.exposure import rescale_intensity

# Rescale hematoxylin and DAB channels and give them a fluorescence look
h = rescale_intensity(ihc_hed[:, :, 0], out_range=(0, 1),
                      in_range=(0, np.percentile(ihc_hed[:, :, 0], 99)))
d = rescale_intensity(ihc_hed[:, :, 2], out_range=(0, 1),
                      in_range=(0, np.percentile(ihc_hed[:, :, 2], 99)))

# Cast the two channels into an RGB image, as the blue and green channels
# respectively
zdh = np.dstack((null, d, h))

fig = plt.figure()
axis = plt.subplot(1, 1, 1, sharex=ax[0], sharey=ax[0])
axis.imshow(zdh)
axis.set_title('Stain-separated image (rescaled)')
axis.axis('off')
plt.show()

细胞分割：阈值分割

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from scipy import ndimage as ndi

from skimage import (
    color, feature, filters, measure, morphology, segmentation, util
)
from skimage.data import human_mitosis

image = human_mitosis()

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.imshow(image, cmap='gray')
ax.set_title('Microscopy image of human cells stained for nuclear DNA')
plt.show()

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from skimage import data
from skimage import color
from skimage import morphology
from skimage import segmentation

# Input data
img = data.immunohistochemistry()

# Compute a mask
lum = color.rgb2gray(img)
mask = morphology.remove_small_holes(
    morphology.remove_small_objects(
        lum < 0.7, 500),
    500)

mask = morphology.opening(mask, morphology.disk(3))

# SLIC result
slic = segmentation.slic(img, n_segments=200, start_label=1)

# maskSLIC result
m_slic = segmentation.slic(img, n_segments=100, mask=mask, start_label=1)

# Display result
fig, ax_arr = plt.subplots(2, 2, sharex=True, sharey=True, figsize=(10, 10))
ax1, ax2, ax3, ax4 = ax_arr.ravel()

ax1.imshow(img)
ax1.set_title('Original image')

ax2.imshow(mask, cmap='gray')
ax2.set_title('Mask')

ax3.imshow(segmentation.mark_boundaries(img, slic))
ax3.contour(mask, colors='red', linewidths=1)
ax3.set_title('SLIC')

ax4.imshow(segmentation.mark_boundaries(img, m_slic))
ax4.contour(mask, colors='red', linewidths=1)
ax4.set_title('maskSLIC')

for ax in ax_arr.ravel():
    ax.set_axis_off()

plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()

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