Nullable Operators (C#)

• Null-Coalescing Operator (??)

It is a shorthand to check if the variable is null before accessing its value.

int? i = null;
string? temp="I'm not null!";

int index = i ?? 0;
string result = temp ?? "Null";

Console.WriteLine(index);
Console.WriteLine(result);
Console.ReadLine();
// 0
// I'm not null!

• Null-Coalescing Assignment Operator (??=)

int? i = null;
string? temp="I'm not null!";

int index = i ?? 0;
string result = temp ?? "Null";

Console.WriteLine(index);
Console.WriteLine(result);

i ??= 100;
temp ??= "Hello!";
Console.WriteLine(i);
Console.WriteLine(temp);

Console.ReadLine();
// 0
// I 'm not null!
// 100
// I 'm not null!

• Null Conditional Operator  (?.) 

With this (?.), if the variable is null, its call to the Length property will not throw a runtime error.

NullConditionalOp(null);
Console.ReadLine();

static void NullConditionalOp(string[] args)
{
    Console.WriteLine($"There are {args?.Length ?? 0} arguments.");
    // if args is null, it will not access the Length but assign 0.
}