enum (C#)

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已于 2022-05-03 16:23:54 修改

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分类专栏： C# Basic 文章标签： c# 开发语言

于 2022-05-03 14:59:35 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41861010/article/details/124553967

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本文介绍了枚举类型的默认存储类型及其可接受的类型，包括如何改变枚举的基础类型。展示了如何获取枚举的名称和数值，以及如何进行位运算，特别是使用Flags属性进行多个值的组合。还提供了使用位运算检查权限的例子，并讨论了如何通过Enum.GetValues获取枚举的所有值。

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Default storage type of enum is System.Int32.

The storage type could be changed to byte, short, int and long,

var vehicle1 = VehiclesTypeEnum.MiniVan;

Console.WriteLine($"The result is " +
    $"{Enum.GetUnderlyingType(vehicle1.GetType())}");
Console.WriteLine($"The result is " +
    $"{Enum.GetUnderlyingType(typeof(VehiclesTypeEnum))}");

Console.ReadLine();

// Better to suffix the name of enum types with Enum
// Default storage type of enum is System.Int32
// Acceptable type could be byte, short, int or long
enum VehiclesTypeEnum : byte
{
    // The numerical value could be omitted, or not sequential, but distinct.
    SportsCar = 0,
    MiniVan = 4,
    Truck = 8,
    Bus = 11
}
// The result is System.Byte
// The result is System.Byte

To get the name and value of an enum, do as follows:

Enum.GetValues()

var vehicle1 = VehiclesTypeEnum.MiniVan;
// To get the numerical value of an enum
Console.WriteLine("{0} = {1}", vehicle1.ToString(), (byte)vehicle1);
// To get the underlying name value pairs
Array enumData=Enum.GetValues(vehicle1.GetType());

for(int i=0; i<enumData.Length; i++)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Name: {0}, Value: {0:D}", enumData.GetValue(i));
}

Console.ReadLine();

enum VehiclesTypeEnum : byte
{
    SportsCar = 0,
    MiniVan = 4,
    Truck = 8,
    Bus = 11
}
//MiniVan = 4
//Name: SportsCar, Value: 0
//Name: MiniVan, Value: 4
//Name: Truck, Value: 8
//Name: Bus, Value: 11

Bitwise operations with Enums and Flags

var vehicle1 = VehiclesTypeEnum.MiniVan;
var vehicle2 = VehiclesTypeEnum.Truck;
var vehicleAllowed = (vehicle1 | vehicle2);

Console.WriteLine("Is Bus allowed? {0}", (vehicleAllowed | VehiclesTypeEnum.Bus) == vehicleAllowed);
Console.WriteLine("Is MiniVan allowed? {0}", (vehicleAllowed | VehiclesTypeEnum.MiniVan) == vehicleAllowed);

// The Flags attribute allows multiple values to be combined
// into a single variable.
[Flags]
public enum VehiclesTypeEnum
{
    SportsCar = 0,
    MiniVan = 4,
    Truck = 8,
    Bus = 11
}
// Is Bus allowed? False
// Is MiniVan allowed? True