hello,大家好! 来来来,一起学英语~~
A few months back,Desalegn Godebo's wife descended into a feverish delirium.“It was as if she were mad, " he said, shuddering at the memory.“she was scratching me like a crazy woman."
Before a new road was built through this village,Godebo would have loaded his wife onto his back and hiked six hours along narrow dirt paths to the small city of Awasa. Instead, he lifted her into a truck for the one-hour ride to town. Her condition was diagnosed as malaria and typhoid. She is well now and back home caring for their baby.
The dirt-and-gravel road may look like a timeless feature of the Great Rif Valley(东非大裂谷).But it is part of a huge public road-building project that is slowly hauling one of the poorest, hungriest nations on earth into modernity.
The people who live along it divide time into two eras: Before the Road and After the Road.Because of the road, people can take their sick to the hospital and their children to distant schools.Farmers like Godebo who had only their own feet or a donkey's back for transport can now transport their crops to market.
Ethiopia, an agricultural society where most farmers still live more than a half-day's walk from roads, has been especially hobbled by their absence.
Support for roads in Africa,particularly from the World Bank , is growing again after a decade of decline in the 1990s. Then the bank reduced lending for roads.
Road-building is coming back in style as a way to combat rural poverty in Africa.
While no one expects roads alone to end the chronic hunger faced by millions of Ethiopians or the famines that loom periodically, most development experts agree that they are a precondition for progress and are essential to the success of the Green Revolution, which produces abundance in much of Asia but bypasses Africa.
第一段:
A few months back,Desalegn Godebo's wife descended into a feverish delirium.“It was as if she were mad, " he said, shuddering at the memory.“she was scratching me like a crazy woman."
拿到这一段先扫下生词
feverish
adj.发烧的,发热的;狂热的,极度兴奋的
delinum
n.精神错乱;发狂,狂热;说谵语状态
shuddering
- adj.震动的;发抖的
- v.发抖,战栗(shudder 的现在分词)
初步翻译:
几个月之前,德赛恩 高德博(Desalegn Godebo) 的妻子突然发烧,精神癫狂。 他说:“她好像疯了一样,像一个疯女人一样抓挠我。” 至今回忆起那段,他还瑟瑟发抖。
参考译文
几个月以前,德撒林·高德宝的妻子因发烧而精神错乱。高德宝想起当时的情景就不寒而栗。他说:“她当时就像疯子一样。她用指甲抓我,简直是个疯子。”
首先是外国名字如何正确翻译成中文。在考试的时候,拼出来的名字后面一定要有括号,将英文名字带出来。因为拼出来的名字不一定准确。
at the memory 是"一想起"的意思
- Every time I close my eyes, at the memory of her smile, my heart skips a beat.
- At the memory of that song, I'm taken back to my childhood.
再次要注意语序。答案当中先说了感受,后来描述了事情。这较符合中文习惯。
第二段
Before a new road was built through this village,Godebo would have loaded his wife onto his back and hiked six hours along narrow dirt paths to the small city of Awasa. Instead, he lifted her into a truck for the one-hour ride to town. Her condition was diagnosed as malaria and typhoid. She is well now and back home caring for their baby.
Awasa
阿瓦萨
malaria / məˈleəriə /
n.疟疾
typhoid / ˈtaɪfɔɪd /
- adj.伤寒的;斑疹伤寒症的
- n.伤寒
初步翻译:
那时候村里还没有开通新路, 德赛恩只得背着自己的妻子沿着泥泞的道路长途跋涉了六个小时来到了阿瓦萨。阿瓦萨是一座小型城市。之后,他将妻子安置到了一辆卡车上,开了一个小时最终来到了镇上。医院诊断她得了疟疾加风寒的毛病。现在她已经完全康复,回家照顾孩子去了。
参考译文:
过去这个村子不通公路,高德宝就得背上妻子顺着狭窄的土路走上六个钟头,上小城阿瓦萨去看病。这一次就不用了,他把妻子扶上一辆卡车,一个小时就进了小城。经诊断,她得了疟疾和伤寒。现在她已经好了,又回到家里照顾孩子了。
问题1:错误理解。初步翻译当中没有很好的理解instead这个词,导致了错误的翻译。原文的意思是没有路之前,男主人必须长途跋涉,而这次女主人发病,因为有了路,卡车行驶一个小时就进城了。
would have loaded”表达了一种假设的过去情况,即在过去某个时刻,某人本来会完成某个动作,但由于某些原因(在这里是新道路的修建),这个动作实际上并没有发生。
为了避免错误理解,需要深刻理解虚拟语气表示【该发生却没有发生】这层含义。只有这样才能够知道前面一句和后面一句,不在一个时间点上。前面表示修路之前应该发生,但是现在因为有了路所以没发生。
问题2:漏译narrow没有翻译出来。
第三段:
The dirt-and-gravel road may look like a timeless feature of the Great Rif Valley(东非大裂谷).But it is part of a huge public road-building project that is slowly hauling one of the poorest, hungriest nations on earth into modernity.
road-building
n. 道路建设:指建设、改建或扩建道路的过程,包括规划、设计、施工等各个环节。
gravel
n.碎石,砂砾
hauling
n.[交]牵引;搬运;拖运
hungriest
adj. 饥饿的
初步翻译:
泥泞的道路充满了砂砾,这好像就是东非大裂谷的老样子。但是,这也是一个巨大的公共道路建设项目的一部分。该项目正慢慢牵引着这个地球上最贫最、受饥饿之苦的国家之一走向现代化。
参考译文
这条石子路可能看上去很像东非大裂谷的一个永恒的标志。其实不然,它是一项宏伟的筑路工程的一部分,这项公共工程正逐渐推动世界上贫穷、饥饿最为严重的国家之一走向现代化。
问题1:理解错误。dirt表示的是泥土,不是泥泞。所以这块理解不足,导致翻译出现了偏差。泥土碎石路指的就是这条被修建的道路。
其次,要注意定语从句的翻译技巧。定于从句修饰成分如果已经过长,就将其单独成句,这样结构会更加的清晰。
第四段
The people who live along it divide time into two eras: Before the Road and After the Road.Because of the road, people can take their sick to the hospital and their children to distant schools.Farmers like Godebo who had only their own feet or a donkey's back for transport can now transport their crops to market.
初步翻译:
生活在道路周围的生活被分成了两个时代:有路之前和有路之后。有了路,人们可以带生病的家人到医院看病,带他们的孩子去远处上学。像德赛恩这样的农民过去只能靠自己的双脚或者一头驴子的背运输东西,现在他们可以将他们的粮食到超市上去卖。
参考译文:
沿路的百姓把时间分为两个时代:“修路前”和“修路后”。因为修了这条路,大
家就能把病人送到医院去看病,把孩子送到远处去上学。像高德宝这样的农民,过去
要到这里 全靠自己的双脚,或用驴子来驮东西,现在也能把自己种的东西运到市场上去卖了。
初步译文的问题是第一句没有认清主语,导致第一句翻译错误。
第五段
Ethiopia, an agricultural society where most farmers still live more than a half-day's walk from roads, has been especially hobbled by their absence.
Ethiopia
n.埃塞俄比亚
hobbled
v.跛行,蹒跚行走:行走时受到限制或困难,通常是由于受伤或疼痛。
初步翻译:
埃塞俄比亚是一个农业社会,大多数的农民生活的地方,步行到路上仍然需要半天多的时间。在没有这些道路的时候,他们的生活更加的不便。
参考译文:
埃塞俄比亚是一个农业国,至今大部分农民要走半天的时间才能走上公路,因此,没有公路一直对埃塞俄比亚的发展影响很大。
参考译文当中 more than a half-day's翻译不准确,【多半天的路】
后半句参考译文做了意译。之所以初步译文不正确,是没有正确理解主语。整个 has been especially hobbled by their absence.的主语是 埃塞俄比亚国家。如果一件事情让一个国家不方便,那就是影响到了国家发展。所以理解主语,对含义的正确转换至关重要。
第六段
Support for roads in Africa,particularly from the World Bank , is growing again after a decade of decline in the 1990s. Then the bank reduced lending for roads.
初步翻译
非洲修路的资金支持,尤其是来自国际银行的资金从1990年初到现在的十年间一直在减少,最近才开始慢慢增加。而来自国际银行的贷款又开始降低。
参考译文:
非洲筑路得到的援助,尤其是世界银行的援助,20世纪90年代逐渐减少,现在又逐渐增加了。当时世界银行削减了筑路的贷款。
问题1:1990s 这种要翻译成***世纪***年代。
问题2: then没有翻译出来,会造成扣分。then表示时间,对标事情发生在世界银行增加援助的时候,同时又减少了贷款这件事儿。
问题3: the World Bank 世界银行。
第七段:
Road-building is coming back in style as a way to combat rural poverty in Africa.
初步翻译
道路建设已成为农村贫困地区脱贫的主要手段。
参考译文:
筑路工程现在又轰轰烈烈地恢复起来,这是非洲农村战胜贫困的一条出路。
问题:漏译。come back表示修路工程由于世界银行的资助又恢复生机。
第八段
While no one expects roads alone to end the chronic hunger faced by millions of Ethiopians or the famines that loom periodically, most development experts agree that they are a precondition for progress and are essential to the success of the Green Revolution, which produces abundance in much of Asia but bypasses Africa.
Ethiopians
n.埃塞俄比亚人;埃塞俄比亚的语种; <古>黑人(Ethiopian 的复数)
loom
v.(尤指阴森森地)隐约出现,赫然耸现;逼近,临近。
essential
adj.必不可少的,非常重要的;基本的,精髓的;
初步翻译
虽然没人指望单靠着修建的道路就结束埃塞俄比亚数以百万的遭受慢性饥饿或周期性遭受饥饿的人们。但是,大多数发展专家认为修建道路是发展的前提,是绿色革命成功的基础。绿色革命让亚洲地区生产丰富,却没有带动非洲的发展。
参考译文
虽然谁也不指望只靠修路就能解除千百万埃塞俄比亚人长期忍受的饥饿之苦,就能消除不时出现的饥荒之灾,然而致力于发展的专家们一致认为,修路是取得进步的先决条件,也是绿色革命成功的基础。当年绿色革命在亚洲广大地区取得了丰硕的成果,却与非洲失之交臂。
问题1:翻译不准确:millions of 成百上千万
问题2:漏译:famines表示饥荒。由于对这个单词理解不准确,导致整个半句的表达错误。
问题3:漏译:in much of Asia 亚洲广大地区,不是所有地区。
问题4:bypasses 表示失之交臂。所以亚洲没有经历绿色革命。初步翻译里面【没有带动非洲发展】显然表达错误。
总结下:理解错误和漏译是造成失分的主要原因。错误理解很多时候出现在对主语的不够重视,对虚拟语气的把握不足。漏译就更是不出不在。避免漏译就必须做到三步法。
1、初步翻译一次
2、看中文对照英文检查含义是否一致。
3、看英文对照中文检查含义是否一致。
今天就到这里,给你一个小眼神,祝你快乐一整天~