汉译英早操练-（十四）

        汉译英早操练-（十三）-CSDN博客

        文接上回。我们上次说了汉译英的时候遇到长难句要先找动词，在找到动词的发出者，重新整理句子，让含义更加明晰，进而用简明英语的原则，表达汉语当中的长难句。

        理论好理解，实际操练找感觉更加关键。这篇继续运用老前辈们给的“灵丹妙药”，继续操练起来。

        经人民法院调解结案或判决结案的案件，根据案情责任应由受援方承担的受理费和其他诉讼费用，受援人交纳确有困难的，人民法院应当酌情减免。

           ①、经人民法院调解结案或判决结案的案件 可以拆成【人民法院调解或判决结束了案件】

这样动作和动作发出者都明确了

        ②、根据案情责任应由受援方承担的受理费和其他诉讼费用 这句的动作和动作发出者都非常明确。

        ③、受援人交纳受理费用和其他诉讼费用确实有困难

        ④、人民法院应当酌情减免。

        看下这四个部分的逻辑关系。前面三个部分都在说前提，第四部分再说结果。

        译文1：

        Where the people’s court closes a case through mediation or judgment，if the assisted person has to pay case acceptance fees and other costs of action by the merits of the case，but has clear difficulty paying such fees and costs，the court must exempt or reduce，as appropriate，such fees and costs.

先扫下不会的词儿：

by the merits of the case 根据案件的实际情况

action 指诉讼或法律程序。它指的是为实现个人权利、阻止非法行为或惩罚犯罪等而在法院进行的一种正式程序。

        理清楚了核心句子和句子结构表达起来就会更加清晰。

        第二，中国现有的外交战略是建立在国际社会基本承认各国的独立自主权为基础的，但以美国为首的西方国家在人权问题尤其是科索沃问题上采取新干涉主义的立场，这不仅是对中国主张和坚持的以不干涉内政为核心的建立国际政治新秩序构成了威胁，而且也对中国按自己主张解决国内问题的原则形成了潜在的威胁。

        一、先找找动词： 建立、承认，采取，主张和坚持，坚持、构成了威胁。

        二、根据动词捋一捋核心句子，注意句子之间的关系

        ①、中国现有的外交战略是建立在独立自主权基础上

        China’s current strategy is based on the principle of independence of all nations.

        ②、国际社会基本承认各国的独立自主权

        China calls for the establishment of a new international political order basedon non-intervention in the internal af airs of any country.

        ③、中国主张和坚持建立以不干涉内政为核心的国际政治新秩序

       China calls for the establishment of a new international political order that is based on non-intervention in the internal affairs of any country.

       ④、中国坚持按自己的主张解决国内问题的原则

        China asserts that each country should handle its own domestic affairs as it sees fit.

        ⑤、但以美国为首的西方国家在人权问题尤其是科索沃问题上采取新干涉主义的立场对中国的主张/原则构成了威胁。

        But these principles are being challenged by the neo-interventionist approach to human rights issues that has been adopted by Western nations following the lead of the United States，as exemplified in the Kosovo case.

        第③、④的核心句子排除了“威胁”这一层意思，让意思更加的纯粹，有利于简明的表达。

         The second pillar of China’s current strategy is the principle of independence of all nations，which has been generally recognized in the international community.China proposes that a new international political order be established based on non-intervention in the internal affairs of any country，and asserts that each country should handle its own domestic affairs as it sees fit.These principles are challenged，however，by the neointerventionist approach to human rights issues，led by the United States and adopted by Western nations，as exemplified in the Kosovo case.

        1978年，卫生部针对当时全国地、市以上输血站只有30多个，不少地区没有输血机构，自1949年前一直延续下来的卖血现象没有得到根本改造的情况，提出建立公民义务献血制度。

        一、先找找动词：提出、有、没有，改造

        二、围绕动词找小的核心句子。

        ①、1978年，当时全国地、市以上输血站只有30个。

        In 1978，there were only some 30 blood donation centers at the prefecture or higher level.

        ②、不少地区没有输血机构

        Many places did not have blood donation centers.

        ③、自1949年前一直延续下来的卖血现象没有得到根本改造

        Selling one’s own blood，which existed before 1949，was still common.

        ④、卫生部提出建立公民义务献血制度

        To deal with the problem，MOH proposed creating a voluntary system of blood donation.

        In 1978，there were only some 30 blood donation centers at the prefecture or higher level.Many places did not have blood donation centers.Selling one’s own blood，which existed before 1949，was still common.To deal with the problem，MOH proposed creating a voluntary system of blood donation.

        注：MOH是“Ministry of Health”的缩写，意思是“卫生部

        好了，这篇针对两个小例子找找感觉。什么？还没找到感觉，好的，我们下一篇再见~