【单片机】使用ringbuffer接收数据

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 22:41:11 发布

提莫的蘑菇丛

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-03 22:41:11 发布

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文章标签：单片机嵌入式硬件

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42017484/article/details/131051869

版权

本文介绍了使用ringbuffer接收数据的相关方法。

文章目录

概述
函数
- 1.ringbuffer函数
- 2.main函数

概述

ring buffer称作环形缓冲区，也称作环形队列（circular queue），是一种用于表示一个固定尺寸、头尾相连的缓冲区的数据结构，适合缓存数据流。

环形缓冲区的一些使用特点如下：

当一个数据元素被读取出后，其余数据元素不需要移动其存储位置；
适合于事先明确了缓冲区的最大容量的情形。缓冲区的容量（长度）一般固定，可以用一个静态数组来充当缓冲区，无需重复申请内存；
如果缓冲区的大小需要经常调整，就不适合用环形缓冲区，因为在扩展缓冲区大小时，需要搬移其中的数据，这种场合使用链表更加合适；
因为缓冲区成头尾相连的环形，写操作可能会覆盖未及时读取的数据，有的场景允许这种情况发生，有的场景又严格限制这种情况发生。选择何种策略和具体应用场景相关。

函数

1.ringbuffer函数

c代码如下：

#include "ringbuffer_u8.h"

void ringbuffer_u8_init(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb)
{
    rb->write_index = 0;
    rb->read_index = 0;
}

bool ringbuffer_u8_is_empty(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb)
{
    if (rb->write_index == rb->read_index)
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}

bool ringbuffer_u8_is_full(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb)
{
    
    if ((rb->write_index - rb->read_index + ringbuffer_u8_length) % ringbuffer_u8_length == (ringbuffer_u8_length - 1)){
        return true;
    }else {
        return false;
    }
}


void ringbuffer_u8_push_back_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb, uint8_t data)
{
    if(ringbuffer_u8_is_full(rb))
    {
        rb->read_index++;
        rb->read_index %= ringbuffer_u8_length;
    }
    
    rb->buffer[rb->write_index] = data;

    rb->write_index++;
    rb->write_index %= ringbuffer_u8_length;
}

uint8_t ringbuffer_u8_pop_front_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb)
{
    uint8_t res;
    
    if(ringbuffer_u8_is_empty(rb))
    {
        return 0;
    }
    
    res = rb->buffer[rb->read_index];
    rb->read_index++;
    rb->read_index %= ringbuffer_u8_length;
    
    return res;
}

uint8_t ringbuffer_u8_read_front_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb, uint8_t counter)    //预取地址不变化
{
    uint8_t res;
    
    if(ringbuffer_u8_is_empty(rb)){
        return 0;
    }
    res = rb->buffer[rb->read_index+counter];
    
    return res;
}

void ringbuffer_u8_clear_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb, uint16_t data)    //写地址回到读地址
    {
        rb->write_index = data;
    }

    
uint16_t ringbuffer_u8_read_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb)    //写地址回到读地址
    {
        uint16_t index;
        index = rb->write_index;
        return index;
    }

    
    
uint32_t ringbuffer_length(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb)
    {
        uint32_t res;
        
        if(ringbuffer_u8_is_empty(rb)){
            return 0;
        }
        
        res = (rb->write_index - rb->read_index + ringbuffer_u8_length) % ringbuffer_u8_length;
        return res;
    }

h头文件代码如下：

#ifndef SRC_BUFFER_RINGBUFFER_U8_H_
#define SRC_BUFFER_RINGBUFFER_U8_H_

#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <string.h>

#define ringbuffer_u8_length (512)

typedef struct
{
    uint8_t buffer[ringbuffer_u8_length];
    
    uint16_t write_index;
    uint16_t read_index;
}ringbuffer_u8_type;


typedef struct
{
    uint32_t buffer[ringbuffer_u8_length];
    
    uint16_t write_index;
    uint16_t read_index;
}ringbuffer_u32_type;


extern void ringbuffer_u8_init(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb);

extern bool ringbuffer_u8_is_empty(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb);

extern bool ringbuffer_u8_is_full(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb);

extern void ringbuffer_u8_push_back_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb, uint8_t data);

extern uint8_t ringbuffer_u8_pop_front_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb);

extern uint32_t ringbuffer_length(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb);

extern void ringbuffer_u8_clear_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb, uint16_t data);

extern uint16_t ringbuffer_u8_read_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb);

extern uint8_t ringbuffer_u8_read_front_byte(ringbuffer_u8_type *rb, uint8_t counter);

#endif /* SRC_BUFFER_RINGBUFFER_U8_H_ */

最后须有一行空行。

2.main函数

使用cube生成原始代码，此时需要配置DMA，NVIC，USART1。
除了cube生成的函数外，需要额外添加的函数如下：

/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

void Command_Processing(uint8_t *frame_Array);

uint8_t rcv_tmp;
ringbuffer_u8_type uartRingBuffer;
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
    if(huart == &huart1)
        ringbuffer_u8_push_back_byte(&uartRingBuffer, rcv_tmp);
    
}

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

void SystemClock_Config(void);
uint8_t uart_1_data[64];
uint8_t uart_1_tmp = -1;
uint8_t uart_1_pos = 0;
void UART_1_Process(void)
{

    //从RxRingQ缓存区提取一个字符
    while(ringbuffer_length(&uartRingBuffer) > 0 )
    {
      uart_1_tmp = ringbuffer_u8_pop_front_byte(&uartRingBuffer);
      uart_1_data[uart_1_pos] = uart_1_tmp;
      switch(uart_1_pos){
          case 0x00 :
              if(uart_1_tmp != 0x5A)
                  continue;
              break;
              
          case 0x01 :
              if(uart_1_tmp != 0xA5)
              {
              uart_1_pos = 0;
              continue;
              }
              break;
      }
      uart_1_pos++;
      if(uart_1_pos > 3 && uart_1_pos == uart_1_data[2]+3)  //2位帧头+1位帧长度
      {
          Command_Processing(uart_1_data);
          uart_1_pos = 0;
          return;
      
      }
    }
}

uint64_t data[1] = {0};

void Command_Processing(uint8_t *frame_Array)
{
    if (frame_Array[2] == 0x08 && frame_Array[3] == 0x83 && frame_Array[4] == 0x20 && frame_Array[5] == 0x00 && frame_Array[6] == 0x02 )
    {
    data[0] = (((uint64_t)(frame_Array[7]) << 24)|((uint64_t)(frame_Array[8]) << 16)|((uint64_t)(frame_Array[9]) << 8)|((uint64_t)(frame_Array[10])));
   
    }

}

/* USER CODE END 0 */

该处对一个帧头确定的数据进行处理。

整个main.c函数如下所示：

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "core_printf.h"
#include "ringbuffer_u8.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

void Command_Processing(uint8_t *frame_Array);

uint8_t rcv_tmp;
ringbuffer_u8_type uartRingBuffer;
void HAL_UART_RxCpltCallback(UART_HandleTypeDef *huart)
{
    if(huart == &huart1)
        ringbuffer_u8_push_back_byte(&uartRingBuffer, rcv_tmp);
    
}




/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

void SystemClock_Config(void);
uint8_t uart_1_data[64];
uint8_t uart_1_tmp = -1;
uint8_t uart_1_pos = 0;
void UART_1_Process(void)
{

    //从RxRingQ缓存区提取一个字符
    while(ringbuffer_length(&uartRingBuffer) > 0 )
    {
      uart_1_tmp = ringbuffer_u8_pop_front_byte(&uartRingBuffer);
      uart_1_data[uart_1_pos] = uart_1_tmp;
      switch(uart_1_pos){
          case 0x00 :
              if(uart_1_tmp != 0x5A)
                  continue;
              break;
              
          case 0x01 :
              if(uart_1_tmp != 0xA5)
              {
              uart_1_pos = 0;
              continue;
              }
              break;
      }
      uart_1_pos++;
      if(uart_1_pos > 3 && uart_1_pos == uart_1_data[2]+3)  //2位帧头+1位帧长度
      {
          Command_Processing(uart_1_data);
          uart_1_pos = 0;
          return;
      
      }
    }
}

uint64_t data[1] = {0};

void Command_Processing(uint8_t *frame_Array)
{
    if (frame_Array[2] == 0x08 && frame_Array[3] == 0x83 && frame_Array[4] == 0x20 && frame_Array[5] == 0x00 && frame_Array[6] == 0x02 )
    {
    data[0] = (((uint64_t)(frame_Array[7]) << 24)|((uint64_t)(frame_Array[8]) << 16)|((uint64_t)(frame_Array[9]) << 8)|((uint64_t)(frame_Array[10])));
    
    
    }

}



/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

    uint8_t dataoutput[11] = {0x5A, 0xA5, 0x08, 0x83, 0x20, 0x00, 0x02};
    
  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
  
    HAL_Delay(100);
    HAL_UART_Receive_DMA(&huart1, &rcv_tmp, 1);

//    HAL_Delay(200);
//    printf("HELLO\r\n");
//    HAL_Delay(200);


  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */

      UART_1_Process();
      dataoutput[7] = data[0] >> 24;
      dataoutput[8] = data[0] >> 16;
      dataoutput[9] = data[0] >> 8;
      dataoutput[10] = data[0];
      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, dataoutput, 11, 1000);
      
      HAL_Delay(1000);
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEPredivValue = RCC_HSE_PREDIV_DIV1;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLMUL = RCC_PLL_MUL9;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */