爬取网页照片主要用到两个模块,request模块和BeautifulSoup库。
本次作业是需要百度百科中《青春有你2》中所有参赛选手信息,返回页面数据。下面是代码:
import json
import re
import requests
import datetime
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import os
#获取当天的日期,并进行格式化,用于后面文件命名,格式:20200420
today = datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
def crawl_wiki_data():
"""
爬取百度百科中《青春有你2》中参赛选手信息,返回html
"""
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
url='https://baike.baidu.com/item/青春有你第二季'
try:
response = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
print(response.status_code)
#将一段文档传入BeautifulSoup的构造方法,就能得到一个文档的对象, 可以传入一段字符串
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,"html.parser")
#返回的是class为table-view log-set-param的<table>所有标签
tables = soup.find_all('table',{'class':'table-view log-set-param'})
crawl_table_title = "参赛学员"
for table in tables:
#对当前节点前面的标签和字符串进行查找
table_titles = table.find_previous('div').find_all('h3')
for title in table_titles:
if(crawl_table_title in title):
return table
except Exception as e:
print(e)
def parse_wiki_data(table_html):
'''
从百度百科返回的html中解析得到选手信息,以当前日期作为文件名,存JSON文件,保存到work目录下
'''
bs = BeautifulSoup(str(table_html),"html.parser")
all_trs = bs.find_all('tr')
error_list = ['\'','\"']
stars = []
for tr in all_trs[1:]:
all_tds = tr.find_all('td')
star = {}
#姓名
star["name"]=all_tds[0].text
#个人百度百科链接
star["link"]= 'https://baike.baidu.com' + all_tds[0].find('a').get('href')
#籍贯
star["zone"]=all_tds[1].text
#星座
star["constellation"]=all_tds[2].text
#身高
star["height"]=all_tds[3].text
#体重
star["weight"]= all_tds[4].text
#花语,去除掉花语中的单引号或双引号
flower_word = all_tds[5].text
for c in flower_word:
if c in error_list:
flower_word=flower_word.replace(c,'')
star["flower_word"]=flower_word
#公司
if not all_tds[6].find('a') is None:
star["company"]= all_tds[6].find('a').text
else:
star["company"]= all_tds[6].text
stars.append(star)
json_data = json.loads(str(stars).replace("\'","\""))
with open('work/' + today + '.json', 'w', encoding='UTF-8') as f:
json.dump(json_data, f, ensure_ascii=False)
def crawl_pic_urls():
'''
爬取每个选手的百度百科图片,并保存
'''
with open('work/'+ today + '.json', 'r', encoding='UTF-8') as file:
json_array = json.loads(file.read())
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
for star in json_array:
pic_urls=[]
name = star['name']
link = star['link']
#!!!请在以下完成对每个选手图片的爬取,将所有图片url存储在一个列表pic_urls中!!!
response = requests.get(link,headers=headers)
#将一段文档传入BeautifulSoup的构造方法,就能得到一个文档的对象, 可以传入一段字符串
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,"html.parser")
#返回的是class为table-view log-set-param的<table>所有标签
srcs = soup.find('div',{'class':'summary-pic'})
# print(srcs)
srcs = srcs.find_all('img')
# print(srcs)
for src in srcs:
pic_urls.append(src['src'])
#!!!根据图片链接列表pic_urls, 下载所有图片,保存在以name命名的文件夹中!!!
down_pic(name,pic_urls)
def down_pic(name,pic_urls):
'''
根据图片链接列表pic_urls, 下载所有图片,保存在以name命名的文件夹中,
'''
path = 'work/'+'pics/'+name+'/'
if not os.path.exists(path):
os.makedirs(path)
for i, pic_url in enumerate(pic_urls):
try:
pic = requests.get(pic_url, timeout=15)
string = str(i + 1) + '.jpg'
with open(path+string, 'wb') as f:
f.write(pic.content)
print('成功下载第%s张图片: %s' % (str(i + 1), str(pic_url)))
except Exception as e:
print('下载第%s张图片时失败: %s' % (str(i + 1), str(pic_url)))
print(e)
continue
def show_pic_path(path):
'''
遍历所爬取的每张图片,并打印所有图片的绝对路径
'''
pic_num = 0
for (dirpath,dirnames,filenames) in os.walk(path):
for filename in filenames:
pic_num += 1
print("第%d张照片:%s" % (pic_num,os.path.join(dirpath,filename)))
print("共爬取《青春有你2》选手的%d照片" % pic_num)
再运行下列代码:
if __name__ == '__main__':
#爬取百度百科中《青春有你2》中参赛选手信息,返回html
html = crawl_wiki_data()
#解析html,得到选手信息,保存为json文件
parse_wiki_data(html)
#从每个选手的百度百科页面上爬取图片,并保存
crawl_pic_urls()
#打印所爬取的选手图片路径
show_pic_path('/home/aistudio/work/pics/')
print("所有信息爬取完成!")
运行之后成功爬取
正当我为自己的成果沾沾自喜之时,看了一下群里,发现有人爬取了482张图片。对比结果之后发现,该同学的结果中有的名字有好几张照片,而我的每个名字只有一张。
更改crawl_pic_urls()函数为
def crawl_pic_urls():
'''
爬取每个选手的百度百科图片,并保存
'''
with open('work/'+ today + '.json', 'r', encoding='UTF-8') as file:
json_array = json.loads(file.read())
headers = {
'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36'
}
for star in json_array:
pic_urls=[]
name = star['name']
link = star['link']
#!!!请在以下完成对每个选手图片的爬取,将所有图片url存储在一个列表pic_urls中!!!
response = requests.get(link,headers=headers)
#将一段文档传入BeautifulSoup的构造方法,就能得到一个文档的对象, 可以传入一段字符串
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,"html.parser")
#返回的是class为table-view log-set-param的<table>所有标签
srcs = soup.find_all('div',{'class':'summary-pic'})
for src in srcs:
aHref=src.a['href']
album_url="https://baike.baidu.com"+aHref
response = requests.get(album_url,headers=headers)
soup = BeautifulSoup(response.text,"html.parser")
pic_list_div=soup.find('div',{'class':'pic-list'})
Images = pic_list_div.find_all('img')
for Image in Images:
image_url = Image['src']
pic_urls.append(image_url)
#!!!根据图片链接列表pic_urls, 下载所有图片,保存在以name命名的文件夹中!!!
down_pic(name,pic_urls)
继续运行,成功爬取所有照片