AD8307对数检波器

目录

原理图：

PCB:

实物图：

规格书

---

原理图：

PCB:

当时芯片申请的时候不小心申请了直插的芯片。。。

实物图：

经过测试，是能够正常使用的。

规格书

AD8307 是采用 8 引脚 SOIC_N 封装制造的第一款对数放大器。它是一款基于渐近压缩（连续检波）技术的完整 500 MHz 单片解调对数放大器，在 100 MHz 以下的所有频率时，动态范围为 92 dB ±3 dB（符合法律规定的误差）和 88 dB ±1 dB（严格误差）。AD8307 极其稳定并且易于使用，不需要很多外部元件。需要 2.7 V 至 5.5 V 的单电源电压（电流为 7.5 mA）。与 CMOS 兼容的快速反应控制引脚可以将 AD8307 禁用至 150 μA 的待机电流。

AD8307 可在 −40°C 至 +85°C 的工业温度范围内工作。它采用 8 引脚 SOIC 封装和 8 引脚 PDIP 封装。

FEATURES Complete multistage logarithmic amplifier 92 dB dynamic range: −75 dBm to +17 dBm to −90 dBm using matching network Single supply of 2.7 V minimum at 7.5 mA typical DC to 500 MHz operation, ±1 dB linearity Slope of 25 mV/dB, intercept of −84 dBm Highly stable scaling over temperature Fully differential dc-coupled signal path 100 ns power-up time, 150 μA sleep current APPLICATIONS Conversion of signal level to decibel form Transmitter antenna power measurement Receiver signal strength indication (RSSI) Low cost radar and sonar signal processing Network and spectrum analyzers (to 120 dB) Signal level determination down to 20 Hz True decibel ac mode for multimeters

特征
完整的多级对数放大器
92 dB动态范围：-75 dBm至+17 dBm至-90 dBm
使用匹配网络
典型值为7.5mA时最小2.7V的单电源
DC至500 MHz工作，±1 dB线性
斜率为25 mV/dB，截距为-84 dBm
温度范围内高度稳定的缩放
全差分直流耦合信号路径
100 ns上电时间，150μA睡眠电流
应用
信号电平转换为分贝形式
发射机天线功率测量
接收机信号强度指示（RSSI）
低成本雷达和声纳信号处理
网络和频谱分析仪（至120 dB）
信号电平确定低至20 Hz
万用表的真分贝交流模式

Logarithmic amplifiers perform a more complex operation than that of classical linear amplifiers, and their circuitry is significantly different. A good grasp of what log amps do and how they work can prevent many pitfalls in their application. The essential purpose of a log amp is not to amplify, though amplification is utilized to achieve the function. Rather, it is to compress a signal of wide dynamic range to its decibel equivalent. It is thus a measurement device. A better term may be logarithmic converter, because its basic function is the conversion of a signal from one domain of representation to another via a precise nonlinear transformation. Logarithmic compression leads to situations that can be confusing or paradoxical. For example, a voltage offset added to the output of a log amp is equivalent to a gain increase ahead of its input. In the usual case where all the variables are voltages, and regardless of the particular structure, the relationship between the variables

对数放大器执行的操作比
与经典线性放大器相比，它们的电路具有显著的优势
不同。很好地掌握日志放大器的功能及其工作原理
可以防止其应用中的许多陷阱。基本目的
对数放大器的放大不是为了放大，尽管放大是为了
实现功能。相反，它是压缩宽信号
动态范围到其分贝等效值。因此，这是一种测量
设备。一个更好的术语可能是对数转换器，因为它
基本功能是将信号从一个域转换为
通过精确的非线性变换将其表示为另一个。
对数压缩会导致令人困惑的情况
或者自相矛盾。例如，输出中添加了电压偏移
对数放大器的增益等于其输入前的增益增加。
在通常情况下，所有变量都是电压，无论
对于特定结构，变量之间的关系

 INTERCEPT CALIBRATION All monolithic log amps from Analog Devices include accurate means to position the intercept voltage, VX (or equivalent power for a demodulating log amp). Using the scheme shown in Figure 26, the basic value of the intercept level departs considerably from that predicted by the simpler analyses given earlier. However, the intrinsic intercept voltage is still proportional to EK, which is PTAT (see Equation 5). Recalling that the addition of an offset to the output produces an effect that is indistinguishable from a change in the position of the intercept, it is possible to cancel the left-right motion of VX resulting from the temperature variation of EK. Do this by adding an offset with the required temperature behavior. The precise temperature shaping of the intercept positioning offset results in a log amp having stable scaling parameters, making it a true measurement device, for example, as a calibrated received signal strength indicator (RSSI). In this application, the user is more interested in the value of the output for an input waveform that is invariably sinusoidal. Although the input level can alternatively be stated as an equivalent power, in dBm, be sure to work carefully. It is essential to know the load impedance in which this power is presumed to be measured. In radio frequency (RF) practice, it is generally safe to assume a reference impedance of 50 Ω in which 0 dBm (1 mW) corresponds to a sinusoidal amplitude of 316.2 mV (223.6 mV rms). The intercept can likewise be specified in dBm. For the AD8307, it is positioned at −84 dBm, corresponding to a sine amplitude of 20 μV. It is important to bear in mind that log amps do not respond to power, but to the voltage applied to their input. The AD8307 presents a nominal input impedance much higher than 50 Ω (typically 1.1 kΩ low frequencies). A simple input matching network can considerably improve the sensitivity of this type of log amp. This increases the voltage applied to the input and thus alters the intercept. For a 50 Ω match, the voltage gain is 4.8 and the entire dynamic range moves down by 13.6 dB (see Figure 35). Note that the effective intercept is a function of waveform. For example, a square wave input reads 6 dB higher than a sine wave of the same amplitude and a Gaussian noise input 0.5 dB higher than a sine wave of the same rms value. OFFSET CONTROL In a monolithic log amp, direct coupling between the stages is used for several reasons. First, this avoids the use of coupling capacitors, which typically have a chip area equal to that of a basic gain cell, thus considerably increasing die size. Second, the capacitor values predetermine the lowest frequency at which the log amp can operate; for moderate values, this can be as high as 30 MHz, limiting the application range. Third, the parasitic (backplate) capacitance lowers the bandwidth of the cell, further limiting the applications. However, the very high dc gain of a direct-coupled amplifier raises a practical issue. An offset voltage in the early stages of the chain is indistinguishable from a real signal. For example, if it were as high as 400 μV, it would be 18 dB larger than the smallest ac signal (50 μV), potentially reducing the dynamic range by this amount. This problem is averted by using a global feedback path from the last stage to the first, which corrects this offset in a similar fashion to the dc negative feedback applied around an op amp. The high frequency components of the signal must be removed to prevent a reduction of the HF gain in the forward path.

截距校准
ADI公司的所有单片对数放大器都包括精确的
用于定位截距电压VX（或等效功率
解调对数放大器）。使用图26所示的方案，
截距水平的基本值与
这是之前给出的更简单的分析所预测的。然而，
固有截距电压仍然与EK成正比
PTAT（见方程式5）。回顾在
输出产生的效果与
如果截距位置发生变化，则可以取消
VX因温度而产生的左右运动
EK的变化。通过添加所需的偏移量来实现
温度行为。
截距定位偏移的精确温度整形
导致日志放大器具有稳定的缩放参数，使其成为
真实测量设备，例如，作为校准后的接收设备
信号强度指示器（RSSI）。在这个应用程序中，用户是
对输入波形的输出值更感兴趣
这总是正弦曲线。虽然输入电平也可以表示为等效功率，单位为dBm，但一定要工作
小心。了解负载阻抗至关重要，其中
假定该功率被测量。
在射频（RF）实践中，通常可以安全地假设
参考阻抗为50Ω，其中0 dBm（1 mW）对应
正弦振幅为316.2 mV（223.6 mV rms）。这个
截距同样可以以dBm为单位指定。对于AD8307来说，它是
位于-84 dBm，对应于20μV的正弦振幅。
重要的是要记住，对数放大器不会响应
功率，但取决于施加到其输入端的电压。
AD8307的标称输入阻抗要高得多
大于50Ω（通常为1.1kΩ低频）。简单的输入
匹配网络可以显著提高
这种类型的日志放大器。这增加了施加到
输入，从而改变截距。对于50Ω的匹配，电压
增益为4.8，整个动态范围下降13.6dB
（见图35）。请注意，有效截距是以下函数的函数
波形。例如，方波输入的读数高出6dB
与振幅相同的正弦波和高斯噪声相比
输入比相同rms值的正弦波高0.5dB。
偏移控制
在单片对数放大器中，级之间的直接耦合是
使用有几个原因。首先，这避免了使用耦合
电容器，其芯片面积通常等于
基本增益单元，从而大大增加了管芯尺寸。第二
电容器值预先确定最低频率
日志放大器可以运行；对于中等值，这可能高达
30 MHz，限制了应用范围。第三，寄生虫
（背板）电容进一步降低了电池的带宽
限制应用。
然而，直接耦合放大器的直流增益非常高
提出了一个实际问题。早期阶段的偏移电压
该链与真实信号无法区分。例如，如果
它高达400μV，比
最小的交流信号（50μV），可能会降低动态
这个数量的范围。通过使用全局
从最后一级到第一级的反馈路径，纠正了这一点
以与直流负反馈类似的方式进行偏移
在运算放大器周围。高频分量
必须去除信号，以防止高频增益降低
前进的道路。