一开始很混乱,慢慢看多几次,分享给大家,虽枯燥,坚持下去,发现了很多有趣的事情,发现lwip对于网络协议处理还是很简单的,,相比起tcpip,确实很轻量,为以后研究tcpip作铺垫吧,哈哈
err_t
ip4_input(struct pbuf *p, struct netif *inp)
{
const struct ip_hdr *iphdr;
struct netif *netif;
u16_t iphdr_hlen;
u16_t iphdr_len;
#if IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING || LWIP_IGMP
int check_ip_src = 1;
#endif /* IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING || LWIP_IGMP */
#if LWIP_RAW
raw_input_state_t raw_status;
#endif /* LWIP_RAW */
LWIP_ASSERT_CORE_LOCKED();
IP_STATS_INC(ip.recv);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinreceives);
/* identify the IP header */
iphdr = (struct ip_hdr *)p->payload; //传递进来的payload已经是处理好的IP数据包头了
if (IPH_V(iphdr) != 4) { //协议是否为IPv4
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING, ("IP packet dropped due to bad version number %"U16_F"\n", (u16_t)IPH_V(iphdr)));
ip4_debug_print(p);
pbuf_free(p);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.err);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinhdrerrors);
return ERR_OK;
}
#ifdef LWIP_HOOK_IP4_INPUT
if (LWIP_HOOK_IP4_INPUT(p, inp)) {
/* the packet has been eaten */
return ERR_OK;
}
#endif
/* obtain IP header length in bytes */
iphdr_hlen = IPH_HL_BYTES(iphdr); //IP数据报首部长度
/* obtain ip length in bytes */
iphdr_len = lwip_ntohs(IPH_LEN(iphdr)); //IP数据报总长度
/* Trim pbuf. This is especially required for packets < 60 bytes. */
if (iphdr_len < p->tot_len) { //实际长度小于pubf长度,需要调整 可能是因为有填充位
pbuf_realloc(p, iphdr_len); //裁剪
}
/* header length exceeds first pbuf length, or ip length exceeds total pbuf length? */ //长度检查
if ((iphdr_hlen > p->len) || (iphdr_len > p->tot_len) || (iphdr_hlen < IP_HLEN)) {
if (iphdr_hlen < IP_HLEN) {
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
("ip4_input: short IP header (%"U16_F" bytes) received, IP packet dropped\n", iphdr_hlen));
}
if (iphdr_hlen > p->len) {
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
("IP header (len %"U16_F") does not fit in first pbuf (len %"U16_F"), IP packet dropped.\n",
iphdr_hlen, p->len));
}
if (iphdr_len > p->tot_len) {
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
("IP (len %"U16_F") is longer than pbuf (len %"U16_F"), IP packet dropped.\n",
iphdr_len, p->tot_len));
}
/* free (drop) packet pbufs */
pbuf_free(p);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.lenerr);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipindiscards);
return ERR_OK;
}
/* verify checksum */
#if CHECKSUM_CHECK_IP
IF__NETIF_CHECKSUM_ENABLED(inp, NETIF_CHECKSUM_CHECK_IP) {
if (inet_chksum(iphdr, iphdr_hlen) != 0) {
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS,
("Checksum (0x%"X16_F") failed, IP packet dropped.\n", inet_chksum(iphdr, iphdr_hlen)));
ip4_debug_print(p);
pbuf_free(p);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.chkerr);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinhdrerrors);
return ERR_OK;
}
}
#endif
/* copy IP addresses to aligned ip_addr_t */
ip_addr_copy_from_ip4(ip_data.current_iphdr_dest, iphdr->dest); //复制IP数据报到ip_data结构体保存,可能是用于传输层的协议,暂时没看懂 mark
ip_addr_copy_from_ip4(ip_data.current_iphdr_src, iphdr->src);
/* match packet against an interface, i.e. is this packet for us? */
if (ip4_addr_ismulticast(ip4_current_dest_addr())) { //IP数据报里面的目的地址,多播包判断,是否为224.x.x.x,然后执行下面的IGMP,如果没开启,如果inp符合
#if LWIP_IGMP //=0
if ((inp->flags & NETIF_FLAG_IGMP) && (igmp_lookfor_group(inp, ip4_current_dest_addr()))) {
/* IGMP snooping switches need 0.0.0.0 to be allowed as source address (RFC 4541) */
ip4_addr_t allsystems;
IP4_ADDR(&allsystems, 224, 0, 0, 1);
if (ip4_addr_cmp(ip4_current_dest_addr(), &allsystems) &&
ip4_addr_isany(ip4_current_src_addr())) {
check_ip_src = 0;
}
netif = inp;
} else {
netif = NULL;
}
#else /* LWIP_IGMP */ //现在开始处理传进来的inp结构体,(判断该网卡是否已经开启,并且地址是否为0.0.0.0),这里能进来肯定是因为IP地址为多播地址
if ((netif_is_up(inp)) && (!ip4_addr_isany_val(*netif_ip4_addr(inp)))) {
netif = inp;
} else {
netif = NULL;
}
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */
} else { //不是多播, 然后判断IP数据包的地址是否为广播或者是独播,如果独播,则先判断形参传进来的inp,不合适再去找网卡列表其他的(当然前提要LWIP_SINGLE_NETIF==0(代表不只是只有一个网卡))
/* start trying with inp. if that's not acceptable, start walking the
list of configured netifs. */
if (ip4_input_accept(inp)) { //传进来的inp结构体,判断是否为广播包或者是发给inp的 ,比较的地址是 IP数据包的dest(目的地址) 和 传进来的netif mark
netif = inp; //accept,这里有可能是环回地址匹配了,根据下面的注释,如果inp设置为用作环回的网卡(127.x.x.x),则这里可以被设置成功
} else {
netif = NULL;
#if !LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK || LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF
/* Packets sent to the loopback address must not be accepted on an
* interface that does not have the loopback address assigned to it,
* unless a non-loopback interface is used for loopback traffic. */
if (!ip4_addr_isloopback(ip4_current_dest_addr())) //IP数据包的目的IP地址不能为回环地址,只能是传进来的形参inp作为回环网卡
#endif /* !LWIP_NETIF_LOOPBACK || LWIP_HAVE_LOOPIF */
{
#if !LWIP_SINGLE_NETIF
NETIF_FOREACH(netif) { //for循环,遍历netif_list ,寻找下一个网卡
if (netif == inp) {
/* we checked that before already */
continue; //刚刚已经判断过了,不合适
}
if (ip4_input_accept(netif)) {
break; //找到合适网卡了。 netif在遍历会指向accept通过的网卡了
}
}
#endif /* !LWIP_SINGLE_NETIF */
}
}
}
#if IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING
/* Pass DHCP messages regardless of destination address. DHCP traffic is addressed
* using link layer addressing (such as Ethernet MAC) so we must not filter on IP.
* According to RFC 1542 section 3.1.1, referred by RFC 2131).
*
* If you want to accept private broadcast communication while a netif is down,
* define LWIP_IP_ACCEPT_UDP_PORT(dst_port), e.g.:
*
* #define LWIP_IP_ACCEPT_UDP_PORT(dst_port) ((dst_port) == PP_NTOHS(12345))
*/
if (netif == NULL) {
/* remote port is DHCP server? */
if (IPH_PROTO(iphdr) == IP_PROTO_UDP) {
const struct udp_hdr *udphdr = (const struct udp_hdr *)((const u8_t *)iphdr + iphdr_hlen);
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("ip4_input: UDP packet to DHCP client port %"U16_F"\n",
lwip_ntohs(udphdr->dest)));
if (IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSED_PORT(udphdr->dest)) {
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("ip4_input: DHCP packet accepted.\n"));
netif = inp;
check_ip_src = 0;
}
}
}
#endif /* IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING */
/* broadcast or multicast packet source address? Compliant with RFC 1122: 3.2.1.3 */
#if LWIP_IGMP || IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING //多播包处理以后慢慢研究
if (check_ip_src
#if IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING
/* DHCP servers need 0.0.0.0 to be allowed as source address (RFC 1.1.2.2: 3.2.1.3/a) */
&& !ip4_addr_isany_val(*ip4_current_src_addr())
#endif /* IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING */
)
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP || IP_ACCEPT_LINK_LAYER_ADDRESSING */
{
if ((ip4_addr_isbroadcast(ip4_current_src_addr(), inp)) || //不支持多播情况下,如果是多播或者广播,直接删除P
(ip4_addr_ismulticast(ip4_current_src_addr()))) {
/* packet source is not valid */
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_WARNING, ("ip4_input: packet source is not valid.\n"));
/* free (drop) packet pbufs */
pbuf_free(p);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinaddrerrors);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipindiscards);
return ERR_OK;
}
}
/* packet not for us? */
if (netif == NULL) { //此时没合适的网卡,要么删除,要么转发
/* packet not for us, route or discard */
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_TRACE, ("ip4_input: packet not for us.\n"));
#if IP_FORWARD
/* non-broadcast packet? */
if (!ip4_addr_isbroadcast(ip4_current_dest_addr(), inp)) { //不是广播包,则尝试转发
/* try to forward IP packet on (other) interfaces */
ip4_forward(p, (struct ip_hdr *)p->payload, inp);
} else
#endif /* IP_FORWARD */
{
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinaddrerrors);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipindiscards);
}
pbuf_free(p); //否则没开启宏IP_FORWARD,直接删除
return ERR_OK;
}
/* packet consists of multiple fragments? */ //该包有分片 ,OFFSET不为0,并且更多分片标志为1
if ((IPH_OFFSET(iphdr) & PP_HTONS(IP_OFFMASK | IP_MF)) != 0) {
#if IP_REASSEMBLY /* packet fragment reassembly code present? */
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG, ("IP packet is a fragment (id=0x%04"X16_F" tot_len=%"U16_F" len=%"U16_F" MF=%"U16_F" offset=%"U16_F"), calling ip4_reass()\n",
lwip_ntohs(IPH_ID(iphdr)), p->tot_len, lwip_ntohs(IPH_LEN(iphdr)), (u16_t)!!(IPH_OFFSET(iphdr) & PP_HTONS(IP_MF)), (u16_t)((lwip_ntohs(IPH_OFFSET(iphdr)) & IP_OFFMASK) * 8)));
/* reassemble the packet*/
p = ip4_reass(p); //重组分片
/* packet not fully reassembled yet? */
if (p == NULL) {
return ERR_OK; //重组不成功,可能丢包
}
iphdr = (const struct ip_hdr *)p->payload; //记录重组后的P,一个完整的IP数据报,长度单位为字
#else /* IP_REASSEMBLY == 0, no packet fragment reassembly code present */ //不支持重组,就直接删除P
pbuf_free(p);
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("IP packet dropped since it was fragmented (0x%"X16_F") (while IP_REASSEMBLY == 0).\n",
lwip_ntohs(IPH_OFFSET(iphdr))));
IP_STATS_INC(ip.opterr);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
/* unsupported protocol feature */
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinunknownprotos);
return ERR_OK;
#endif /* IP_REASSEMBLY */
}
#if IP_OPTIONS_ALLOWED == 0 /* no support for IP options in the IP header? */
#if LWIP_IGMP
/* there is an extra "router alert" option in IGMP messages which we allow for but do not police */
if ((iphdr_hlen > IP_HLEN) && (IPH_PROTO(iphdr) != IP_PROTO_IGMP)) {
#else
if (iphdr_hlen > IP_HLEN) {
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("IP packet dropped since there were IP options (while IP_OPTIONS_ALLOWED == 0).\n"));
pbuf_free(p);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.opterr);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
/* unsupported protocol feature */
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinunknownprotos);
return ERR_OK;
}
#endif /* IP_OPTIONS_ALLOWED == 0 */
/* send to upper layers */
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG, ("ip4_input: \n"));
ip4_debug_print(p);
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG, ("ip4_input: p->len %"U16_F" p->tot_len %"U16_F"\n", p->len, p->tot_len));
ip_data.current_netif = netif;
ip_data.current_input_netif = inp;
ip_data.current_ip4_header = iphdr;
ip_data.current_ip_header_tot_len = IPH_HL_BYTES(iphdr); //保存起来,可能用于上层协议,上面注释有说
#if LWIP_RAW //无操作系统
/* raw input did not eat the packet? */
raw_status = raw_input(p, inp);
if (raw_status != RAW_INPUT_EATEN)
#endif /* LWIP_RAW */
{ //问题点1:以太网报头再这层被隐藏,但是后面的crc校验和结束标识还在,哪里处理了这个问题
pbuf_remove_header(p, iphdr_hlen); /* Move to payload, no check necessary. */ //头部移动,隐藏IP报头,这样更上层的协议就可以直接使用payload了
switch (IPH_PROTO(iphdr)) { //协议判断
#if LWIP_UDP
case IP_PROTO_UDP: //顾名思义
#if LWIP_UDPLITE
case IP_PROTO_UDPLITE:
#endif /* LWIP_UDPLITE */
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipindelivers);
udp_input(p, inp);
break;
#endif /* LWIP_UDP */
#if LWIP_TCP
case IP_PROTO_TCP:
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipindelivers);
tcp_input(p, inp);
break;
#endif /* LWIP_TCP */
#if LWIP_ICMP
case IP_PROTO_ICMP:
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipindelivers);
icmp_input(p, inp);
break;
#endif /* LWIP_ICMP */
#if LWIP_IGMP
case IP_PROTO_IGMP:
igmp_input(p, inp, ip4_current_dest_addr());
break;
#endif /* LWIP_IGMP */
default:
#if LWIP_RAW
if (raw_status == RAW_INPUT_DELIVERED) {
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipindelivers);
} else
#endif /* LWIP_RAW */
{
#if LWIP_ICMP
/* send ICMP destination protocol unreachable unless is was a broadcast */
if (!ip4_addr_isbroadcast(ip4_current_dest_addr(), netif) &&
!ip4_addr_ismulticast(ip4_current_dest_addr())) {
pbuf_header_force(p, (s16_t)iphdr_hlen); /* Move to ip header, no check necessary. */
icmp_dest_unreach(p, ICMP_DUR_PROTO);
}
#endif /* LWIP_ICMP */
LWIP_DEBUGF(IP_DEBUG | LWIP_DBG_LEVEL_SERIOUS, ("Unsupported transport protocol %"U16_F"\n", (u16_t)IPH_PROTO(iphdr)));
IP_STATS_INC(ip.proterr);
IP_STATS_INC(ip.drop);
MIB2_STATS_INC(mib2.ipinunknownprotos);
}
pbuf_free(p); //递交完毕,释放P,可能只是ref减1而已,因为上层还在引用着
break;
}
}
/* @todo: this is not really necessary... */ //清空ip_data结构体,注释说不是必须的
ip_data.current_netif = NULL;
ip_data.current_input_netif = NULL;
ip_data.current_ip4_header = NULL;
ip_data.current_ip_header_tot_len = 0;
ip4_addr_set_any(ip4_current_src_addr());
ip4_addr_set_any(ip4_current_dest_addr());
return ERR_OK;
}