mysql errno 13_MySQL启动故障处理一例（errno13）_MySQL

之前在系统上装了个MySQL用于测试，今天发现启动mysqld_safe进程的时候报错,如下所示：

[root@bak local]# mysqld_safe &

[1] 2631

[root@bak local]# Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data

STOPPING server from pid file /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/bak.pid

141017 09:20:23 mysqld ended

[1]+ Done mysqld_safe

由于我的my.cnf并没有改名，使用的是默认的/etc/my.cnf这个位置，因此mysqld_safe &可以不用指定任何参数，需要的参数已经在my.cnf中指定了，如果使用的my.cnf位置不在/etc/下面，或者改过了自定义的名字，那么需要用--defaults-file参数来指定my.cnf文件的位置

[root@bak local]# cd /data/mysql/mysql_3306/logs/

[root@bak logs]# ll

total 0

查看日志，并没有任何binlog生成，这里说明一下，这个环境是从原来的一台主机上clone过来的，clone完以后没有启动过MySQL,我想可能是因为这个缘故

[root@bak mysql_3306]# cd /usr/local

[root@bak local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

[root@bak local]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

[root@bak local]# ll

total 76

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 25 11:39 bin

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 432 Oct 17 09:20 error.log

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 etc

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 games

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 include

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 lib

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 libexec

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 38 Sep 24 00:12 mysql -> /opt/mysql/mysql-5.5.39-linux2.6-i686/

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 sbin

drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql 502 4096 Aug 25 11:39 share

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Sep 23 20:34 src

[root@bak local]# id mysql

uid=501(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)

mysql用户id为501，但不知为何显示的是mysql 502的形式，而不是mysql mysql

开始以为是因为/usr/local/mysql这个目录是root:root的缘故，但改为mysql:mysql后，依然无法启动

[root@bak data]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local

[root@bak data]# cd /usr/local

[root@bak local]# ll

total 76

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 25 11:39 bin

-rw-rw---- 1 mysql root 432 Oct 17 09:20 error.log

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 etc

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 games

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 include

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 lib

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 libexec

lrwxrwxrwx 1 mysql mysql 38 Sep 24 00:12 mysql -> /opt/mysql/mysql-5.5.39-linux2.6-i686/

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Aug 8 2008 sbin

drwxr-xr-x 5 mysql 502 4096 Aug 25 11:39 share

drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql 502 4096 Sep 23 20:34 src

[root@bak local]# mysqld_safe &

[1] 2692

[root@bak local]# Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data

[root@bak local]# mysql

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)

报了一个无法通过socket连接到服务器，于是想是不是应该在client项目中添加socket=/tmp/mysql.sock这个参数

--先查看下原来有的配置

[root@bak local]# cat /etc/my.cnf

[client]

port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysqld_safe]

open_files_limit = 8192

user = mysql

log-error = error.log

...省略以下部分

看来client总已经指定了socket，应该不是这个问题，要判断问题出在哪里，最直接都就是查看error.log文件，由于我在my.cnf参数中指定了error.log的位置，放在了数据文件目录下，并更改了名字。如果没有改，默认的名字为.error

[root@bak local]# cat /data/mysql/mysql_3306/data/error.log

141017 9:24:53 [Warning] Using unique option prefix myisam_recover instead of myisam-recover-options is deprecated and will be removed in a future release. Please use

the full name instead.

141017 9:24:53 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.

/usr/libexec/mysqld: Table 'mysql.plugin' doesn't exist

141017 9:24:53 [ERROR] Can't open the mysql.plugin table. Please run mysql_upgrade to create it.

141017 9:24:53 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled

141017 9:24:53 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use InnoDB's own implementation

141017 9:24:53 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3

141017 9:24:53 InnoDB: Using Linux native AIO

141017 9:24:53 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M

141017 9:24:53 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool

InnoDB: The first specified data file ./ibdata1 did not exist:

InnoDB: a new database to be created!

141017 9:24:53 InnoDB: Setting file ./ibdata1 size to 100 MB

InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...

InnoDB: Progress in MB: 100

141017 9:24:58 InnoDB: Log file ./ib_logfile0 did not exist: new to be created

InnoDB: Setting log file ./ib_logfile0 size to 100 MB

InnoDB: Database physically writes the file full: wait...

InnoDB: