1. lsblk查看硬盘信息
# lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 894.3G 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 1G 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 4G 0 part
│ └─centos-swap 253:0 0 4G 0 lvm
└─sda3 8:3 0 889.3G 0 part /
sdb 8:16 0 3.7T 0 disk /data01
sdc 8:32 0 3.7T 0 disk /data02
sdd 8:48 0 3.7T 0 disk /data03
sde 8:64 0 3.7T 0 disk /data04
sdf 8:80 0 3.7T 0 disk /data05
sdg 8:96 0 3.7T 0 disk /data06
sdh 8:112 0 3.7T 0 disk /data07
sdi 8:128 0 3.7T 0 disk /data08
sdj 8:144 0 3.7T 0 disk /data09
sdk 8:160 0 3.7T 0 disk /data10
sdl 8:176 0 3.7T 0 disk /data11
sdm 8:192 0 3.7T 0 disk /data12
2.磁盘分区
sdb~sdm都是原始盘状态,需要先对物理盘进行分区
# fdisk /dev/sdb
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xfc7efbeb.
WARNING: The size of this disk is 4.0 TB (4000787030016 bytes).
DOS partition table format can not be used on drives for volumes
larger than (2199023255040 bytes) for 512-byte sectors. Use parted(1) and GUID
partition table format (GPT).
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1):
First sector (2048-4294967295, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-4294967294, default 4294967294):
Using default value 4294967294
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 2 TiB is set
Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris
1 FAT12 27 Hidden NTFS Win 82 Linux swap / So c1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
3 XENIX usr 3c PartitionMagic 84 OS/2 hidden C: c6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
4 FAT16 <32M 40 Venix 80286 85 Linux extended c7 Syrinx
5 Extended 41 PPC PReP Boot 86 NTFS volume set da Non-FS data
6 FAT16 42 SFS 87 NTFS volume set db CP/M / CTOS / .
7 HPFS/NTFS/exFAT 4d QNX4.x 88 Linux plaintext de Dell Utility
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
9 AIX bootable 4f QNX4.x 3rd part 93 Amoeba e1 DOS access
a OS/2 Boot Manag 50 OnTrack DM 94 Amoeba BBT e3 DOS R/O
b W95 FAT32 51 OnTrack DM6 Aux 9f BSD/OS e4 SpeedStor
c W95 FAT32 (LBA) 52 CP/M a0 IBM Thinkpad hi eb BeOS fs
e W95 FAT16 (LBA) 53 OnTrack DM6 Aux a5 FreeBSD ee GPT
f W95 Ext'd (LBA) 54 OnTrackDM6 a6 OpenBSD ef EFI (FAT-12/16/
10 OPUS 55 EZ-Drive a7 NeXTSTEP f0 Linux/PA-RISC b
11 Hidden FAT12 56 Golden Bow a8 Darwin UFS f1 SpeedStor
12 Compaq diagnost 5c Priam Edisk a9 NetBSD f4 SpeedStor
14 Hidden FAT16 <3 61 SpeedStor ab Darwin boot f2 DOS secondary
16 Hidden FAT16 63 GNU HURD or Sys af HFS / HFS+ fb VMware VMFS
17 Hidden HPFS/NTF 64 Novell Netware b7 BSDI fs fc VMware VMKCORE
18 AST SmartSleep 65 Novell Netware b8 BSDI swap fd Linux raid auto
1b Hidden W95 FAT3 70 DiskSecure Mult bb Boot Wizard hid fe LANstep
1c Hidden W95 FAT3 75 PC/IX be Solaris boot ff BBT
1e Hidden W95 FAT1 80 Old Minix
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help):
# 命令1 新建分区 n
分区类型
p 主分区 (0个主分区,0个扩展分区,4空闲)
e 扩展分区 (逻辑分区容器)
# 命令2 设置为主分区 选择 (默认 p):p
分区号 (1-4, 默认 1):
第一个扇区 (2048-3750748847, 默认 2048):
最后一个扇区,+/-sectors 或 +size{K,M,G,T,P} (2048-3750748847, 默认 3750748847):
# 这一些默认就可以 创建了一个新分区 1,类型为“Linux”
# 命令3 更换磁盘类型 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):t
已选择分区 1
L查看磁盘类型代码Hex值
# 命令4 lvm
使用的代号是8e 已将分区“Linux”的类型更改为“Linux LVM”。
# 命令5 保存修改配置. 命令(输入 m 获取帮助):w
分区表已调整。
将调用 ioctl() 来重新读分区表。
正在同步磁盘。
/dev/sdc同样操作。
3. 创建PV、VG
创建pv
pvcreate /dev/sdb
pvcreate /dev/sdc
#lsblk
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sdb 8:16 0 3.7T 0 disk
└─sdb1 8:17 0 3.7T 0 part
sdc 8:32 0 3.7T 0 disk
└─sdc1 8:33 0 3.7T 0 part
创建vg
vgcreate sw_ssd /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdc1
可以查看vg的信息:
vgdisplay sw_ssd
--- Volume group ---
VG Name sw_ssd
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size <7.18 TiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1373562
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 1373562 / <7.18 TiB
VG UUID AalcfI-tW0K-sjrk-m9dA-u14l-UKTi-vzcT8l
4.创建逻辑卷LV
lvcreate -l 100%VG -n sw_lv sw_ssd
# 命令解析:
-n 设置新的逻辑卷名
-A 设置逻辑卷的可用性
-m 创建一个镜像逻辑卷
-c 设置快照逻辑卷的块大小
-C 设置逻辑卷的连续分配策略
-p 设置逻辑卷的访问权限
-i 设置条带数量
-r 设置逻辑卷的超前读取扇区数
-l 设置逻辑卷的大小(PE个数)
-s 为指定的逻辑卷创建快照卷
-L 设置逻辑卷的大小(容量值) ,单位为“kKmMgGtT”字节
-T 创建精简逻辑卷
lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/sw_ssd/sw_lv
LV Name sw_lv
VG Name sw_ssd
LV UUID owTM2i-AchR-XKZ4-QBfs-CdUL-FeO8-gpz4Ys
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2023-06-18 13:11:15 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size <5.24 TiB
Current LE 1373562
Segments 3
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 253:0
5. 创建文件系统以及挂载
mkfs.xfs /dev/sw_ssd/sw_lv
感觉可以多次进行验证了 先创建为xfs文件系统
mkdir -p /data
# 将lv挂载到/data中
mount /dev/sw_ssd/sw_lv /data
# 设置开机自动挂载
vim /etc/fstab
# 增加一行
/dev/sw_ssd/sw_lv /data xfs defaults 0 0
6. 修改文件类型的方法
fuser -mv /data
# 将正在使用的进程关掉.
umount /data
# 取消挂载
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sw_ssd/sw_lv
# 如果需要使用这个文件系统, 那么需要修改 fstab文件.
mount /dev/sw_ssd/sw_lv /data
# 验证修改后的文件系统:
[root@localhost deploy]# df -Th
文件系统 类型 容量 已用 可用 已用% 挂载点
devtmpfs devtmpfs 77G 0 77G 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 127G 24K 127G 1% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 127G 6.6M 127G 1% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 127G 0 127G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sdd3 xfs 1.1T 21G 1.1T 2% /
tmpfs tmpfs 127G 16K 127G 1% /tmp
/dev/sdd1 ext3 976M 197M 728M 22% /boot
/dev/sdd4 xfs 671G 4.0G 667G 1% /home
/dev/sdd5 xfs 30G 12G 19G 39% /backup
tmpfs tmpfs 26G 0 26G 0% /run/user/990
tmpfs tmpfs 26G 0 26G 0% /run/user/0
/dev/mapper/sw_ssd-sw_lv ext4 7.4T 60M 7.38T 0% /data