vector迭代器失效问题（增删改）(push_back,pop_back,erase,clear)

Vector迭代器增、删、改导致的literator失效问题

增

capacity不足

当vector插入数据后，超过容量的情况

• 例子

//capacity()不足，在末尾添加元素
void showInfo(vector<int> &v) {
	cout << "Capacity:" << v.capacity() << endl;
	cout << "Size:" << v.size() << endl;
	cout << "vector:(value,pos)"
		<<"\t";
	for (auto& a : v) {  
		cout <<"("<< a <<"," << &a << ")"
			<< "\t";
	}
	cout << endl
		<< "iterator:(value,pos)"
		<< "\t";
	cout << "(" << *i1 << "," << &(*i1) << ")"
		<< "\t";
	cout << "(" << *i2 << "," << &(*i2) << ")"
		<< "\t";
	cout << "(" << *i3 << "," << &(*i3) << ")"  //解引用后迭代器是未定义的
		<< "\t" << endl;
	cout << endl;
}
void test() {
	vector<int> v = { 1,2};
	i1=v.begin();
	i2=++v.begin();
	i3=v.end();
	cout << "尾部插入前&