1. 安装 CUDA
和 cudnn
- 安装
CUDA
- 查看显卡信息,下载对应的cuda,点击这里下载
> [各个版本](https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda-toolkit-archive) <br>
>
> 最高的版本:低事实最高版本一个级别
![](/images/posts/python/12.png)
> 最好低最高版本低几个版本。
- 安装cuda,勾掉以下3个:
NVIDIA Geforce Experience ……
CUDA
下Visual Studio ……
driver ……
下display driver
- 其他默认即可
- 注意:版本对照等重要信息见文末的参考资料
问题:我的显卡比10.1大,但是没问题,
- 安装
cudnn
- 下载和
CUDA
对应的版本(建议不要下载最新的,看好官方文档在决定下载哪个)点击这里下载 - 解压
- 该文件名为
cudnn
- 复制到目录:
C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v10.2
下
- 下载和
- 添加环境变量,详见参考资料
2. 安装 Tensorflow
- 安装
Tensorflow-cpu
版:pip install --upgrade tensorflow
- 安装
Tensorflow-gpu
版:pip install --upgrade tensorflow-gpu
3. 报错
- 报错信息:
Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module(mname) File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。 During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module> from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module> _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal') File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal' During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module> from tensorflow.python import * File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 51, in <module> from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 52, in <module> raise ImportError(msg) ImportError: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 18, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module(mname) File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 666, in _load_unlocked File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 577, in module_from_spec File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 906, in create_module File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed ImportError: DLL load failed: 找不到指定的模块。 During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 41, in <module> from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import * File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 21, in <module> _pywrap_tensorflow_internal = swig_import_helper() File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 20, in swig_import_helper return importlib.import_module('_pywrap_tensorflow_internal') File "C:\Users\toy\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\importlib\__init__.py", line 126, in import_module return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level) ImportError: No module named '_pywrap_tensorflow_internal' Failed to load the native TensorFlow runtime. See https://www.tensorflow.org/install/install_sources#common_installation_problems for some common reasons and solutions. Include the entire stack trace above this error message when asking for help.
- 安装
vs2019
即可: - 选中:
通用 Windows 平台开发
.NET 桌面开发
ASP.NET 和 Web开发
4. 检测是不是用的 GPU
:
tf.test.is_gpu_available()
- 如下:
from tensorflow.python.client import device_lib
print(device_lib.list_local_devices())
参考视频 1kc2
安装文件 qlgj
-
安装
CUDA
-
查看显卡信息
$ nvidia-smi
会得到以下信息:
[外链图片转存失败,源站可能有防盗链机制,建议将图片保存下来直接上传(img-HwaRSVXa-1614780929519)(/images/posts/ubuntu/1.png)]
其中:版本 显卡驱动 450.51.05 cuda 11.0 Note:
- 若没有安装过NVIDIA,那么
nvidia-smi
会报错,可直接安装cuda,因为cuda会自动安装显卡驱动 - 若安装完cuda,
nvidia-smi
仍报错,那么重启就可以了。
- 若没有安装过NVIDIA,那么
-
下载cuda 点击这里下载
注意:选择和自己系统相匹配的(在下安装的是11.0)
网站会给出相应的安装命令,如下:
wget https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64/cuda-ubuntu1804.pin sudo mv cuda-ubuntu1804.pin /etc/apt/preferences.d/cuda-repository-pin-600 wget http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/11.0.2/local_installers/cuda-repo-ubuntu1804-11-0-local_11.0.2-450.51.05-1_amd64.deb sudo dpkg -i cuda-repo-ubuntu1804-11-0-local_11.0.2-450.51.05-1_amd64.deb sudo apt-key add /var/cuda-repo-ubuntu1804-11-0-local/7fa2af80.pub sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get -y install cuda
Note: 若
wget http://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/11.0.2/local_installers/cuda-repo-ubuntu1804-11-0-local_11.0.2-450.51.05-1_amd64.deb
下载太慢,那么用浏览器打开wget
后面的网址即可浏览器下载。
-
-
添加
cudnn
环境变量-
下载
Note: 一定要下载与cuda相对应的版本,如:
cuDNN Library for Linux (x86_64)
-
配置环境变量
-
在
.bashrc
添加如下:export PATH="/usr/local/<cuda-11.0>/bin/:$PATH" export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="/home/<你的用户名>/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" # cudnn解压的路径
-
-
-
查看cuda和cudnn是否安装成功
nvcc -V
如果安装成功会得到以下信息:
nvcc: NVIDIA (R) Cuda compiler driver Copyright (c) 2005-2020 NVIDIA Corporation Built on Thu_Jun_11_22:26:38_PDT_2020 Cuda compilation tools, release 11.0, V11.0.194 Build cuda_11.0_bu.TC445_37.28540450_0
-
安装
tensorflow
点击这里查看github教程Note:
最好使用科学上网 -
检测
tensorflow-gpu
是否安装成功import tensorflow as tf print(tf.test.is_gpu_available())