双CAN、一路485开发板的设计
最近工作经常会出现一些小问题。就想设计一款带CAN的开发板用来测试代码,于是就设计了一款双CAN带一路485的开发板。 此篇文章是关于开发板的设计方案。
开发板配置
- 双路CAN通信
- 一路485通信(两路串口可选)
- 一个EEPROM存储
- 三个LED指示灯
- 三个按键
- 其余所有IO口引出
器件选型
主控采用了国产兆易的GD互联型芯片,有两路CAN通信,CAN采用目前比较流程TJA1057方案。以下是主要的器件选型:
- 主控MCU :GD32F105RBT6;
- CAN芯片:TJA1057T;
- 485芯片:MAX3485ESA;
- EEPROM芯片:AT24C128;
- 电源芯片芯片:ASM1117-3.3V;
CAN设计
硬件设计
CAN设计采用TJA1057T设计,由于TJA1057T是5V芯片,需要在Rx到单片机采用一个电压转换电路。为了节省成本,我们采用一个分压电阻,将电压调试到3.3V。设计还并联了一个120欧的匹配电阻,和一个跳线帽串联起来,用户可以通过跳线帽先择是否接入120电阻。这题设计如图所示。
软件设计
CAN波特率计算:波特率 = APB1频率 / CAN分频 / (BS1 + BS2 +1);
这里初始化采用的是掩码模式,掩码中设置的为1时,报文ID为必须匹配,掩码为0时报文ID为无关紧要。例如ID为:0x18FF1111。当掩码设置为0x1FFF FFFF时。只有接收到0x18FF1111才会通过滤波进入CAN接收中断。当掩码设置为0x1FFFFFFE时,可以接收到0x18FF1110和0x18FF1111。
void SysInit_CAN(void)
{
/* CANs configuration */
CAN_Config();
/* IT Configuration for CAN1 */
can_interrupt_enable(CAN0, ENABLE);
can_interrupt_enable(CAN1, ENABLE);
}
/*CAN初始化*/
void CAN_Config(void)
{
uint32_t id ;
can_parameter_struct CAN_InitStructure;
can_filter_parameter_struct CAN_FilterInitStructure;
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_GPIOA);
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_GPIOB);
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_CAN0);
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_CAN1);
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_AF);
/* Configure CAN1 RX pin */
gpio_pin_remap_config(GPIO_CAN0_PARTIAL_REMAP, ENABLE);
gpio_init(GPIOB, GPIO_MODE_IPU, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_8);
gpio_init(GPIOB, GPIO_MODE_AF_PP, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_9);
gpio_init(GPIOB, GPIO_MODE_IPU, GPIO_OSPEED_10MHZ, GPIO_PIN_12);
gpio_init(GPIOB, GPIO_MODE_AF_PP, GPIO_OSPEED_10MHZ, GPIO_PIN_13);
/* Configure CAN1 TX pin */
/* CAN1 and CAN2 register init */
can_deinit(CAN0);
can_deinit(CAN1);
/* initialize CAN */
CAN_InitStructure.time_triggered = DISABLE;
CAN_InitStructure.auto_bus_off_recovery = ENABLE;
CAN_InitStructure.auto_wake_up = DISABLE;
CAN_InitStructure.auto_retrans = DISABLE;
CAN_InitStructure.rec_fifo_overwrite = DISABLE;
CAN_InitStructure.trans_fifo_order = DISABLE;
CAN_InitStructure.working_mode = CAN_NORMAL_MODE;
CAN_InitStructure.resync_jump_width = CAN_BT_SJW_1TQ;
CAN_InitStructure.time_segment_1 = CAN_BT_BS1_6TQ;
CAN_InitStructure.time_segment_2 = CAN_BT_BS2_1TQ;
/* baudrate 250K bps */
CAN_InitStructure.prescaler = 6;
can_init(CAN0, &CAN_InitStructure);
CAN_InitStructure.prescaler = 6;
can_init(CAN1, &CAN_InitStructure);
/* initialize filter */
id = 0x18ffffff;//需过滤的EXT_ID
/* CAN0 filter number */
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_number = 0;
/* initialize filter */
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_mode = CAN_FILTERMODE_MASK;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_bits = CAN_FILTERBITS_32BIT;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_list_high = (((u32)id <<3)&0xFFFF0000)>>16;;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_list_low = (((u32)id <<3)|CAN_FF_STANDARD|CAN_FF_EXTENDED)&0xFFFF;;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_mask_high = 0x0000;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_mask_low = 0x0000;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_fifo_number = CAN_FIFO0;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_enable = ENABLE;
can_filter_init(&CAN_FilterInitStructure);
/* initialize filter */
id = 0x18ffffff;//需过滤的EXT_ID
/* CAN0 filter number */
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_number = 15;
/* initialize filter */
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_mode = CAN_FILTERMODE_MASK;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_bits = CAN_FILTERBITS_32BIT;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_list_high = (((u32)id <<3)&0xFFFF0000)>>16;;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_list_low = (((u32)id <<3)|CAN_FF_STANDARD|CAN_FF_EXTENDED)&0xFFFF;;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_mask_high = 0x0000;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_mask_low = 0x0000;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_fifo_number = CAN_FIFO0;
CAN_FilterInitStructure.filter_enable = ENABLE;
can_filter_init(&CAN_FilterInitStructure);
can_interrupt_enable(CAN0, CAN_INT_RFNE0);
can_interrupt_enable(CAN1, CAN_INT_RFNE0);
}
/*CAN0接收中断*/
void CAN0_RX0_IRQHandler(void)
{
Init_RxMes(&RxMessage);
can_message_receive(CAN0, CAN_FIFO0, &RxMessage);
CAN0_RXData();
}
/*CAN1接收中断*/
void CAN1_RX0_IRQHandler(void)
{
Init_RxMes(&RxMessage);
can_message_receive(CAN1, CAN_FIFO0, &RxMessage);
CAN1_RXData();
}
485设计
485硬件设计采用了自动收发报文的设计。具体实现方案可以自行百度搜索。
硬件设计
软件设计
软件就是一般的串口初始化。
/*IO口初始化*/
void usart_init(void)
{
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_GPIOA);
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_AF);
rcu_periph_clock_enable(RCU_USART0);
gpio_init(GPIOA, GPIO_MODE_AF_PP, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_9);
gpio_init(GPIOA, GPIO_MODE_IN_FLOATING, GPIO_OSPEED_50MHZ, GPIO_PIN_10);
usart_deinit(USART0);
usart_baudrate_set(USART0, 9600);
usart_word_length_set(USART0, USART_WL_8BIT);
usart_stop_bit_set(USART0, USART_STB_1BIT);
usart_parity_config(USART0, USART_PM_NONE);
usart_hardware_flow_rts_config(USART0, USART_RTS_DISABLE);
usart_hardware_flow_cts_config(USART0, USART_CTS_DISABLE);
usart_receive_config(USART0, USART_RECEIVE_ENABLE);
usart_transmit_config(USART0, USART_TRANSMIT_ENABLE);
usart_enable(USART0);
usart_interrupt_enable(USART0, USART_INT_RBNE);
nvic_irq_enable(USART0_IRQn,1,2);
}
/* retarget the C library printf function to the usart */
int fputc(int ch, FILE *f)
{
usart_data_transmit(USART0, (uint8_t) ch);
while (RESET == usart_flag_get(USART0, USART_FLAG_TBE));
return ch;
}
/*串口0接收中断*/
void USART0_IRQHandler(void)
{
uint16_t data;
if(RESET != usart_interrupt_flag_get(USART0, USART_INT_FLAG_RBNE))
{
/* receive data */
data = usart_data_receive(USART0);
usart_data_receive(USART0);
}
}
其他设计
LED硬件
硬件LED采用的是共阴极,IO口驱动的话输出高电平LED点亮。
按键硬件
硬件按键采用的是监测地。配置IO口时要配置为上拉输入。当IO口监测到低电平时表示按键按下。
PCB板子和实物图
开发板测试视频
板子焊接好后,按照如图所示插上相应的跳线帽,通过5VType-C口给模块供电。测试代码固件烧录进去之后,三个LED点亮,其中一个LED0.5HZ频率闪烁。按下按键后,相应的LED灯切换状态。串口波特率为9600,并且每1秒输出
Shiboven PCB-018 测试固件 V1.0 CAN测试请使用5VUSB供电。两路CAN波特率都为250k
。两路CAN都是250K波特率并每1秒输出一路为:ID0x12345678,另一路为0x17654321。
注意:CANH、CANL别接反了。485A、485B也别接反了!!!
双CAN+一路485演示视频演示视频
其他资料
资料包中有硬件软件源码及其他资料。包括一堆CAN资料包。