2020.12.6
前言
这篇词汇是通关4级系列的最后一篇文章了，完结撒花★,°:.☆(￣▽￣)/$:.°★
更多相关文章点击阅读
通关4级之阅读理解
通关4级之听力
通关4级之写作
通关4级之翻译
通关4级之词汇
点赞和评论超过20，橙子会把2020新版四六级课程百度网盘链接放在文章中免费分享给大家😊
年轻人不要不讲武德，进来了点个赞再走啊！
希望大家46级都能稳过，哈哈哈
橙子8号一整天几乎都用来码这篇文章了，路过的小伙伴记得点赞👍啊
（2021.02.26更：
今天四六级出分了，橙子终于可以准备6级了，哈哈哈，希望通关4级系列文章可以帮到大家，希望跟着橙子复习的小伙伴也都可以过过过，接下来橙子也会更新通关6级系列，大家一起加油鸭！)
考情了解
4级分数分布
- 听力：35%
- 阅读：35%
- 写作+翻译：30%
高考大纲要求3500词，四级大纲要求4500词，六级6000，考研5500，雅思托福8000左右，这里给出数据，方便大家有个初步定位
常见误区：
- 不费脑子只费时间硬背
- 不要按照字母顺序硬背单词
而要
- 细分类
- 学套路
背单词顺序
- 3象限→4→2→1
- 3.4一共2800词
- 2 – 900词
- 1-- 800词
单词削减学习法
一个学习数学的同学也不是每天都要复习一下四则运算才开始学习，那些确定掌握的单词就去掉吧
2020.12.7
简单词与固定搭配
名作动（人体结构）
- stomach n.胃 vt.忍受；吃下
- head vt.前进，朝向，出发
- eye vt.注视，看
- mouth vt.做作地说，装腔作势地说
- hand vt.传递，交给；支持；搀扶
栗子
- He headed for the unknown path in the woods.
- The students handed their teacher the final-tern assignment.
名作动（器皿/地点）
- bottle v.装瓶
- bag v.私吞，侵占
- park v.停车
- room v.居住，寄宿
- place v.放置，任命
栗子
- Tom must manage to bag a couple of seats in the library before weekend.
- She rooms in an old boarding house.
名作动（工具/物件）
- knife v.划破，刺
- hammer v.锤击，敲打
- cost v.覆盖表面
- bar v.阻拦
- milk v.榨取，挤奶
- name v.命名
栗子
- These issues can bar employees from completing missions on time.
- Once you have a large market share you should milk it.
- Please name the day for our wedding.
名作动（特殊人群/动物）
- father v.创立，创造
- man v.配置，安排人手
- dog v.跟踪，尾随
- pilot v.驾驶飞机
- fool v.愚弄
栗子
- He was dogged by the severe lung disease for his whole life.
- Soldiers manned every roadblock and cross in the capital city.
- He piloted his own plane part of the way to Washington.
名作动（交通方式）
- bike v.骑车
- ship v.用船运
- email v.发电子邮件
- pipe v.管道运输
栗子
- I biked home from the beach.
- The compang ships its goods all over the world.
- The heated gas is piped through a large machine.
2020.12.8
名词的特殊含义（熟词僻义）
A-F
apple 心肝宝贝；掌上明珠
- Penny’s only son was the apple of her eye.
class
- n.班；班级；课；上课；（某科目的）系列课程
- v.把…归入某等级；把…看作
- middle ~ 中产阶级
- lower ~
- upper ~
address
- n.地址
- v.解决，处理
- We must address ourselves to the problem of traffic pollution.
account
- n.账户，户头
- v.解释，说明，叙述
account for sth
- 是…的说明（或原因）
- The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd.
air
- n.氛围
- The air was heavy between them.
- v.播出，播送
- The program aired last week.
apply
- v.应用；涂；敷；施
- In this way they can better apply theory to practice.
- The bast way to use shaving cream is to apply it,then wait a couple minutes before shaving.
approach
- v.靠近，接近
- n.方式，方法，态度
- To summarize,this is a clever approach to a common problem.
article
- n.文章，论文，报道条款，项；物件；物品
- The country appears to be violating several articles of the convention.
- The cost of this article includes packaging.
beam
- n.光线
- v.笑容满面；眉开眼笑
- She was positively beaming with pleasure.
better
- the better part of 绝大部分；多数
- It cost the better part of his pay.
- better off 境况（尤指经济的）较好的
- They would be far better off,materially and emotionally,if they all pulled together.
board
- n.板；董事会，委员会，理事会
- v.上船，登记
- The Scottish Tourist Board said 33,000 Japanese visited Scotland last year.
- I boarded the plane bound for English.
bridge
- v.在…建桥，架桥与，跨过，度过
- bridge the gap 缩小差距
- Actually,information techology can bridge the gap between the poor and the rich.
cap
-
n.便帽；上限
-
The government has placed a cap on local council spending.
cause -
n.原因；起因；事业，目标，思想
-
Refusing to have a clear target has not helped the cause.
chair
- n.椅子
- v.担任主席；主持
- He was about to chair a meeting of EU foreign ministers.
charge
- n.要价，收费；指控；控告；指责；谴责
- v.要价；控告；起诉，充电
- Even local nurseries charge ￡ 100 a week.
- He is in charge of the civilian side of the UN missior.
coat
- n.外套；外衣
- v.给…涂上一层；（用…）覆盖
- The front door needs a new coat of paint.
company
- n.公司；商号；陪伴；做伴
- He liked to walk too,so we kept each other’s company.
- Saudi Arabia, in company with some other Gulf oil states, is concerned to avoid any repetition of the two oil price shocks of the 1970s.
context
- n.背景，环境，来龙去脉；上下文；语境
- This speech needs to be set in the context of Britain in the 1960s.
corner
- n.角；墙角；壁角
- v.使（人或动物）走投无路；逼…入绝境
- The man was finally cornered by police in a garage.
- cut the corner 走捷径；抄近道
- turn the corner （患病时期）转危为安，脱离危险；渡过难关
cover
- v.掩蔽，覆盖；撒上；报道；保险
- She’s covering the party’s annual conference.
- Are you fully covered for fire and theft?
credit
- n.信用
- v.把…归于
- The invention of the industrial robot is credited to the company.
- give credit to 相信，归功于
- You should not give credit to everything you hear.
- to sb’s credit 使值得赞扬；使受尊重
- To his crddit, Jack never told anyone exactly what had happened.
drill
- n.钻；练习；训练
- The teacher runs them through a drill - the way of communicating with others.
duty
- n.职责，义务；税收
- duty-free 免税
- sugar-free 无糖
- fat-free 无脂
- The duty imposed by a government on imported goods.
employ
- v.雇佣；应用；运用；使用
- Many different consumer and social media environments employ the technique.
- be employed in doing sth 从事与，忙于（做某事）
- She was employed in making a list of all the jobs to be done.
firm
- n.商行；商号；公司
- adj.坚固的；坚硬的；结实的
- The firm’s employees were expecting large bounses.
G-M
game
- n.游戏，竞赛，诡计，猎物
- war-game 演习
- The mother saw through the boy’s game and kept him in the house all day.
- The hunters stayed in the woods all day in quest of game.
ground
- n.地面，战场，基础
- Early experiments with military rockets prepared the ground for space travel.
- on the ground 当场；在现场
- There’s a lot of support for the policy on the ground.
- on the ground of 以…为理由
- No plea can be set up on the ground of ignorance.
hit
- n.很受欢迎的人（或事物）
- Manager and company realized she had made a hit.
- 800 warriors becauses a hit this summer.
a host of
- He was a gentle, sensitive, lovable man who will be missed by a host of friends.
hunger
- v.渴望
- hunger for/after sth./sb. 渴望得到，渴求
- But the hunger for liberty is strong, and it is not confined to any time or place.
keep
- n.生活必需品；生活费用；城堡主楼
- earn one’s keep 谋生
- He doesn’t do enough to earn his keep.
key 关键，要点
- The driver of the car probably holds the key to solving the crime.
launch
- n.（航天器的）发射；（事件的）发起
- Paris was the first city in the world to launch a car-free campaign in 1998.
live
- v.住；居住；生存；活着；（尤指在某时期）活着
- adj.活的；现场直播的
- It was the first interview I’d done in front of a live audience.
long for 渴望
- Senior citizens long for a more predictable and secure future.
at length 详细的
- They spoke at length, reviewing the entire incident.
mean
- adj.吝啬的；小气的
- n.中间；中庸；折中；平均数；平均值
- It is an estimate of the mean of the population.
means
- n.方式；方法；途径
- Fiction writing as a means of living is no easy task.
might
- n.强大力量；威力
- The might of the army could prove a decisive factor.
- A person’s ability is limited, but a team’s might is infinite.
minute
- adj.极小的；微小的；细微的
- She remembered everything in minute detail.
N-W
novel
- adj.新颖的；与众不同的
- Investigators have encountered some novel problems.
overlook
- v.忽略；未注意到；视而不见；俯视；眺望
- We can overlook the whole London city through the window.
- You cannot live in a corner and overlook these facts.
party
- n.群，方面，当事人
- The company be not a party to the aggrement.
perform
- v.做；旅行；执行；演出
- The manager decided to choose a responsible persion to perform the task.
plain
- adj.平的，清楚的；直率的；简单的
- It was plain that Eddie wanted to get back to sleep.
- Franklin was plain wrong.
plant
- n.植物；发电厂；工厂
- The accident again raises questions about the safety of the plant.
reason
- n.原因；理解力；理性
- Deal with this problem with reason.
- When he is confronted with a serious matter, his reaon always gives way to emotion.
respect
- n.方面，细节 = aspect
- Moreover, in one respect, this nation has tried to present itself as a more responsible global citizen.
roll
- n.名单
- on the pay roll 薪资单
- Since the beginning of the middle school year, every year I received the high honor roll award.
run
- n.跑；旅行；一段时光，一系列
- v.运行
- in long run 长期来看
- run for the president 竞选总统
- The US economy has lost momentun through the spring with **a run of ** disappointing data.
- I will design and run an experiment to see if my idea is correct.
rest
- v.休息；放松；（被）支撑；（使）依靠
- rest on = rely on
- Our policy should rest on the basis of self-reliance.
sense
-
n.感觉，意识；理解力；判断力
-
make sense 说清楚，使有意义
-
John wasn’t making much sense on the phone.
slim -
adj.苗条的；纤细的；几率小的
-
I know the pressure to stay slim is a problem, especially for an actress.
-
The differences between the twins are so slim.
sound
- adj.明智的；合理的；全面的；健康的
- He gave me some very sound advice.
- A sound mind is inseparable from a sound body.
succeed
- v.成功；有成就；有作为；接替；继任
- He had to succeed to the family business when his own career failed three times.
- successor
- He has been designated as his father’s successor.
table
- n.一览表
- v.（正式）提出，把…列入议事日程
- There is a table of contents in the front of a dictionary.
- They voted to table the proposal until the following meeting.
term
- n.措辞；学期；期限；术语
- In this paragraph the writer defined the term.
- in terms of 就…而言；在…方面
- The operation was considered a success in military terms.
- in long term/in short term 长期而言/短期而言
- The possibilty of food shortage seems unlikely, at least in the short term.
wake
- v.醒来；唤醒
- n.尾流，航迹
- in the wake of 随…之后而来；跟随在…后
- There have been protests on the streets in the wake of the recent bomb attack.
常见固定搭配
look
- look at 看；考虑；着眼于
- look for 寻找
- look forward 期待；盼望
- look into 调查，观察
- look after 照顾，照料
- look out 小心，注意
- look over 查看
- look up 查阅（字典）
put
- put forward 提出；拿出
- put in 放入
- put on 穿上；上演；增加
- put into 使进入；把…放进
- put up 提供；建造；提名
- put out 熄灭
- put off 取消
- put away 放好，储存
take
- take care 照顾，小心
- take in 参与，参加
- take part (in) 参加，参与
- take on 承担；穿上
- take off脱下；起飞
- take up 从事；占据
- take over 接管
- take place 发生
come
- come true 实现，成真；成为现实
- come from 来自；出生于
- come back 回来；记起；恢复原状，从新流行
- come out 出现；出版；结果是
- come into 进入；得到
- come across 偶然得到
- come on 加油，继续
- come to 达到，总结
get
- get over 克服，恢复
- get down 下来，使沮丧
- get along with 相处
- get on 上车，进展
- get off动身
- get through 通过
- get out 离开，出去；泄露
carry
- carry out 执行，实行；贯彻；实现；完成
- carry on 继续
- carry forwand 发扬；推荐
- carry through 贯彻；完成；坚持下去
- carry in 携带；输入
make
- make sure 确信；证实
- make up 弥补；组成；化妆；整理
- make full use of 充分利用
- make friends with 与…交友
- make up for 补偿，弥补
- make out 理解，辨认出
turn
- in turn 轮流，依次
- turn off 关掉，关闭；拐弯，使转弯方向
- turn into 变成；进入
- turn on 打开，发动
- turn out 生产；结果是；关掉；出动；驱逐
定向的前缀与定性的后缀
词汇：合成词、衍生词、拟声词、固定搭配/词组
合成词：A + B = AB（直观加成类）
A+ B = C (抽象推论类)
衍生词
词汇的词根与词缀
必考核心前缀
-
Dis-(不，不是)
disable, disaster, disclose, discount, disgrace, displace, dispose, disregard, distract, dismiss, disarm, disorder
-
Un-(非，不是)
uncover, undo, uneasy, undoubtedly, unemployment, unfold, unfortunate, unload
-
Im-/ in/ ir/ il (非，不是)
illegal, illiterate, impair, impatient, innocent, inevitable, infinite
-
De-(向下，减弱，离开)
decide, decrease, degrade, degenerate, depict, deposit, depress, depart, detach, detain
-
mis(错过，失去)
mislead, misfortune, mistake, misunderstanding
-
in-（里面，向内）
income, infect, influence, inject, inland, input, insight, inspect, inspire, invade,involve
-
sub-(下面的，底下的)
submarine, subordinate, subscribe, subtract, suburb, substandard, subtitle
-
super-(超级的)
superhighway, supervise, superior, superiority, supreme
-
trans-(跨越，超过)
translate, transaction, transfer, transport (transportation), transit (transient),transplant, transform
-
under-(在下面)
undergraduate, understanding, undertake-undertook, under/overestimate, Underlie-underlying, underground deal
-
ex-(向外，出去)
expense, expenditure, express-expression, expressway, exchange rate, exposure (expose), excel, extract, exceed, exception, exceptional, exclusive news-include-conclude-close
-
com-/con-/col-/cor-（一起，共同）
be company with, compare-comparison, compose (composition), compromise, compress, commodity, contract
-
ac-/ad-/an-/ap-/as-(强调语气)
acclaim-accompany, adjoin-adhere-abandon, appreciate-precious-price, approve-prove-proof, advocate, announce-accustom
-
pro-/pre-/pri-(在前面)
Prometheus, prince, primary, precaution, predominate, preview, prescribe, prospective, procedure
-
re-(再一次，又，回来)
react (reaction), recall, receive (receptionist), in recession, recommend, recover, recreation, reflect, reform, restore, rely (reliable), replace, repress, release–lease-loose-lose-loss
必考核心后缀
后缀=指示词性
动词后缀：
-
ate ：
accommodate 接待，寄宿 common
accumulate 积累 come
appreciate 欣赏 precious-price
assimilate 同化，吸收 same
simulate 模仿
celebrate 庆祝 public celebrity 名流
concentrate 集中
consolidate 巩固 soldier-liquid-gas
evaluate 评估 eliminate
formulate 规划
postgraduate 毕业
humiliate 侮辱 human-humid-humidity-humble -
ify (使……动)
identify 确定，识别 ID = identity card
qualify 取得资格，使…有资格
quality 质量 semi final - qualified
justify 证明合法 just-justice-judge-prejudice
signify 预示，表示 sign 标志
classify 分类 class
certify 证明，保证 certain
testify 作证，证实 test
purify 净化，提纯，过滤
notify 显示，表示 know=note=notice notable-noble -
ize (使……化)
criticize 批评 critic
apologize 道歉 apology
minimize 最小化 mini
summarize 总结 summary -
–ish
publish public
accomplish complete
finish fine
establish stable
diminish mini
flourish flower-florist
名词性后缀
-
–tion/-ation/-ion （物质/状态）
minion 仆人 onion
option 乐观 optimistic-optional
solution solve
summer/winter vacation
evacuation vacuum 真空 -
–ance/-ence（抽象名词）
importance important
balance
circumstance
allowance 津贴，零花钱
reliance rely
evidence 证据 vis-vid -
–ty/-ity（性质）
personality
society
minority
diversity diver-differ
property 个人财产 proper
immunity 免疫力 (HIV)
community 社区 communication
commute 通勤，上下班 -
–age(集合概念)
baggage 行李
teenage
shortage
package
storage
形容词后缀
-
– able/ible/ile
portable
available value
flexible 有弹性的 reflect
inevitable avoid
measurable
reasonable -
-ful/-less
successful
careful
beautiful
harmful
watchful
stressful
tearful
grateful
wasteful
graceful
restless 不安的，焦躁的
spotless 无瑕的
wireless
countless
regardless 不顾的 -
–tive/-ive 的
effective 有效的
positive 乐观的
attractive
innovative
exclusive 排斥的 clu—close
supportive
collective 集体的，团体的
respective 各自的，分别的
informative 消息灵通的 -
–ous
previous 之前的 preview
famous fame
numerous number
nervous 神经 nerve - nursery
religious 虔诚的 religion
dubious 怀疑的 doubt
将原始的一两千单词打好基础，其他的组合改变只是技巧问题
学习了词根词缀才感觉到自己以前硬背单词是有多不明智😭
感谢阅读，欢迎留言讨论鸭
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