cartopy自定义边界形状 缺失经纬网

**

问题：研究西南极（160E-60W）区域，使用cartopy出图，gridlines添加经纬网，发现缺失180以西的部分。

**

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import cartopy
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import numpy as np
proj = ccrs.Stereographic(central_longitude=228, central_latitude=-70)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10,10))
ax = plt.axes([0,0,1,1],projection=proj)
latmin = -90
latmax = -60
lonmin = 150
lonmax = 305
lats = np.linspace(latmax, latmin, latmax - latmin + 1)
lons = np.linspace(lonmin, lonmax, lonmax - lonmin + 1)
vertices = [(lon, latmin) for lon in range(lonmin, lonmax + 1, 1)] + \
    [(lon, latmax) for lon in range(lonmax, lonmin - 1, -1)]
boundary = mpath.Path(vertices)
ax.set_boundary(boundary, transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.set_extent([170, 320, -90, -60], ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.add_feature(cartopy.feature.LAND, zorder=1, edgecolor='k')
ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True)
plt.show()

解决方法：cartopy的问题…

参考资料：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/75647121/fail-to-add-gridlines-in-cartopy-custom-shape-boundary-and-stereographic-project

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.path as mpath
import cartopy
import cartopy.crs as ccrs
import numpy as np

proj = ccrs.Stereographic(central_longitude=228, central_latitude=-70)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10/2, 10/2))
ax = plt.axes([0,0,1,1], projection=proj)

latmin = -90
latmax = -60
lonmin = 150
lonmax = 305
lats = np.linspace(latmax, latmin, latmax - latmin + 1)
lons = np.linspace(lonmin, lonmax, lonmax - lonmin + 1)
vertices = [(lon, latmin) for lon in range(lonmin, lonmax + 1, 1)] + \
    [(lon, latmax) for lon in range(lonmax, lonmin - 1, -1)]

boundary = mpath.Path(vertices)
ax.set_boundary(boundary, transform=ccrs.PlateCarree())

ax.set_extent([170, 320, -90, -60], ccrs.PlateCarree())
ax.add_feature(cartopy.feature.LAND, zorder=1, edgecolor='k')
#ax.add_feature(cartopy.feature.OCEAN, zorder=1, edgecolor='none', alpha=0.3)

# Build gridlines in 2 steps
# First set of gridlines: meridians only
# proper `xlim` is needed to get all the x-labels' visibility set correctly
gl1 = ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True, crs=ccrs.PlateCarree(), \
            xlocs=range(-180, 359, 20), \
            ylocs=[], \
            xlim=[-2847619, 3537282])  # get these from ax.get_xbound() of previous run
            # Second set of gridlines: parallels of latitude only. 
# The lines are terminated at the meridian of the dateline!
gl2 = ax.gridlines(draw_labels=True, crs=ccrs.PlateCarree(), \
            y_inline=True, \
            ylocs=range(-80, -50, 10), \
            xlocs=[])

# Draw the missing parts of the parallel lines at 70, 80 deg_S
# Colors are set to `red` and `green` intentionally
lons = range(-180, -50, 5)
ax.plot(lons, -80*np.ones(len(lons)), transform=ccrs.Geodetic(), lw=0.5, color="red", zorder=30)
ax.plot(lons, -70*np.ones(len(lons)), transform=ccrs.Geodetic(), lw=0.5, color="green", zorder=30)

# Print the bounds of the plot
print("Bounds:", ax.get_xbound(), ax.get_ybound())
plt.show()

补充一些我整理的相关资料：

1. 如何使用cartopy在经过180经线的区域添加经纬线？资料网址： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59584276/cartopy-set-extent-with-central-longitude-180
2. cartopy 添加地图经纬线
   https://scitools.org.uk/cartopy/docs/latest/matplotlib/gridliner.html
3. Making a lat-lon reference plot
   https://climate-cms.org/posts/2018-05-01-latlon-reference.html
4. 当遇到报错：Failed to determine the required bounds in projection coordinates. Check that the values provided are within the valid range 的解决方法
   资料： Ignore projection limits when setting the extent
   https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54569028/ignore-projection-limits-when-setting-the-extent
5. cartopy自定义地图边界形状教程：
   https://scitools.org.uk/cartopy/docs/latest/gallery/lines_and_polygons/always_circular_stereo.html#sphx-glr-gallery-lines-and-polygons-always-circular-stereo-py
6. 使用NOAA OISST数据作图教程：
   https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36525825/mask-ocean-or-land-from-data-using-cartopy
7. 使用不规则的地图边框形状，导致ax.gridlines()没办法显示经纬线
   http://bbs.06climate.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=95537&page=2
8. 使用规则地图边框形状，标注经纬线教程：
   https://nbviewer.org/gist/ajdawson/dd536f786741e987ae4e
9. 北极巴伦支海自定义地图边框出图教程：
   https://stackoverflow.com/questions/73951145/cartopy-figure-for-high-latitude-with-edges-parallel-to-latitude-and-longitude