反向题在测试问卷信效度_问卷的信度与效度评价

问卷的信度与效度评价

刘朝杰

摘要

国内目前虽有不少采用问卷作为测量工具的科学研究

,

但有关问卷信度和效度评价的文献却极

少

,

忽视信度和效度评价便不能保证调查质量

,

对此应引起足够的重视

。

作者广泛研讨了有关文献

,

结合我国

现状

,

从数理理论

、

心理测量学概念

、

至具体的应用

,

对信度和效度评价作了深入的探讨

。

关键词

问卷 信度 效度

The

A

ssess

men

t

of

the

Reli

ability

and

Validity

of

Questionna

ire

L

iu

Chaoj

ie

.

,

W

est

Ch

ina

U

niversity

of

M

ed

ical

S

ci

2

ences

,

Cheng

d

u

(

610041

)

Abstract

T

here

have

already

been

m

any

studies

using

questi

onnaire

as

study

instrum

ents

in

Ch

ina

.

But

unfo

rtunately

,

few

of

them

repo

rted

their

reliability

and

validity

.

W

e

should

pay

m

uch

mo

re

attenti

on

to

th

is

p

roblem

.

T

he

quality

of

a

sur

2

vey

can

no

t

be

guaranteed

w

ithout

enough

reliability

and

validity

of

the

instrum

ents

.

T

he

autho

r

review

ed

abundant

litera

2

ture

,

and

comp

iled

th

is

paper

w

h

ich

focused

on

the

m

ain

p

roblem

in

Ch

ina

.

T

he

10

thousands

wo

rds

paper

can

be

divided

into

two

parts

,

regarding

the

reliability

and

validity

respectively

.

T

he

contents

covered

the

rang

from

the

statistics

theo

ry

and

the

concep

ts

of

P

sychom

etrics

to

their

p

ractical

use

.

T

he

inducti

on

of

the

m

athem

atics

fo

rm

ula

can

be

igno

red

by

tho

se

w

ho

learn

little

in

m

athem

atics

and

statistics

.

Key

words

Q

uesti

onnaire

R

eliability

V

alidity

问卷的本质是测量工具

,

用于测量人们

的某些特征

(

如个性

、

态度等

)

。所以

,

选用

问卷进行科学研究必须首先考虑问卷的质量

问题

。

1

信度

(

Rel

i

ab

il

ity

)

信度指测量工具的稳定性

,

它代表反复

测量结果的接近程度

〔

1

〕

。

其评价指标是信度

系数

(

R

)

,

可以用误差值方差

(

Ρ

2

e

)

与测量值方

差

(

Ρ

2

)

表达为

:

R

=

1-

Ρ

2

e

Ρ