博主福利:100G+电子设计资料合集https://dwz.date/fyQa
设计要求:
- 采用定时中断方式控制步进机的转速,定时单位时长为10ms。
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速度设置在1/2/3/4四个档位,1档最快,依次递减,能够控制步进电机的停、转和方向,同时显示步进机的当前档位。
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设计思路:
- 通过P1控制步进电机的转动,P1.0->a,P1.1->b,P1.2->c,P1.3->d,ULN2003A作为步进电机驱动
- P2.0-P2.3对应数码管显示(使用7447芯片对应将BCD码转换成7端LED数码管),通过7447简单驱动数码管(P2只需要发送1/2/3/4即可)
- 通过定时器计数,到达设定值时步进电机转动1/4圈,计数清零
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元件清单:
- AT89C51
- BUTTON
- MOTOR-STEPPER
- RESPACK-8
- 7SEG-COM-ANODE
- ULN2003A
- 7447
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实现代码:
#include <reg52.h>
typedef unsigned char uchar;
uchar direction = 0; //0为正转,1为反转
uchar onoff = 0; //关为0,开为1
uchar n = 0; //每次定时器中断触发时n++,当n==max时电机转动1/4
uchar max = 10;
uchar index = 0; //通过index指示电机转动,AB,BC,CD,DA
sbit LED = P3 ^ 7; //当n==max时LED闪烁提示
int main()
{
/* LED */
P2 = 0xff;
/* 初始化中断 */
EA = 1;
EX0 = 1; //要用到的中断是两个外部中断和定时器中断0
IT0 = 1;
EX1 = 1;
IT1 = 1;
ET0 = 1;
/* 定时器0 */
TMOD = 0x01; //使用定时器0,方式1
TH0 = (65536 - 10000) / 256; //12MHz晶振下,定时器为10ms触发中断,更方便观察转动情况
TL0 = (65536 - 10000) % 256;
TR0 = 1;
while(1)
{
switch(P0)
{
case 0xfe: //11111110
max = 1;
P2 = 1;
break;
case 0xfd: //11111101
max = 10;
P2 = 2;
break;
case 0xfb: //11111011
max = 50;
P2 = 3;
break;
case 0xf7: //11110111
max = 100;
P2 = 4;
break;
}
}
}
void Stop()interrupt 0
{
onoff++;
if (onoff > 1)
onoff = 0;
}
void int1()interrupt 2
{
direction++;
if (direction > 1)
direction = 0;
}
void delay50ms(void)
{
unsigned char a, b;
for(b = 173; b > 0; b--)
for(a = 143; a > 0; a--);
}
void time()interrupt 1
{
TH0 = (65536 - 10000) / 256;
TL0 = (65536 - 10000) % 256;
if (onoff == 1) //在开状态下
{
if (n == max) //设定档位速度,经过了max次中断后,步进电机转1/4圈
{
LED = 0; //每次n==max时LED闪烁
delay50ms();
LED = 1;
if (direction == 0)
{
switch(index) //正转时以AB,BC,CD,DA顺序
{
case 0:P1 = 0x03;break; //00000011 AB高电平
case 1:P1 = 0x06;break; //00000110 BC高电平
case 2:P1 = 0x0c;break; //00001100 CD高电平
case 3:P1 = 0x09;break; //00001001 DA高电平
}
index ++;
if (index == 4) //步进电机转完一圈时index清零
index = 0;
n = 0; //到达max,n重置为0
}
if (direction == 1)
{
switch(index) //反转时以DA,CD,BC,AB顺序
{
case 0:P1 = 0x09;break;
case 1:P1 = 0x0c;break;
case 2:P1 = 0x06;break;
case 3:P1 = 0x03;break;
}
index ++;
if (index == 4)
index = 0;
n = 0;
}
else n = 0;
}
n++; //n!=max时,n++
}
else n = 0; //在关状态下,n始终为0,无法触发电机转动
}