Keras的Tensorflow后端可以随意CPU或GPU。

参考：https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/ask/36434
import tensorflow as tf
from keras import backend as K

num_cores = 4

if GPU:
num_GPU = 1
num_CPU = 1
if CPU:
num_CPU = 1
num_GPU = 0

config = tf.ConfigProto(intra_op_parallelism_threads=num_cores,
inter_op_parallelism_threads=num_cores, allow_soft_placement=True,
device_count = {‘CPU’ : num_CPU, ‘GPU’ : num_GPU})
session = tf.Session(config=config)
K.set_session(session)

只用用CPU:
config = tf.ConfigProto(intra_op_parallelism_threads=num_cores,
inter_op_parallelism_threads=num_cores, allow_soft_placement=True,
device_count = {‘CPU’ : 1, ‘GPU’ : 0})