win10安装Chocolatey

最新推荐文章于 2024-03-10 17:11:36 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-03-10 17:11:36 发布

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分类专栏： choco 文章标签： windows

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42715225/article/details/109008286

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前言

win10系统上安装包管理工具Chocolatey

安装流程

在window2路径C:\Windows\system32下增加文件install.ps1，内容如下

# =====================================================================
# Copyright 2017 - 2020 Chocolatey Software, Inc, and the
# original authors/contributors from ChocolateyGallery
# Copyright 2011 - 2017 RealDimensions Software, LLC, and the
# original authors/contributors from ChocolateyGallery
# at https://github.com/chocolatey/chocolatey.org
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
# =====================================================================

# For organizational deployments of Chocolatey, please see https://chocolatey.org/docs/how-to-setup-offline-installation

# Environment Variables, specified as $env:NAME in PowerShell.exe and %NAME% in cmd.exe.
# For explicit proxy, please set $env:chocolateyProxyLocation and optionally $env:chocolateyProxyUser and $env:chocolateyProxyPassword
# For an explicit version of Chocolatey, please set $env:chocolateyVersion = 'versionnumber'
# To target a different url for chocolatey.nupkg, please set $env:chocolateyDownloadUrl = 'full url to nupkg file'
# NOTE: $env:chocolateyDownloadUrl does not work with $env:chocolateyVersion.
# To use built-in compression instead of 7zip (requires additional download), please set $env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression = 'true'
# To bypass the use of any proxy, please set $env:chocolateyIgnoreProxy = 'true'

#specifically use the API to get the latest version (below)
$url = ''

$chocolateyVersion = $env:chocolateyVersion
if (![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($chocolateyVersion)){
  Write-Output "Downloading specific version of Chocolatey: $chocolateyVersion"
  $url = "https://chocolatey.org/api/v2/package/chocolatey/$chocolateyVersion"
}

$chocolateyDownloadUrl = $env:chocolateyDownloadUrl
if (![string]::IsNullOrEmpty($chocolateyDownloadUrl)){
  Write-Output "Downloading Chocolatey from : $chocolateyDownloadUrl"
  $url = "$chocolateyDownloadUrl"
}

if ($env:TEMP -eq $null) {
  $env:TEMP = Join-Path $env:SystemDrive 'temp'
}
$chocTempDir = Join-Path $env:TEMP "chocolatey"
$tempDir = Join-Path $chocTempDir "chocInstall"
if (![System.IO.Directory]::Exists($tempDir)) {[void][System.IO.Directory]::CreateDirectory($tempDir)}
$file = Join-Path $tempDir "chocolatey.zip"

# PowerShell v2/3 caches the output stream. Then it throws errors due
# to the FileStream not being what is expected. Fixes "The OS handle's
# position is not what FileStream expected. Do not use a handle
# simultaneously in one FileStream and in Win32 code or another
# FileStream."
function Fix-PowerShellOutputRedirectionBug {
  $poshMajorVerion = $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major

  if ($poshMajorVerion -lt 4) {
    try{
      # http://www.leeholmes.com/blog/2008/07/30/workaround-the-os-handles-position-is-not-what-filestream-expected/ plus comments
      $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetField"
      $objectRef = $host.GetType().GetField("externalHostRef", $bindingFlags).GetValue($host)
      $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetProperty"
      $consoleHost = $objectRef.GetType().GetProperty("Value", $bindingFlags).GetValue($objectRef, @())
      [void] $consoleHost.GetType().GetProperty("IsStandardOutputRedirected", $bindingFlags).GetValue($consoleHost, @())
      $bindingFlags = [Reflection.BindingFlags] "Instance,NonPublic,GetField"
      $field = $consoleHost.GetType().GetField("standardOutputWriter", $bindingFlags)
      $field.SetValue($consoleHost, [Console]::Out)
      [void] $consoleHost.GetType().GetProperty("IsStandardErrorRedirected", $bindingFlags).GetValue($consoleHost, @())
      $field2 = $consoleHost.GetType().GetField("standardErrorWriter", $bindingFlags)
      $field2.SetValue($consoleHost, [Console]::Error)
    } catch {
      Write-Output "Unable to apply redirection fix."
    }
  }
}

Fix-PowerShellOutputRedirectionBug

# Attempt to set highest encryption available for SecurityProtocol.
# PowerShell will not set this by default (until maybe .NET 4.6.x). This
# will typically produce a message for PowerShell v2 (just an info
# message though)
try {
  # Set TLS 1.2 (3072) as that is the minimum required by Chocolatey.org.
  # Use integers because the enumeration value for TLS 1.2 won't exist
  # in .NET 4.0, even though they are addressable if .NET 4.5+ is
  # installed (.NET 4.5 is an in-place upgrade).
  [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072
} catch {
  Write-Output 'Unable to set PowerShell to use TLS 1.2. This is required for contacting Chocolatey as of 03 FEB 2020. https://chocolatey.org/blog/remove-support-for-old-tls-versions. If you see underlying connection closed or trust errors, you may need to do one or more of the following: (1) upgrade to .NET Framework 4.5+ and PowerShell v3+, (2) Call [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = 3072; in PowerShell prior to attempting installation, (3) specify internal Chocolatey package location (set $env:chocolateyDownloadUrl prior to install or host the package internally), (4) use the Download + PowerShell method of install. See https://chocolatey.org/docs/installation for all install options.'
}

function Get-Downloader {
param (
  [string]$url
 )

  $downloader = new-object System.Net.WebClient

  $defaultCreds = [System.Net.CredentialCache]::DefaultCredentials
  if ($defaultCreds -ne $null) {
    $downloader.Credentials = $defaultCreds
  }

  $ignoreProxy = $env:chocolateyIgnoreProxy
  if ($ignoreProxy -ne $null -and $ignoreProxy -eq 'true') {
    Write-Debug "Explicitly bypassing proxy due to user environment variable"
    $downloader.Proxy = [System.Net.GlobalProxySelection]::GetEmptyWebProxy()
  } else {
    # check if a proxy is required
    $explicitProxy = $env:chocolateyProxyLocation
    $explicitProxyUser = $env:chocolateyProxyUser
    $explicitProxyPassword = $env:chocolateyProxyPassword
    if ($explicitProxy -ne $null -and $explicitProxy -ne '') {
      # explicit proxy
      $proxy = New-Object System.Net.WebProxy($explicitProxy, $true)
      if ($explicitProxyPassword -ne $null -and $explicitProxyPassword -ne '') {
        $passwd = ConvertTo-SecureString $explicitProxyPassword -AsPlainText -Force
        $proxy.Credentials = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential ($explicitProxyUser, $passwd)
      }

      Write-Debug "Using explicit proxy server '$explicitProxy'."
      $downloader.Proxy = $proxy

    } elseif (!$downloader.Proxy.IsBypassed($url)) {
      # system proxy (pass through)
      $creds = $defaultCreds
      if ($creds -eq $null) {
        Write-Debug "Default credentials were null. Attempting backup method"
        $cred = get-credential
        $creds = $cred.GetNetworkCredential();
      }

      $proxyaddress = $downloader.Proxy.GetProxy($url).Authority
      Write-Debug "Using system proxy server '$proxyaddress'."
      $proxy = New-Object System.Net.WebProxy($proxyaddress)
      $proxy.Credentials = $creds
      $downloader.Proxy = $proxy
    }
  }

  return $downloader
}

function Download-String {
param (
  [string]$url
 )
  $downloader = Get-Downloader $url

  return $downloader.DownloadString($url)
}

function Download-File {
param (
  [string]$url,
  [string]$file
 )
  #Write-Output "Downloading $url to $file"
  $downloader = Get-Downloader $url

  $downloader.DownloadFile($url, $file)
}

if ($url -eq $null -or $url -eq '') {
  Write-Output "Getting latest version of the Chocolatey package for download."
  $url = 'https://chocolatey.org/api/v2/Packages()?$filter=((Id%20eq%20%27chocolatey%27)%20and%20(not%20IsPrerelease))%20and%20IsLatestVersion'
  [xml]$result = Download-String $url
  $url = $result.feed.entry.content.src
}

# Download the Chocolatey package
Write-Output "Getting Chocolatey from $url."
Download-File $url $file

# Determine unzipping method
# 7zip is the most compatible so use it by default
$7zaExe = Join-Path $tempDir '7za.exe'
$unzipMethod = '7zip'
$useWindowsCompression = $env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression
if ($useWindowsCompression -ne $null -and $useWindowsCompression -eq 'true') {
  Write-Output 'Using built-in compression to unzip'
  $unzipMethod = 'builtin'
} elseif (-Not (Test-Path ($7zaExe))) {
  Write-Output "Downloading 7-Zip commandline tool prior to extraction."
  # download 7zip
  Download-File 'https://chocolatey.org/7za.exe' "$7zaExe"
}

# unzip the package
Write-Output "Extracting $file to $tempDir..."
if ($unzipMethod -eq '7zip') {
  $params = "x -o`"$tempDir`" -bd -y `"$file`""
  # use more robust Process as compared to Start-Process -Wait (which doesn't
  # wait for the process to finish in PowerShell v3)
  $process = New-Object System.Diagnostics.Process
  $process.StartInfo = New-Object System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo($7zaExe, $params)
  $process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = $true
  $process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = $false
  $process.StartInfo.WindowStyle = [System.Diagnostics.ProcessWindowStyle]::Hidden
  $process.Start() | Out-Null
  $process.BeginOutputReadLine()
  $process.WaitForExit()
  $exitCode = $process.ExitCode
  $process.Dispose()

  $errorMessage = "Unable to unzip package using 7zip. Perhaps try setting `$env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression = 'true' and call install again. Error:"
  switch ($exitCode) {
    0 { break }
    1 { throw "$errorMessage Some files could not be extracted" }
    2 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip encountered a fatal error while extracting the files" }
    7 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip command line error" }
    8 { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip out of memory" }
    255 { throw "$errorMessage Extraction cancelled by the user" }
    default { throw "$errorMessage 7-Zip signalled an unknown error (code $exitCode)" }
  }
} else {
  if ($PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major -lt 5) {
    try {
      $shellApplication = new-object -com shell.application
      $zipPackage = $shellApplication.NameSpace($file)
      $destinationFolder = $shellApplication.NameSpace($tempDir)
      $destinationFolder.CopyHere($zipPackage.Items(),0x10)
    } catch {
      throw "Unable to unzip package using built-in compression. Set `$env:chocolateyUseWindowsCompression = 'false' and call install again to use 7zip to unzip. Error: `n $_"
    }
  } else {
    Expand-Archive -Path "$file" -DestinationPath "$tempDir" -Force
  }
}

# Call chocolatey install
Write-Output "Installing chocolatey on this machine"
$toolsFolder = Join-Path $tempDir "tools"
$chocInstallPS1 = Join-Path $toolsFolder "chocolateyInstall.ps1"

& $chocInstallPS1

Write-Output 'Ensuring chocolatey commands are on the path'
$chocInstallVariableName = "ChocolateyInstall"
$chocoPath = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($chocInstallVariableName)
if ($chocoPath -eq $null -or $chocoPath -eq '') {
  $chocoPath = "$env:ALLUSERSPROFILE\Chocolatey"
}

if (!(Test-Path ($chocoPath))) {
  $chocoPath = "$env:SYSTEMDRIVE\ProgramData\Chocolatey"
}

$chocoExePath = Join-Path $chocoPath 'bin'

if ($($env:Path).ToLower().Contains($($chocoExePath).ToLower()) -eq $false) {
  $env:Path = [Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('Path',[System.EnvironmentVariableTarget]::Machine);
}

Write-Output 'Ensuring chocolatey.nupkg is in the lib folder'
$chocoPkgDir = Join-Path $chocoPath 'lib\chocolatey'
$nupkg = Join-Path $chocoPkgDir 'chocolatey.nupkg'
if (![System.IO.Directory]::Exists($chocoPkgDir)) { [System.IO.Directory]::CreateDirectory($chocoPkgDir); }
Copy-Item "$file" "$nupkg" -Force -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

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# SIG # End signature block

注:
请使用nodepad++工具编辑文件，亦可在桌面编辑文件后，放置在C:\Windows\system32路径下

已管理员身份运行"命令提示符"

执行安装chocolatey命令

命令符号a

@"%SystemRoot%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe" -NoProfile -InputFormat None -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('install.ps1'))" && SET "PATH=%PATH%;%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\chocolatey\bin"

示例

C:\Windows\system32>@"%SystemRoot%\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe" -NoProfile -InputFormat None -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Command "iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('install.ps1'))" && SET "PATH=%PATH%;%ALLUSERSPROFILE%\chocolatey\bin"