在前面讲过的,驱动程序的应用代码中读取按键代码如下
while (1)
{
read(fd, &key_val, 1);
printf("key_val = 0x%x\n", key_val);
}
read时如果没有按键中断,则会休眠:让出CPU但是并不返回read函数。
目标:如果想要有中断时返回,没有按键按下几秒中后也返回,则用poll机制简单。
类似于应用程序中read函数对应驱动中一个open函数。poll机制也是应用程序中有个poll函数,对应驱动中一个drv_poll函数。应用中的poll函数会调用sys_poll函数。
static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.open = forth_drv_open,
.read = forth_drv_read,
.release = forth_drv_close,
.poll = forth_drv_poll,
};
关于驱动中poll函数怎么写,参考其他驱动的即可。
cstatic unsigned forth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠
if (ev_press)
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
return mask;
}
现在从sys_poll开始分析:
>的意思是:左边这个函数就做了右边的事情。
do_pollfd就是调用函数指针的poll函数然后返回mask也就是给了if用于判断。
整体的大概意思就是通过加入到一个队列中,它自己就会维护。
当时间没到,加入poll队列的没有被唤醒的时候,就会休眠,本进程休眠!
当时间没到,队列中的本项被唤醒了(按键中断发生了),schedule_timeout函数跳出,但是还是在for死循环中,此时count就++了,然后就break跳出了,回到了应用程序中,接收到返回值了;
当一直没有按键时,设置的时间已经到了,_timeout就会变成0在for循环到if时也会退出。
设备驱动的poll()本身不会阻塞,但是poll()、select()和epoll()系统调用则会阻塞地等待文件描述符集合中的至少一个可访问或超时。
关于应用层poll函数怎么写,要用man查看用法,然后要什么给什么就行了,结合应用层编程养成的习惯。
整体代码如下:
static struct class *forthdrv_class;
static struct class_device *forthdrv_class_dev;
volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;
volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;
volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;
static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);
/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1,forth_drv_read将它清0 */
static volatile int ev_press = 0;
struct pin_desc{
unsigned int pin;
unsigned int key_val;
};
/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */
/* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */
static unsigned char key_val;
struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {
{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},
{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},
{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},
{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},
};
/*
* 确定按键值
*/
static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
{
struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;
unsigned int pinval;
pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);
if (pinval)
{
/* 松开 */
key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;
}
else
{
/* 按下 */
key_val = pindesc->key_val;
}
ev_press = 1; /* 表示中断发生了 */
wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq); /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */
return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);
}
static int forth_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
/* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */
/* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */
request_irq(IRQ_EINT0, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT2, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);
request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
ssize_t forth_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)
{
if (size != 1)
return -EINVAL;
/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */
wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);
/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */
copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);
ev_press = 0;
return 1;
}
int forth_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);
free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);
return 0;
}
static unsigned forth_drv_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
{
unsigned int mask = 0;
poll_wait(file, &button_waitq, wait); // 不会立即休眠
if (ev_press)
mask |= POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
return mask;
}
static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */
.open = forth_drv_open,
.read = forth_drv_read,
.release = forth_drv_close,
.poll = forth_drv_poll,
};
int major;
static int forth_drv_init(void)
{
major = register_chrdev(0, "forth_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);
forthdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "forth_drv");
forthdrv_class_dev = class_device_create(forthdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */
gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);
gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;
gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);
gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;
return 0;
}
static void forth_drv_exit(void)
{
unregister_chrdev(major, "forth_drv");
class_device_unregister(forthdrv_class_dev);
class_destroy(forthdrv_class);
iounmap(gpfcon);
iounmap(gpgcon);
return 0;
}
module_init(forth_drv_init);
module_exit(forth_drv_exit);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
以上是驱动
以下是测试程序
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <poll.h>
/* forthdrvtest
*/
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
int fd;
unsigned char key_val;
int ret;
struct pollfd fds[1];
fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);
if (fd < 0)
{
printf("can't open!\n");
}
fds[0].fd = fd;
fds[0].events = POLLIN;
while (1)
{
ret = poll(fds, 1, 5000);
if (ret == 0)
{
printf("time out\n");
}
else
{
read(fd, &key_val, 1);
printf("key_val = 0x%x\n", key_val);
}
}
return 0;
}
注:第一次发博客,新手做笔记而已,未整理,未深究。