Python 接口自动化 requests+ unittest
网上http接口自动化测试Python实现有很多，我本人也是在网上途径学了一点相关课程。然后运用到工作中，在这里我进行下总结，相当于工作总结吧，有不对的地方 或者写的不清楚的地方。希望大神帮忙指出~
做测试或者做开发的都知道 常用的接口测试工具有 postman、jmeter等，在使用这些工具的时候我们就知道常用的接口类型，还有请求类型。比如我用的post 、 get请求。关于post、get请求的区别，大家可以参考网上的其他博客。我后期可能会根据自己的理解专门写一篇关于post、get的文章好了闲话不多说我们进入正题吧
1、脚本所需的库
requests python第三方库 用于访问网络资源
安装方法：
pip install requests
如果是用ide 在里面可以直接安装
unittest 单元测试框架不仅可以适用于单元测试，还可以适用WEB自动化测试用例的开发与执行
2、结构目录
3、封装http请求
一般我都会封装基类 用于较少重复多余的代码
class RunMain():
#发送post请求
def send_Post(self,url,data):
result = requests.post(url= url,data= data).json()
res = json.dumps(result ,ensure_ascii= False , sort_keys= True , indent= 2)
return res
#发送get请求
def send_Get(self,url,data):
result = requests.get(url=url, data=data).json()
res = json.dumps(result, ensure_ascii=False, sort_keys=True, indent=2)
return res
#根据method来判断是 post请求 还是 get请求
def run_main(self,method ,url = None ,data = None):
result = None
if method == 'post':
result = self.send_Post(url,data)
elif method == 'get':
result = self.send_Get(url,data)
else:
print("method值错误")
return result
4、封装发送邮件的基类
有时候我们的测试报告需要发送给开发人员或者其他人员，这时候就需要我们脚本去发送邮件了
#SMTP 服务器主机
mail_host = localReadConfig.get_email('mail_host')
#指定 SMTP 服务使用的端口号
mail_port = localReadConfig.get_email('mail_port')
#用户名
mail_user = localReadConfig.get_email('mail_user')
#邮件密码 授权码
mail_pass = localReadConfig.get_email('mail_pass')
#邮件发送方邮箱地址
sender = localReadConfig.get_email('sender')
#接受邮件放邮箱地址
value = localReadConfig.get_email('receiver')
title = localReadConfig.get_email('subject')
content = localReadConfig.get_email('content')
class Email():
def __init__(self):
self.receiver = []
#获取接收人 列表
for r in str(value).split('/'):
self.receiver.append(r)
#格式化时间
data = datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
self.subject = title+" "+data
self.msg = MIMEMultipart('mixed')
def config_header(self):
#设置邮件发送头
self.msg['Subject'] = self.subject
self.msg['From'] = sender
self.msg['To'] = ":".join(self.receiver)
def config_content(self):
#设置邮件主题
content_plain = MIMEText(content,'plain')
self.msg.attach(content_plain)
def config_file(self):
#如果有文件，就配置邮件附件 filename 用英文形式，如果用中文 需要改动
if self.check_file():
htmlpath = os.path.join(getPath.get_basepath(),'result','report.html')
html = open(htmlpath,'rb').read()
filehtml = MIMEText(html,'base64','utf-8')
filehtml['Content-Type'] = 'application/octet-stream'
filehtml['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="test.html"'
self.msg.attach(filehtml)
def check_file(self):
#判断文件是否存在如果存在则返回 True 反之 返回 False
reportpath = os.path.join(getPath.get_basepath(),'result','report.html')
if os.path.isfile(reportpath) and not os.stat(reportpath) == 0:
return True
else:
return False
def send_email(self):
self.config_header()
self.config_content()
self.config_file()
try:
smtp = smtplib.SMTP()
smtp.connect(mail_host,mail_port)
smtp.login(mail_user, mail_pass)
smtp.sendmail(sender, self.receiver, self.msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()
print('邮件已发送注意查收')
except Exception as ex:
print('邮件发送失败，错误详情：'+str(ex))
5、封装读取 配置文件的基类
#获取文件路径
basepath = getpath.get_basepath()
config_path = os.path.join(basepath,'config\config.ini')
config = configparser.ConfigParser()
config.read(config_path)
class ReadConfig():
#获取名字为 [HTTP] 的属性值
def get_http(self,name):
value = config.get('HTTP' , name)
return value
def get_email(self,name):
value = config.get('EMAIL' , name)
return value
def get_database(self,name):
value = config.get('DATABASE' , name)
return value
6、生成HTML的基类 这个类网上有很多 我这是最原始的 有兴趣的朋友可以去美化
#生成测试报告相关
"""
A TestRunner for use with the Python unit testing framework. It
generates a HTML report to show the result at a glance.
The simplest way to use this is to invoke its main method. E.g.
import unittest
import HTMLTestRunner
... define your tests ...
if __name__ == '__main__':
HTMLTestRunner.main()
For more customization options, instantiates a HTMLTestRunner object.
HTMLTestRunner is a counterpart to unittest's TextTestRunner. E.g.
# output to a file
fp = file('my_report.html', 'wb')
runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(
stream=fp,
title='My unit test',
description='This demonstrates the report output by HTMLTestRunner.'
)
# Use an external stylesheet.
# See the Template_mixin class for more customizable options
runner.STYLESHEET_TMPL = '<link rel="stylesheet" href="my_stylesheet.css" type="text/css">'
# run the test
runner.run(my_test_suite)
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2004-2007, Wai Yip Tung
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name Wai Yip Tung nor the names of its contributors may be
used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
"""
# URL: http://tungwaiyip.info/software/HTMLTestRunner.html
__author__ = "Wai Yip Tung"
__version__ = "0.8.2"
"""
Change History
Version 0.8.2
* Show output inline instead of popup window (Viorel Lupu).
Version in 0.8.1
* Validated XHTML (Wolfgang Borgert).
* Added description of test classes and test cases.
Version in 0.8.0
* Define Template_mixin class for customization.
* Workaround a IE 6 bug that it does not treat <script> block as CDATA.
Version in 0.7.1
* Back port to Python 2.3 (Frank Horowitz).
* Fix missing scroll bars in detail log (Podi).
"""
# TODO: color stderr
# TODO: simplify javascript using ,ore than 1 class in the class attribute?
import datetime
import io
import sys
import time
import unittest
from xml.sax import saxutils
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The redirectors below are used to capture output during testing. Output
# sent to sys.stdout and sys.stderr are automatically captured. However
# in some cases sys.stdout is already cached before HTMLTestRunner is
# invoked (e.g. calling logging.basicConfig). In order to capture those
# output, use the redirectors for the cached stream.
#
# e.g.
# >>> logging.basicConfig(stream=HTMLTestRunner.stdout_redirector)
# >>>
class OutputRedirector(object):
""" Wrapper to redirect stdout or stderr """
def __init__(self, fp):
self.fp = fp
def write(self, s):
self.fp.write(s)
def writelines(self, lines):
self.fp.writelines(lines)
def flush(self):
self.fp.flush()
stdout_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stdout)
stderr_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stderr)
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template
class Template_mixin(object):
"""
Define a HTML template for report customerization and generation.
Overall structure of an HTML report
HTML
+------------------------+
|<html> |
| <head> |
| |
| STYLESHEET |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| </head> |
| |
| <body> |
| |
| HEADING |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| REPORT |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| ENDING |
| +----------------+ |
| | | |
| +----------------+ |
| |
| </body> |
|</html> |
+------------------------+
"""
STATUS = {
0: 'pass',
1: 'fail',
2: 'error',
}
DEFAULT_TITLE = 'Unit Test Report'
DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = ''
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# HTML Template
HTML_TMPL = r"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<title>%(title)s</title>
<meta name="generator" content="%(generator)s"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
%(stylesheet)s
</head>
<body>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"><!--
output_list = Array();
/* level - 0:Summary; 1:Failed; 2:All */
function showCase(level) {
trs = document.getElementsByTagName("tr");
for (var i = 0; i < trs.length; i++) {
tr = trs[i];
id = tr.id;
if (id.substr(0,2) == 'ft') {
if (level < 1) {
tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
}
else {
tr.className = '';
}
}
if (id.substr(0,2) == 'pt') {
if (level > 1) {
tr.className = '';
}
else {
tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
}
}
}
}
function showClassDetail(cid, count) {
var id_list = Array(count);
var toHide = 1;
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
tid0 = 't' + cid.substr(1) + '.' + (i+1);
tid = 'f' + tid0;
tr = document.getElementById(tid);
if (!tr) {
tid = 'p' + tid0;
tr = document.getElementById(tid);
}
id_list[i] = tid;
if (tr.className) {
toHide = 0;
}
}
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
tid = id_list[i];
if (toHide) {
document.getElementById('div_'+tid).style.display = 'none'
document.getElementById(tid).className = 'hiddenRow';
}
else {
document.getElementById(tid).className = '';
}
}
}
function showTestDetail(div_id){
var details_div = document.getElementById(div_id)
var displayState = details_div.style.display
// alert(displayState)
if (displayState != 'block' ) {
displayState = 'block'
details_div.style.display = 'block'
}
else {
details_div.style.display = 'none'
}
}
function html_escape(s) {
s = s.replace(/&/g,'&');
s = s.replace(/</g,'<');
s = s.replace(/>/g,'>');
return s;
}
/* obsoleted by detail in <div>
function showOutput(id, name) {
var w = window.open("", //url
name,
"resizable,scrollbars,status,width=800,height=450");
d = w.document;
d.write("<pre>");
d.write(html_escape(output_list[id]));
d.write("\n");
d.write("<a href='javascript:window.close()'>close</a>\n");
d.write("</pre>\n");
d.close();
}
*/
--></script>
%(heading)s
%(report)s
%(ending)s
</body>
</html>
"""
# variables: (title, generator, stylesheet, heading, report, ending)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Stylesheet
#
# alternatively use a <link> for external style sheet, e.g.
# <link rel="stylesheet" href="$url" type="text/css">
STYLESHEET_TMPL = """
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
body { font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 80%; }
table { font-size: 100%; }
pre { }
/* -- heading ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
h1 {
font-size: 16pt;
color: gray;
}
.heading {
margin-top: 0ex;
margin-bottom: 1ex;
}
.heading .attribute {
margin-top: 1ex;
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.heading .description {
margin-top: 4ex;
margin-bottom: 6ex;
}
/* -- css div popup ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
a.popup_link {
}
a.popup_link:hover {
color: red;
}
.popup_window {
display: none;
position: relative;
left: 0px;
top: 0px;
/*border: solid #627173 1px; */
padding: 10px;
background-color: #E6E6D6;
font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
text-align: left;
font-size: 8pt;
width: 800px;
}
}
/* -- report ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
#show_detail_line {
margin-top: 3ex;
margin-bottom: 1ex;
}
#result_table {
width: 80%;
border-collapse: collapse;
border: 1px solid #777;
}
#header_row {
font-weight: bold;
color: white;
background-color: #777;
text-align:center;
}
#result_table td {
border: 1px solid #777;
padding: 2px;
}
#total_row { font-weight: bold; }
.passClass { background-color: #6c6; }
.failClass { background-color: #c60; }
.errorClass { background-color: #c00; }
.passCase { color: #6c6; }
.failCase { color: #c60; font-weight: bold; }
.errorCase { color: #c00; font-weight: bold; }
.hiddenRow { display: none; }
.testcase { margin-left: 2em; }
/* -- ending ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ending {
}
</style>
"""
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Heading
#
HEADING_TMPL = """<div class='heading'>
<h1>%(title)s</h1>
%(parameters)s
<p class='description'>%(description)s</p>
</div>
""" # variables: (title, parameters, description)
HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL = """<p class='attribute'><strong>%(name)s:</strong> %(value)s</p>
""" # variables: (name, value)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Report
#
REPORT_TMPL = """
<p id='show_detail_line'>Show
<a href='javascript:showCase(0)'>Summary</a>
<a href='javascript:showCase(1)'>Failed</a>
<a href='javascript:showCase(2)'>All</a>
</p>
<table id='result_table'>
<colgroup>
<col align='left' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
</colgroup>
<tr id='header_row'>
<td colspan='2'>Test Group/Test case</td>
<td>Count</td>
<td>Pass</td>
<td>Fail</td>
<td>Error</td>
<td>View</td>
</tr>
%(test_list)s
<tr id='total_row'>
<td colspan='2'>Total</td>
<td>%(count)s</td>
<td>%(Pass)s</td>
<td>%(fail)s</td>
<td>%(error)s</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
""" # variables: (test_list, count, Pass, fail, error)
REPORT_CLASS_TMPL = r"""
<tr class='%(style)s'>
<td>%(desc)s</td>
<td>%(description)s</td>
<td>%(count)s</td>
<td>%(Pass)s</td>
<td>%(fail)s</td>
<td>%(error)s</td>
<td><a href="javascript:showClassDetail('%(cid)s',%(count)s)">Detail</a></td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (style, desc, count, Pass, fail, error, cid)
REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
<tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
<td colspan='2' class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
<td colspan='7' align='center'>
<!--css div popup start-->
<a class="popup_link" onfocus='this.blur();' href="javascript:showTestDetail('div_%(tid)s')" >
%(status)s</a>
<div id='div_%(tid)s' class="popup_window">
<div style='text-align: right; color:red;cursor:pointer'>
<a onfocus='this.blur();' onclick="document.getElementById('div_%(tid)s').style.display = 'none' " >
[x]</a>
</div>
<pre>
%(script)s
</pre>
</div>
<!--css div popup end-->
</td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)
REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
<tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
<td class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
<td colspan='5' align='center'>%(status)s</td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)
REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
%(id)s: %(output)s
"""
# variables: (id, output)
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# ENDING
#
ENDING_TMPL = """<div id='ending'> </div>"""
# -------------------- The end of the Template class -------------------
TestResult = unittest.TestResult
class _TestResult(TestResult):
# note: _TestResult is a pure representation of results.
# It lacks the output and reporting ability compares to unittest._TextTestResult.
def __init__(self, verbosity=1):
TestResult.__init__(self)
self.stdout0 = None
self.stderr0 = None
self.success_count = 0
self.failure_count = 0
self.error_count = 0
self.verbosity = verbosity
# result is a list of result in 4 tuple
# (
# result code (0: success; 1: fail; 2: error),
# TestCase object,
# Test output (byte string),
# stack trace,
# )
self.result = []
def startTest(self, test):
TestResult.startTest(self, test)
# just one buffer for both stdout and stderr
self.outputBuffer = io.StringIO()
stdout_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
stderr_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
self.stdout0 = sys.stdout
self.stderr0 = sys.stderr
sys.stdout = stdout_redirector
sys.stderr = stderr_redirector
def complete_output(self):
"""
Disconnect output redirection and return buffer.
Safe to call multiple times.
"""
if self.stdout0:
sys.stdout = self.stdout0
sys.stderr = self.stderr0
self.stdout0 = None
self.stderr0 = None
return self.outputBuffer.getvalue()
def stopTest(self, test):
# Usually one of addSuccess, addError or addFailure would have been called.
# But there are some path in unittest that would bypass this.
# We must disconnect stdout in stopTest(), which is guaranteed to be called.
self.complete_output()
def addSuccess(self, test):
self.success_count += 1
TestResult.addSuccess(self, test)
output = self.complete_output()
self.result.append((0, test, output, ''))
if self.verbosity > 1:
sys.stderr.write('ok ')
sys.stderr.write(str(test))
sys.stderr.write('\n')
else:
sys.stderr.write('.')
def addError(self, test, err):
self.error_count += 1
TestResult.addError(self, test, err)
_, _exc_str = self.errors[-1]
output = self.complete_output()
self.result.append((2, test, output, _exc_str))
if self.verbosity > 1:
sys.stderr.write('E ')
sys.stderr.write(str(test))
sys.stderr.write('\n')
else:
sys.stderr.write('E')
def addFailure(self, test, err):
self.failure_count += 1
TestResult.addFailure(self, test, err)
_, _exc_str = self.failures[-1]
output = self.complete_output()
self.result.append((1, test, output, _exc_str))
if self.verbosity > 1:
sys.stderr.write('F ')
sys.stderr.write(str(test))
sys.stderr.write('\n')
else:
sys.stderr.write('F')
class HTMLTestRunner(Template_mixin):
"""
"""
def __init__(self, stream=sys.stdout, verbosity=1, title=None, description=None):
self.stream = stream
self.verbosity = verbosity
if title is None:
self.title = self.DEFAULT_TITLE
else:
self.title = title
if description is None:
self.description = self.DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION
else:
self.description = description
self.startTime = datetime.datetime.now()
def run(self, test):
"Run the given test case or test suite."
result = _TestResult(self.verbosity)
test(result)
self.stopTime = datetime.datetime.now()
self.generateReport(test, result)
print('\nTime Elapsed: %s' % (self.stopTime - self.startTime), file=sys.stderr)
return result
def sortResult(self, result_list):
# unittest does not seems to run in any particular order.
# Here at least we want to group them together by class.
rmap = {}
classes = []
for n, t, o, e in result_list:
cls = t.__class__
if not cls in rmap:
rmap[cls] = []
classes.append(cls)
rmap[cls].append((n, t, o, e))
r = [(cls, rmap[cls]) for cls in classes]
return r
def getReportAttributes(self, result):
"""
Return report attributes as a list of (name, value).
Override this to add custom attributes.
"""
startTime = str(self.startTime)[:19]
duration = str(self.stopTime - self.startTime)
status = []
if result.success_count: status.append('Pass %s' % result.success_count)
if result.failure_count: status.append('Failure %s' % result.failure_count)
if result.error_count: status.append('Error %s' % result.error_count)
if status:
status = ' | '.join(status)
else:
status = 'none'
return [
('Start Time', startTime),
('Duration', duration),
('Status', status),
]
def generateReport(self, test, result):
report_attrs = self.getReportAttributes(result)
generator = 'HTMLTestRunner %s' % __version__
stylesheet = self._generate_stylesheet()
heading = self._generate_heading(report_attrs)
report = self._generate_report(result)
ending = self._generate_ending()
output = self.HTML_TMPL % dict(
title=saxutils.escape(self.title),
generator=generator,
stylesheet=stylesheet,
heading=heading,
report=report,
ending=ending,
)
self.stream.write(output.encode('utf8'))
def _generate_stylesheet(self):
return self.STYLESHEET_TMPL
def _generate_heading(self, report_attrs):
a_lines = []
for name, value in report_attrs:
line = self.HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL % dict(
name=saxutils.escape(name),
value=saxutils.escape(value),
)
a_lines.append(line)
heading = self.HEADING_TMPL % dict(
title=saxutils.escape(self.title),
parameters=''.join(a_lines),
description=saxutils.escape(self.description),
)
return heading
def _generate_report(self, result):
rows = []
sortedResult = self.sortResult(result.result)
for cid, (cls, cls_results) in enumerate(sortedResult):
# subtotal for a class
np = nf = ne = 0
for n, t, o, e in cls_results:
if n == 0:
np += 1
elif n == 1:
nf += 1
else:
ne += 1
# format class description
if cls.__module__ == "__main__":
name = cls.__name__
else:
name = "%s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
doc = cls.__doc__ and cls.__doc__.split("\n")[0] or ""
desc = doc and '%s: %s' % (name, doc) or name
description = cls_results[0][1].case_name
row = self.REPORT_CLASS_TMPL % dict(
style=ne > 0 and 'errorClass' or nf > 0 and 'failClass' or 'passClass',
desc=desc,
description=description,
count=np + nf + ne,
Pass=np,
fail=nf,
error=ne,
cid='c%s' % (cid + 1),
)
rows.append(row)
for tid, (n, t, o, e) in enumerate(cls_results):
self._generate_report_test(rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e)
report = self.REPORT_TMPL % dict(
test_list=''.join(rows),
count=str(result.success_count + result.failure_count + result.error_count),
Pass=str(result.success_count),
fail=str(result.failure_count),
error=str(result.error_count),
)
return report
def _generate_report_test(self, rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e):
# e.g. 'pt1.1', 'ft1.1', etc
has_output = bool(o or e)
tid = (n == 0 and 'p' or 'f') + 't%s.%s' % (cid + 1, tid + 1)
name = t.id().split('.')[-1]
doc = t.shortDescription() or ""
desc = doc and ('%s: %s' % (name, doc)) or name
tmpl = has_output and self.REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL or self.REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL
# o and e should be byte string because they are collected from stdout and stderr?
if isinstance(o, str):
# TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
# uo = unicode(o.encode('string_escape'))
uo = o
else:
uo = o
if isinstance(e, str):
# TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
# ue = unicode(e.encode('string_escape'))
ue = e
else:
ue = e
script = self.REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL % dict(
id=tid,
output=saxutils.escape(uo + ue),
)
row = tmpl % dict(
tid=tid,
Class=(n == 0 and 'hiddenRow' or 'none'),
style=n == 2 and 'errorCase' or (n == 1 and 'failCase' or 'none'),
desc=desc,
script=script,
status=self.STATUS[n],
)
rows.append(row)
if not has_output:
return
def _generate_ending(self):
return self.ENDING_TMPL
##############################################################################
# Facilities for running tests from the command line
##############################################################################
# Note: Reuse unittest.TestProgram to launch test. In the future we may
# build our own launcher to support more specific command line
# parameters like test title, CSS, etc.
class TestProgram(unittest.TestProgram):
"""
A variation of the unittest.TestProgram. Please refer to the base
class for command line parameters.
"""
def runTests(self):
# Pick HTMLTestRunner as the default test runner.
# base class's testRunner parameter is not useful because it means
# we have to instantiate HTMLTestRunner before we know self.verbosity.
if self.testRunner is None:
self.testRunner = HTMLTestRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity)
unittest.TestProgram.runTests(self)
main = TestProgram
##############################################################################
# Executing this module from the command line
##############################################################################
if __name__ == "__main__":
main(module=None)
7、配置读取测试用例的基类
一个接口传参可能有很多，设计测试用例的时候我们考虑会很多 正常的 不正常的 等等
class ReadExcel():
def get_xls(self,xls_name,sheet_name):
cls = []
#拼接文件路径
xlsPath = os.path.join(basepath,'test_file','case',xls_name)
#打开文件 login.xls
file = open_workbook(xlsPath)
#获取sheet 也就是 login.xls文件的 sheet名字
sheet = file.sheet_by_name(sheet_name)
#获取行数
nrows = sheet.nrows
for i in range(nrows):
if sheet.row_values(i)[0] != u'case_name':
#获取整行 整列的值 返回必须是数字 所以上面有空的 cls数组
cls.append(sheet.row_values(i))
return cls
贴上测试用的excel
代码中的 sheet 指的就是 excel中的 login
8、编写配置文件
我们创建一个新文件夹 创建 config.ini 文件 格式如下
9、编写项目路径基类
import os
def get_basepath():
#获取文件路径
basepath = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]
return basepath
10、编写测试类
login_xls = readExcel.ReadExcel().get_xls("login.xls","login")
url = readConfig.ReadConfig().get_http("loginurl")
@paramunittest.parametrized(*login_xls)
class testUserLogin(unittest.TestCase):
def setParameters(self,case_name,path,data,method):
self.case_name = str(case_name)
self.path = str(path)
self.data = str(data)
self.method = str(method)
def description(self):
self.case_name
def setUp(self):
print(self.case_name + "测试开始前准备")
#调用测试方法
def testLogin(self):
self.checkResult()
def tearDown(self):
print("测试结束，输出log完结\n\n")
def checkResult(self):
#将读取到的 data 转为 json格式
data = json.loads(self.data)
#调用 configHTTP 类中的run_main方法
info = RunMain().run_main(self.method,url+self.path,data)
#将得到的返回值进行格式化并取值判断
print(info)
res = json.loads(info)
if self.case_name == "login":
self.assertEqual(res['code'],200)
if self.case_name == "login_error":
self.assertEqual(res['code'],404)
self.assertEqual(res['msg'], '密码错误')
if self.case_name == "login_null":
self.assertEqual(res['code'],404)
因为接口定义只接受json格式的参数 所以我们在读取到excel中数据的时候 需要将其转换为json格式
data = json.loads(self.data)
调用 configHTTP类中的 RunMain()方法 返回值就是 接口的返回值 我们处理返回值就可以得到我们想要的数据
例如 脚本中
self.assertEqual(res['code'],200)
将返回值中的code 与 200 比较看看是否相等，如果不相等则结果错误查看日志
setUp() 方法让我们可以在测试开始之前进行数据的准备
testLogin（）就是我们测试的主方法
tearDown（）测试结束之后执行的放
我们所有的打印类容都可以在网页中查看
11、编写总运行发放
import os
import common.HTMLTestRunner as HTMLTestRunner
import common.configEmail as configEmail
import read.readConfig as readConfig
import getPath
import unittest
basepath = getPath.get_basepath()
report_path = os.path.join(basepath,'result')
class AllTest:
def __init__(self):
global resultPath
resultPath = os.path.join(report_path,'report.html')
self.caseListFile = os.path.join(basepath,'test_file\caselist.txt')
self.caseFile = os.path.join(basepath,'test_case')
self.caseList = []
def set_case_list(self):
"""
读取caselist.txt文件中的用例名称，并添加到caselist元素组
:return:
"""
fb = open(self.caseListFile)
for value in fb.readlines():
data = str(value)
# 如果data非空且不以#开头
if data != '' and not data.startswith('#'):
# 读取每行数据会将换行转换为\n，去掉每行数据中的\n
self.caseList.append(data.replace("\n",""))
fb.close()
def set_case_suite(self):
# 通过set_case_list()拿到caselist元素组
self.set_case_list()
test_suite = unittest.TestSuite()
suite_module = []
# 从caselist元素组中循环取出case
for case in self.caseList:
# 通过split函数来将user/login_case分割字符串，-1取后面，0取前面
case_name = case.split("/")[-1]
# 打印出取出来的名称
print(case_name+'.py')
# 批量加载用例，第一个参数为用例存放路径，第一个参数为路径文件名 参考这个 https://blog.csdn.net/happyuu/article/details/80683161
discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(self.caseFile, pattern=case_name+'.py',top_level_dir=None)
# 将discover存入suite_module元素
suite_module.append(discover)
# 判断suite_module元素组是否存在元素
if len(suite_module)>0:
# 如果存在，循环取出元素组内容，命名为suite
for suite in suite_module:
# 从discover中取出test_name，使用addTest添加到测试集
for test_name in suite:
test_suite.addTest(test_name)
else:
return None
return test_suite
def run(self):
try:
# 调用set_case_suite获取test_suite
suit = self.set_case_suite()
# 判断test_suite是否为空
if suit is not None:
# 打开result/report.html测试报告文件，如果不存在就创建
fp = open(resultPath,'wb')
# 调用HTMLTestRunner 这个文件不用管 网上有可以直接下载的
runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,title="测试报告",description="测试说明")
runner.run(suit)
else:
print("没有案例可以测试")
finally:
on_off = readConfig.ReadConfig().get_email('on_off')
if on_off =='on':
configEmail.Email().send_email()
elif on_off == 'off':
print('发送邮件已关闭')
fp.close()
if __name__=="__main__":
AllTest().run()
这里需要编写一个caselist 用于存放该类需要运行那些 测试用例 不需要运行的我们可以注释起来
最后为大家献上 所有源码 仅供参考 ps：有些功能还没写完~ 接口测试
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