python中的反射和自省

Introspection

examine something, typically an object, at runtime.

dir()

dir(object)

['__class__',
 '__delattr__',
 '__dir__',
 '__doc__',
 '__eq__',
 '__format__',
 '__ge__',
 '__getattribute__',
 '__gt__',
 '__hash__',
 '__init__',
 '__init_subclass__',
 '__le__',
 '__lt__',
 '__ne__',
 '__new__',
 '__reduce__',
 '__reduce_ex__',
 '__repr__',
 '__setattr__',
 '__sizeof__',
 '__str__',
 '__subclasshook__']

type checking

type(int)

type

int.__class__

type

isinstance(4, int)

True

issubclass(int, object)

True

inspect

import inspect
inspect.isclass(int)

True

def foo():
    '''foo comments'''
    pass
inspect.getsource(foo)

"def foo():\n    '''foo comments'''\n    pass\n"

[attr for attr in dir(inspect) if attr.startswith('is')]

['isabstract',
 'isasyncgen',
 'isasyncgenfunction',
 'isawaitable',
 'isbuiltin',
 'isclass',
 'iscode',
 'iscoroutine',