OC类原理

OC类原理

指针拷贝

普通指针 - 值拷贝

对象 - 指针拷贝
数组指针

for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
    int value = *(d + i);
    NSLog(@"%d", value);
}

类的结构

编译后的代码

源码定义 typedef struct objc_class *Class;
继承自struct objc_class : objc_object
objc_object结构（结构体写法）：

NSObject结构（OC写法）：

万物皆对象 类 - 类对象
objc_class结构：

类的定义

指针便宜

struct objc_class : objc_object {
    // Class ISA;        //指针 8字节
    Class superclass;    //指针 8字节
    cache_t cache;       //结构体  8 + 4 + 4 = 16字节     // formerly cache pointer and vtable
    class_data_bits_t bits;    // class_rw_t * plus custom rr/alloc flags

struct cache_t {
    struct bucket_t *_buckets; //指针 8字节
    mask_t _mask;              // 4字节
    mask_t _occupied;          // 4字节

typedef uint32_t mask_t;  // x86_64 & arm64 asm are less efficient with 16-bits

所以bits的地址是 isa + 8 + 8 + 16
bits内部数据结构

struct class_rw_t {
    // Be warned that Symbolication knows the layout of this structure.
    uint32_t flags;
    uint32_t version;

    const class_ro_t *ro;     // 成员变量和属性在这里

    method_array_t methods;
    property_array_t properties;
    protocol_array_t protocols;

    Class firstSubclass;
    Class nextSiblingClass;

    char *demangledName;

#if SUPPORT_INDEXED_ISA
    uint32_t index;
#endif

class_ro_t结构

struct class_ro_t {
    uint32_t flags;
    uint32_t instanceStart;
    uint32_t instanceSize;
#ifdef __LP64__
    uint32_t reserved;
#endif

    const uint8_t * ivarLayout;
    
    const char * name;
    method_list_t * baseMethodList;    //方法
    protocol_list_t * baseProtocols;
    const ivar_list_t * ivars;       //属性和成员变量

    const uint8_t * weakIvarLayout;
    property_list_t *baseProperties;  //属性

    method_list_t *baseMethods() const {
        return baseMethodList;
    }
};

方法结构

struct method_t {
    SEL name;
    const char *types;
    MethodListIMP imp;

一些实用方法

void testObjc_copyIvar_copyProperies(Class pClass){
    
    unsigned int count = 0;
    Ivar *ivars = class_copyIvarList(pClass, &count);
    for (unsigned int i=0; i < count; i++) {
        Ivar const ivar = ivars[i];
        //获取实例变量名
        const char*cName = ivar_getName(ivar);
        NSString *ivarName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:cName];
        NSLog(@"class_copyIvarList:%@",ivarName);
    }
    free(ivars);

    unsigned int pCount = 0;
    objc_property_t *properties = class_copyPropertyList(pClass, &pCount);
    for (unsigned int i=0; i < pCount; i++) {
        objc_property_t const property = properties[i];
        //获取属性名
        NSString *propertyName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(property)];
        //获取属性值
        NSLog(@"class_copyProperiesList:%@",propertyName);
    }
    free(properties);
}

void testObjc_copyMethodList(Class pClass){
    unsigned int count = 0;
    Method *methods = class_copyMethodList(pClass, &count);
    for (unsigned int i=0; i < count; i++) {
        Method const method = methods[i];
        //获取方法名
        NSString *key = NSStringFromSelector(method_getName(method));
        
        NSLog(@"Method, name: %@", key);
    }
    free(methods);
}

void testInstanceMethod_classToMetaclass(Class pClass){
    
    const char *className = class_getName(pClass);
    Class metaClass = objc_getMetaClass(className);
    
    Method method1 = class_getInstanceMethod(pClass, @selector(sayHello));
    Method method2 = class_getInstanceMethod(metaClass, @selector(sayHello));

    Method method3 = class_getInstanceMethod(pClass, @selector(sayHappy));
    Method method4 = class_getInstanceMethod(metaClass, @selector(sayHappy));
    
    NSLog(@"%p-%p-%p-%p",method1,method2,method3,method4);
    NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
}

void testClassMethod_classToMetaclass(Class pClass){
    
    const char *className = class_getName(pClass);
    Class metaClass = objc_getMetaClass(className);
    
    Method method1 = class_getClassMethod(pClass, @selector(sayHello));
    Method method2 = class_getClassMethod(metaClass, @selector(sayHello));

    Method method3 = class_getClassMethod(pClass, @selector(sayHappy));
    Method method4 = class_getClassMethod(metaClass, @selector(sayHappy)); // ?
    
    NSLog(@"%p-%p-%p-%p",method1,method2,method3,method4);
    NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
}

void testIMP_classToMetaclass(Class pClass){
    
    const char *className = class_getName(pClass);
    Class metaClass = objc_getMetaClass(className);

    IMP imp1 = class_getMethodImplementation(pClass, @selector(sayHello));
    IMP imp2 = class_getMethodImplementation(metaClass, @selector(sayHello));

    IMP imp3 = class_getMethodImplementation(pClass, @selector(sayHappy));
    IMP imp4 = class_getMethodImplementation(metaClass, @selector(sayHappy));

    NSLog(@"%p-%p-%p-%p",imp1,imp2,imp3,imp4);
    NSLog(@"%s",__func__);
}

成员变量 ivas
属性 property
对象方法 类里面
类方法 元类