交换两个参数不含第三参数

不适用第三个参数交换两个参数的值

1. 算数法
   实质是对变量的加减运算；

//伪代码
int a,b;
a = 5;
b = 3;
a = b - a;//a = -2;
b = b - a;//b = 5;
a = a + b;//a = 3

2. 指针地址操作
   是地址做减法和加法，地址的互相替换；
   此处要考虑地址的大小，不可以0x00000010-0x00000120。

int * a;//假设a的地址0x00000100
int * b;//b的地址0x00000120
a = new int(5);
b = new int(-3);
a = (int *)(b - a);//0x00000020
b = (int *)(b - a);//0x00000120 - 0x00000020
a = (int *）(a + b);//0x00000020 + 0x00000010

3. 位运算
   通过异或运算实现变量的对换；’

int a = 5; //00000101
int b = -3;//11111100
a = a^b;   //11111001
b = a^b;   //00000101
a = a^b;   //11111100

4. 乘除法
   适合非负数

int a = 5;
int b = -3;
if(a < 0 )
{
	a = a*b;
	b = -a/b;
	a = a/b;
}
else if(b < 0)
{
	a = a*b;
	b = a/b;
	a = -a/b;
}
else
{
	a = a*b;
	b = a/b;
	a = a/b;
}