PointOperation07_Matlab实现灰度gray图线性直方图均衡（Linear Histogram Equalization）

1 计算原理

通过直方图均衡，可以将图像像素的直方图（PDF）调整为均匀分布（uniform distribution），如图示：

其中，$h(i)$为图像的直方图（PDF），$H(i)为图像的累计直方图（CDF）$
记某像素点的值为p，对各像素点做以下操作：
$f(p)=\lfloor H(p)\frac{K-1}{HW}+0.5\rfloor$
其中H为图像高，W为图像宽，K为灰度等级（256）；0.5为四舍五入，也可以不加。

2 代码实现

%% Generating an image with limited gray scale
% define the size of the image with 256*256
w = 256;
h = 256;
orgIMG = uint8(normrnd(128,20,[256,256]));

% uint8: 0~255 -> 0~255
% mat2gray: 0~255 -> 0~1 (0~255/255)
figure(1);
subplot(1,3,1);
imshow(orgIMG);
title('Original img');

subplot(1,3,2);
imhist(orgIMG);
orgHist = imhist(orgIMG);
axis([0 255 0 1400]);
title('Histogram of the original img (~PDF)');

subplot(1,3,3);
orgHistSum = zeros([1 255]);
for i = 1:256
    orgHistSum(i) = sum(orgHist(1:i));
end
% Remove the match caps
h1 = stem(0:255,orgHistSum);
h1.Marker = 'none';
title('Accumulative Histogram of the original img (~CDF)');

%% Doing linear histogram equalization
newIMG = double(orgIMG);
newIMG = uint8(floor(orgHistSum(newIMG).*(255/(w*h))+0.5));

figure(2);
subplot(1,3,1);
imshow(newIMG);
title('Modified img');

subplot(1,3,2);
imhist(newIMG);
newHist = imhist(newIMG);
axis([0 255 0 1400]);
title('Histogram of the modified img (~PDF)');

subplot(1,3,3);
newHistSum = zeros([1 255]);
for i = 1:256
    newHistSum(i) = sum(newHist(1:i));
end
h2 = stem(0:255,newHistSum);
h2.Marker = 'none';
title('Accumulative Histogram of the modified img (~CDF)');

3 效果展示

原图：

处理后：

4 源码下载

源码下载地址：点击此处