FFmpeg的AVIODirContext

先贴上一个它的使用方式，这个是专门用来操作文件的函数族，想要理解，最好的莫过于案例了
另外这个函数族功能绝对比你想得要强大许多，能打开各类流协议

案例

#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavformat/avformat.h>
#include <libavformat/avio.h>

static const char *type_string(int type)
{
    switch (type) {
    case AVIO_ENTRY_DIRECTORY:
        return "<DIR>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_FILE:
        return "<FILE>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_BLOCK_DEVICE:
        return "<BLOCK DEVICE>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_CHARACTER_DEVICE:
        return "<CHARACTER DEVICE>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_NAMED_PIPE:
        return "<PIPE>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_SYMBOLIC_LINK:
        return "<LINK>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_SOCKET:
        return "<SOCKET>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_SERVER:
        return "<SERVER>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_SHARE:
        return "<SHARE>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_WORKGROUP:
        return "<WORKGROUP>";
    case AVIO_ENTRY_UNKNOWN:
    default:
        break;
    }
    return "<UNKNOWN>";
}

static int list_op(const char *input_dir)
{
    AVIODirEntry *entry = NULL;
    AVIODirContext *ctx = NULL;
    int cnt, ret;
    char filemode[4], uid_and_gid[20];

    if ((ret = avio_open_dir(&ctx, input_dir, NULL)) < 0) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot open directory: %s.\n", av_err2str(ret));
        goto fail;
    }

    cnt = 0;
    for (;;) {
        if ((ret = avio_read_dir(ctx, &entry)) < 0) {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot list directory: %s.\n", av_err2str(ret));
            goto fail;
        }
        if (!entry)
            break;
        if (entry->filemode == -1) {
            snprintf(filemode, 4, "???");
        } else {
            snprintf(filemode, 4, "%3"PRIo64, entry->filemode);
        }
        snprintf(uid_and_gid, 20, "%"PRId64"(%"PRId64")", entry->user_id, entry->group_id);
        if (cnt == 0)
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "%-9s %12s %30s %10s %s %16s %16s %16s\n",
                   "TYPE", "SIZE", "NAME", "UID(GID)", "UGO", "MODIFIED",
                   "ACCESSED", "STATUS_CHANGED");
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "%-9s %12"PRId64" %30s %10s %s %16"PRId64" %16"PRId64" %16"PRId64"\n",
               type_string(entry->type),
               entry->size,
               entry->name,
               uid_and_gid,
               filemode,
               entry->modification_timestamp,
               entry->access_timestamp,
               entry->status_change_timestamp);
        avio_free_directory_entry(&entry);
        cnt++;
    };

  fail:
    avio_close_dir(&ctx);
    return ret;
}

static void usage(const char *program_name)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s input_dir\n"
            "API example program to show how to list files in directory "
            "accessed through AVIOContext.\n", program_name);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int ret;

    av_log_set_level(AV_LOG_DEBUG);

    if (argc < 2) {
        usage(argv[0]);
        return 1;
    }

    avformat_network_init();

    ret = list_op(argv[1]);

    avformat_network_deinit();

    return ret < 0 ? 1 : 0;
}

结构体定义

它的结构体

/**
 * Directory entry types.
 */
enum AVIODirEntryType {
    AVIO_ENTRY_UNKNOWN,
    AVIO_ENTRY_BLOCK_DEVICE,
    AVIO_ENTRY_CHARACTER_DEVICE,
    AVIO_ENTRY_DIRECTORY,
    AVIO_ENTRY_NAMED_PIPE,
    AVIO_ENTRY_SYMBOLIC_LINK,
    AVIO_ENTRY_SOCKET,
    AVIO_ENTRY_FILE,
    AVIO_ENTRY_SERVER,
    AVIO_ENTRY_SHARE,
    AVIO_ENTRY_WORKGROUP,
};

/**
 * Describes single entry of the directory.
 *
 * Only name and type fields are guaranteed be set.
 * Rest of fields are protocol or/and platform dependent and might be unknown.
 */
typedef struct AVIODirEntry {
    char *name;                           /**< Filename */
    int type;                             /**< Type of the entry */
    int utf8;                             /**< Set to 1 when name is encoded with UTF-8, 0 otherwise.
                                               Name can be encoded with UTF-8 even though 0 is set. */
    int64_t size;                         /**< File size in bytes, -1 if unknown. */
    int64_t modification_timestamp;       /**< Time of last modification in microseconds since unix
                                               epoch, -1 if unknown. */
    int64_t access_timestamp;             /**< Time of last access in microseconds since unix epoch,
                                               -1 if unknown. */
    int64_t status_change_timestamp;      /**< Time of last status change in microseconds since unix
                                               epoch, -1 if unknown. */
    int64_t user_id;                      /**< User ID of owner, -1 if unknown. */
    int64_t group_id;                     /**< Group ID of owner, -1 if unknown. */
    int64_t filemode;                     /**< Unix file mode, -1 if unknown. */
} AVIODirEntry;

typedef struct AVIODirContext {
    struct URLContext *url_context;
} AVIODirContext;

操作函数

最后是它的操作函数，

/**
 * Return the name of the protocol that will handle the passed URL.
 *
 * NULL is returned if no protocol could be found for the given URL.
 *
 * @return Name of the protocol or NULL.
 */
const char *avio_find_protocol_name(const char *url);

/**
 * Return AVIO_FLAG_* access flags corresponding to the access permissions
 * of the resource in url, or a negative value corresponding to an
 * AVERROR code in case of failure. The returned access flags are
 * masked by the value in flags.
 *
 * @note This function is intrinsically unsafe, in the sense that the
 * checked resource may change its existence or permission status from
 * one call to another. Thus you should not trust the returned value,
 * unless you are sure that no other processes are accessing the
 * checked resource.
 */
int avio_check(const char *url, int flags);

/**
 * Open directory for reading.
 *
 * @param s       directory read context. Pointer to a NULL pointer must be passed.
 * @param url     directory to be listed.
 * @param options A dictionary filled with protocol-private options. On return
 *                this parameter will be destroyed and replaced with a dictionary
 *                containing options that were not found. May be NULL.
 * @return >=0 on success or negative on error.
 */
int avio_open_dir(AVIODirContext **s, const char *url, AVDictionary **options);

/**
 * Get next directory entry.
 *
 * Returned entry must be freed with avio_free_directory_entry(). In particular
 * it may outlive AVIODirContext.
 *
 * @param s         directory read context.
 * @param[out] next next entry or NULL when no more entries.
 * @return >=0 on success or negative on error. End of list is not considered an
 *             error.
 */
int avio_read_dir(AVIODirContext *s, AVIODirEntry **next);

/**
 * Close directory.
 *
 * @note Entries created using avio_read_dir() are not deleted and must be
 * freeded with avio_free_directory_entry().
 *
 * @param s         directory read context.
 * @return >=0 on success or negative on error.
 */
int avio_close_dir(AVIODirContext **s);

/**
 * Free entry allocated by avio_read_dir().
 *
 * @param entry entry to be freed.
 */
void avio_free_directory_entry(AVIODirEntry **entry);