爬虫学习案例3：数据可视化

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-13 14:05:59 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-05-13 14:05:59 发布

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分类专栏： Spiders

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数据可视化

利用Flask框架将爬虫得到的数据展示在网页中，更为直观。以案例1中得到的数据为例进行可视化学习。

1、导入模块

from flask import Flask,render_template
import sqlite3#数据库
import os.path#文件路径

2、首页路由

#首页
@app.route('/')
def index():
    return render_template("index.html")
@app.route('/index')
def index1():
    return render_template("index.html")

@app.route(’/index)中传入URL路径，render_template(“index.html”)中传入该路由对应的HTML文件。

3、电影页路由

#电影
@app.route('/movie')
def movie():
    datalist  = []
    dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))#使用绝对路径可连接数据库
    db_path = os.path.join(dir_path, "movie.db")
    con = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
    cur = con.cursor()
    sql = "select * from movie250"
    data = cur.execute(sql)
    for item in data:
        datalist.append(item)
    cur.close()
    con.close()
    # print(datalist)
    return render_template("movie.html",movies = datalist)

读取数据库中"movie250"表格的所有信息追加到同一个列表并传入到相应HTML文件中。

4、评分页路由

#评分
@app.route('/score')
def score():
    score = []#评分
    num = []#评分电影数量
    dir_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))  # 使用绝对路径可连接数据库
    db_path = os.path.join(dir_path, "movie.db")
    con = sqlite3.connect(db_path)
    cur = con.cursor()
    sql = "select score,count(score) from movie250 group by score"
    data = cur.execute(sql)
    for item in data:
        score.append(str(item[0]))
        # score.append(item[0])
        num.append(item[1])
    cur.close()
    con.close()
    return render_template("score.html",score=score,num=num)

读取数据库中"movie250"表格的评分信息并计数，然后追加到同一个列表并传入到相应HTML文件中。

5、词云页路由

#词云
@app.route('/word')
def word():
    return render_template("word.html")

6、团队页路由

#团队
@app.route('/team')
def team():
    return render_template("team.html")

7、函数入口

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug = True)

8、词云图的制作

#导入模块
import jieba                        #分词
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt#绘图，数据可视化
from wordcloud import WordCloud     #词云
from PIL import Image               #图片处理
import numpy as np                  #矩阵运算
import sqlite3                      #数据库

#获取词云
con = sqlite3.connect('movie.db')
cur = con.cursor()
sql = 'select introduction from movie250'
data = cur.execute(sql)
text = ""
for item in data:
    text = text + item[0]
print(text)
cur.close()
con.close()

#分词
cut = jieba.cut(text)
string = ' '.join(cut)
print(len(string))#分词个数

#遮罩图设置
img = Image.open('tree.jpg')#白底图
img_array = np.array(img)#将图片转换为数组，做计算
wc = WordCloud(
    background_color='white',
    mask=img_array,
    font_path="simhei.ttf"#电脑字体路径C:\Windows\Fonts
)
wc.generate_from_text(string)

#绘图
fig = plt.figure(1)
plt.imshow(wc)
plt.axis('off')#不显示坐标轴
# plt.show()#显示生成词云图
plt.savefig('word.jpg',dpi=1000)#词云图文件输出保存

流程：
①导入模块。
②利用sql模块读取数据库中introduction 信息并放到同一个字符串中。
③利用jieba模块对字符串进行分词。
④利用wordcloud 和numpy模块选择词云图的遮罩图并设置基本参数。
⑤利用matplotlib 模块生成词云图。

9、HTML文档

首页：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">

  <title>豆瓣Top250数据可视化</title>
  <meta content="" name="descriptison">
  <meta content="" name="keywords">

  <!-- Favicons -->
  <link href="static/assets/img/favicon.png" rel="icon">
  <link href="static/assets/img/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon">

  <!-- Google Fonts -->
  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i|Raleway:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i,900" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Vendor CSS Files -->
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/icofont/icofont.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/boxicons/css/boxicons.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/animate.css/animate.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.css" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Template Main CSS File -->
  <link href="static/assets/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet">

    <!--在线添加iconfont图标-->
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://at.alicdn.com/t/font_2235624_56mknna7pdt.css">

</head>

<body>

  <!-- ======= Header ======= -->
  <header id="header">
    <div class="container">

      <div class="logo float-left">
        <h1 class="text-light"><a href="/index"><span>Mamba</span></a></h1>
        <!-- Uncomment below if you prefer to use an image logo -->
        <!-- <a hrtemp.htmlhtml"><img src="static/assets/img/logo.png" alt="" class="img-fluid"></a>-->
      </div>

      <nav class="nav-menu float-right d-none d-lg-block">
        <ul>
          <li class="active"><a href="/index">首页 <i class="la la-angle-down"></i></a></li>
          <li><a href="/movie">电影</a></li>
          <li><a href="/score">评分</a></li>
          <li><a href="/word">词云</a></li>
          <li><a href="/team">团队</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav><!-- .nav-menu -->

    </div>
  </header><!-- End Header -->

  <!-- ======= Our Team Section ======= -->
  <section id="team" class="team">
      <div class="container">

        <div class="section-title">
          <h2>豆瓣Top250数据可视化</h2>
          <p>应用Python爬虫、Flask框架、Echarts、WordCloud等技术实现</p>
        </div>

    <!-- ======= Counts Section ======= -->
    <section class="counts section-bg">
      <div class="container">

        <div class="row">

          <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 text-center" data-aos="fade-up">
              <a href= "/movie">
                <div class="count-box">
                   <i class="iconfont icon-dianying" style="color: #1296db;"></i><!--在线添加iconfont图标：见官网的使用帮助-->
                    <span data-toggle="counter-up">250</span>
                    <p>经典电影</p>
                 </div>
              </a>
          </div>

          <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 text-center" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-delay="200">
              <a href="/score">
                 <div class="count-box">
                     <i class="iconfont icon-icon-tongji"></i>
                     <span data-toggle="counter-up">1</span>
                     <p>评分统计</p>
                 </div>
              </a>
          </div>

          <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 text-center" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-delay="400">
            <a href="/word">
              <div class="count-box">
                  <i class="iconfont icon-ciyun"></i>
                  <span data-toggle="counter-up">5566</span>
                  <p>词汇统计</p>
              </div>
            </a>
          </div>

          <div class="col-lg-3 col-md-6 text-center" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-delay="600">
              <a href="/team">
                  <div class="count-box">
                      <i class="iconfont icon-group"></i>
                      <span data-toggle="counter-up">5</span>
                      <p>团队成员</p>
                  </div>
              </a>
          </div>

        </div>

      </div>
    </section><!-- End Counts Section -->
      </div>
    </section><!-- End Our Team Section -->

  <main id="main">

  </main><!-- End #main -->

  <!-- ======= Footer ======= -->
  <footer id="footer">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="copyright">
        &copy; Copyright <strong><span>Mamba</span></strong>. All Rights Reserved
      </div>
    </div>
  </footer><!-- End Footer -->

  <a href="#" class="back-to-top"><i class="icofont-simple-up"></i></a>

  <!-- Vendor JS Files -->
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery.easing/jquery.easing.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/php-email-form/validate.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery-sticky/jquery.sticky.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/waypoints/jquery.waypoints.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/counterup/counterup.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/isotope-layout/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.js"></script>

  <!-- Template Main JS File -->
  <script src="static/assets/js/main.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

电影页：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">

  <title>豆瓣Top250数据可视化</title>
  <meta content="" name="descriptison">
  <meta content="" name="keywords">

  <!-- Favicons -->
  <link href="../static/assets/img/favicon.png" rel="icon">
  <link href="../static/assets/img/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon">

  <!-- Google Fonts -->
  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i|Raleway:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i,900" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Vendor CSS Files -->
  <link href="../static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="../static/assets/vendor/icofont/icofont.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="../static/assets/vendor/boxicons/css/boxicons.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="../static/assets/vendor/animate.css/animate.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="../static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="../static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.css" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Template Main CSS File -->
  <link href="../static/assets/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

  <!-- ======= Header ======= -->
  <header id="header">
    <div class="container">

      <div class="logo float-left">
        <h1 class="text-light"><a href="index.html"><span>Mamba</span></a></h1>
        <!-- Uncomment below if you prefer to use an image logo -->
        <!-- <a hrtemp.htmlhtml"><img src="static/assets/img/logo.png" alt="" class="img-fluid"></a>-->
      </div>

      <nav class="nav-menu float-right d-none d-lg-block">
        <ul>
          <li class="active"><a href="/index">首页 <i class="la la-angle-down"></i></a></li>
          <li><a href="/movie">电影</a></li>
          <li><a href="/score">评分</a></li>
          <li><a href="/word">词云</a></li>
          <li><a href="/team">团队</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav><!-- .nav-menu -->

    </div>
  </header><!-- End Header -->

  <!-- ======= Our Team Section ======= -->
  <section id="team" class="team">
      <div class="container">

        <div class="section-title">
          <h2>豆瓣电影Top250电影名单</h2>
        </div>

    <!-- ======= Counts Section ======= -->
    <section class="counts section-bg">
      <div class="container">
          <table class="table table-hover"><!--列表，样式为bootstrap-->
              <tr><!--行---->
                  <td>排名</td>
                  <td>电影中文名称</td>
                  <td>电影外文名称</td>
                  <td>评分</td>
                  <td>评价人数</td>
                  <td>概述</td>
                  <td>人员</td>
              </tr>
              <!--显示信息-->
              {% for movie in movies %}
                 <tr><!--行---->
                  <td>{{ movie[0] }}</td>
                  <td>
                      <a href="{{ movie[1] }}"target="_blank"><!--打开新网页-->
                      {{ movie[3] }}
                      </a>
                  </td>
                  <td>{{ movie[4] }}</td>
                  <td>{{ movie[5] }}</td>
                  <td>{{ movie[6] }}</td>
                  <td>{{ movie[7] }}</td>
                  <td>{{ movie[8] }}</td>
              </tr>
              {% endfor %}


          </table>
      </div>

      </div>
    </section><!-- End Counts Section -->
      </div>
    </section><!-- End Our Team Section -->

  <main id="main">

  </main><!-- End #main -->

  <!-- ======= Footer ======= -->
  <footer id="footer">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="copyright">
        &copy; Copyright <strong><span>Mamba</span></strong>. All Rights Reserved
      </div>
    </div>
  </footer><!-- End Footer -->

  <a href="#" class="back-to-top"><i class="icofont-simple-up"></i></a>

  <!-- Vendor JS Files -->
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/jquery.easing/jquery.easing.min.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/php-email-form/validate.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/jquery-sticky/jquery.sticky.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.min.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/waypoints/jquery.waypoints.min.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/counterup/counterup.min.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/isotope-layout/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="../static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.js"></script>

  <!-- Template Main JS File -->
  <script src="../static/assets/js/main.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

评分页：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">
 <!-- 引入 ECharts 文件 -->
  <script src="static/assets/js/echarts.min.js"></script>

  <title>豆瓣Top250数据可视化</title>
  <meta content="" name="descriptison">
  <meta content="" name="keywords">

  <!-- Favicons -->
  <link href="static/assets/img/favicon.png" rel="icon">
  <link href="static/assets/img/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon">

  <!-- Google Fonts -->
  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i|Raleway:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i,900" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Vendor CSS Files -->
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/icofont/icofont.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/boxicons/css/boxicons.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/animate.css/animate.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.css" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Template Main CSS File -->
  <link href="static/assets/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

  <!-- ======= Header ======= -->
  <header id="header">
    <div class="container">

      <div class="logo float-left">
        <h1 class="text-light"><a href="temp.html"><span>Mamba</span></a></h1>
        <!-- Uncomment below if you prefer to use an image logo -->
        <!-- <a hrtemp.htmlhtml"><img src="static/assets/img/logo.png" alt="" class="img-fluid"></a>-->
      </div>

      <nav class="nav-menu float-right d-none d-lg-block">
        <ul>
          <li class="active"><a href="/index">首页 <i class="la la-angle-down"></i></a></li>
          <li><a href="/movie">电影</a></li>
          <li><a href="/score">评分</a></li>
          <li><a href="/word">词云</a></li>
          <li><a href="/team">团队</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav><!-- .nav-menu -->

    </div>
  </header><!-- End Header -->

  <!-- ======= Our Team Section ======= -->
  <section id="team" class="team">
      <div class="container">

        <div class="section-title">
          <h2>评分分布图</h2>
        </div>

    <!-- ======= Counts Section ======= -->
    <section class="counts section-bg">
      <div class="container">
      <!-- 为 ECharts 准备一个具备大小（宽高）的 DOM -->
      <div id="main" style="width: 100%;height:350px;"></div>

      </div>
    </section><!-- End Counts Section -->
      </div>
    </section><!-- End Our Team Section -->

<script type="text/javascript">
var dom = document.getElementById("main");//id不能重名
var myChart = echarts.init(dom);
var app = {};
option = null;
option = {
    tooltip: {
        trigger: 'axis',
        axisPointer: {
            type: 'shadow'
        }
    },
    grid:{
        left:30,
        right:30,
        top:30,
        bottom:30
    },
    color:['blue'],
    xAxis: {
        type: 'category',
        data:{{ score|tojson }}<!--转换为json格式-->
        <!--data: {{ score }}-->
        <!--data: ['Mon', 'Tue', 'Wed', 'Thu', 'Fri', 'Sat', 'Sun']-->
    },
    yAxis: {
        type: 'value'
    },
    series: [{
        data: {{ num }},
        <!--data: [120, 200, 150, 80, 70, 110, 130],-->
        barWidth:'50%',
        type: 'bar'
    }]
};
;
if (option && typeof option === "object") {
    myChart.setOption(option, true);
}
       </script>

  <main id="main">

  </main><!-- End #main -->

  <!-- ======= Footer ======= -->
  <footer id="footer">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="copyright">
        &copy; Copyright <strong><span>Mamba</span></strong>. All Rights Reserved
      </div>
    </div>
  </footer><!-- End Footer -->

  <a href="#" class="back-to-top"><i class="icofont-simple-up"></i></a>

  <!-- Vendor JS Files -->
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery.easing/jquery.easing.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/php-email-form/validate.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery-sticky/jquery.sticky.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/waypoints/jquery.waypoints.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/counterup/counterup.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/isotope-layout/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.js"></script>

  <!-- Template Main JS File -->
  <script src="static/assets/js/main.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

词云页：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">

  <title>豆瓣Top250数据可视化</title>
  <meta content="" name="descriptison">
  <meta content="" name="keywords">

  <!-- Favicons -->
  <link href="static/assets/img/favicon.png" rel="icon">
  <link href="static/assets/img/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon">

  <!-- Google Fonts -->
  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i|Raleway:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i,900" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Vendor CSS Files -->
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/icofont/icofont.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/boxicons/css/boxicons.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/animate.css/animate.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.css" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Template Main CSS File -->
  <link href="static/assets/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

  <!-- ======= Header ======= -->
  <header id="header">
    <div class="container">

      <div class="logo float-left">
        <h1 class="text-light"><a href="/index"><span>Mamba</span></a></h1>
        <!-- Uncomment below if you prefer to use an image logo -->
        <!-- <a hrtemp.htmlhtml"><img src="static/assets/img/logo.png" alt="" class="img-fluid"></a>-->
      </div>

      <nav class="nav-menu float-right d-none d-lg-block">
        <ul>
          <li class="active"><a href="/index">首页 <i class="la la-angle-down"></i></a></li>
          <li><a href="/movie">电影</a></li>
          <li><a href="/score">评分</a></li>
          <li><a href="/word">词云</a></li>
          <li><a href="/team">团队</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav><!-- .nav-menu -->

    </div>
  </header><!-- End Header -->

     <!-- ======= About Us Section ======= -->
    <section id="about" class="about">
      <div class="container">

        <div class="row no-gutters">
          <div class="col-lg-6 video-box">
            <img src="static/assets/img/word.jpg" class="img-fluid" alt="">
          </div>

          <div class="col-lg-6 d-flex flex-column justify-content-center about-content">

            <div class="section-title">
              <h2>词频统计</h2>
              <p>根据250部电影的一句话描述提炼出词云树，以便加深对经典电影的理解。</p>
            </div>

            <div class="icon-box" data-aos="fade-up" data-aos-delay="100">
              <div class="icon"><i class="bx bx-fingerprint"></i></div>
              <h4 class="title"><a href="">关于电影</a></h4>
              <p class="description">你对此有何感受？</p>
            </div>

          </div>
        </div>

      </div>
    </section><!-- End About Us Section -->

  <main id="main">

  </main><!-- End #main -->

  <!-- ======= Footer ======= -->
  <footer id="footer">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="copyright">
        &copy; Copyright <strong><span>Mamba</span></strong>. All Rights Reserved
      </div>
    </div>
  </footer><!-- End Footer -->

  <a href="#" class="back-to-top"><i class="icofont-simple-up"></i></a>

  <!-- Vendor JS Files -->
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery.easing/jquery.easing.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/php-email-form/validate.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery-sticky/jquery.sticky.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/waypoints/jquery.waypoints.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/counterup/counterup.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/isotope-layout/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.js"></script>

  <!-- Template Main JS File -->
  <script src="static/assets/js/main.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

团队页：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
  <meta charset="utf-8">
  <meta content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" name="viewport">

  <title>豆瓣Top250数据可视化</title>
  <meta content="" name="descriptison">
  <meta content="" name="keywords">

  <!-- Favicons -->
  <link href="static/assets/img/favicon.png" rel="icon">
  <link href="static/assets/img/apple-touch-icon.png" rel="apple-touch-icon">

  <!-- Google Fonts -->
  <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i|Raleway:300,300i,400,400i,600,600i,700,700i,900" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Vendor CSS Files -->
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/icofont/icofont.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/boxicons/css/boxicons.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/animate.css/animate.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.css" rel="stylesheet">
  <link href="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.css" rel="stylesheet">

  <!-- Template Main CSS File -->
  <link href="static/assets/css/style.css" rel="stylesheet">

</head>

<body>

  <!-- ======= Header ======= -->
  <header id="header">
    <div class="container">

      <div class="logo float-left">
        <h1 class="text-light"><a href="temp.html"><span>Mamba</span></a></h1>
        <!-- Uncomment below if you prefer to use an image logo -->
        <!-- <a hrtemp.htmlhtml"><img src="static/assets/img/logo.png" alt="" class="img-fluid"></a>-->
      </div>

      <nav class="nav-menu float-right d-none d-lg-block">
        <ul>
          <li class="active"><a href="/index">首页 <i class="la la-angle-down"></i></a></li>
          <li><a href="/movie">电影</a></li>
          <li><a href="/score">评分</a></li>
          <li><a href="/word">词云</a></li>
          <li><a href="/team">团队</a></li>
        </ul>
      </nav><!-- .nav-menu -->

    </div>
  </header><!-- End Header -->

    <!-- ======= Our Team Section ======= -->
    <section id="team" class="team">
      <div class="container">

        <div class="section-title">
          <h3 style="color: #1c5c93">我的团队</h3>
          <p>通过学习成都工业大学李巍老师教学视频制作次例</p>
        </div>

        <div class="row">

          <div style="margin:0px auto;" class="col-xl-3 col-lg-4 col-md-6" data-aos="fade-up">
            <div class="member">
              <div class="pic"><img src="static/assets/img/team/team.jpg" class="img-fluid" alt=""></div>
              <div class="member-info">
                <h4 align="center">何帅</h4>
                <span>西华大学学子</span>
                  <div class="social">
                  <a href=""><i class="icofont-twitter"></i></a>
                  <a href=""><i class="icofont-facebook"></i></a>
                  <a href=""><i class="icofont-instagram"></i></a>
                  <a href=""><i class="icofont-linkedin"></i></a>
                </div>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>

        </div>

      </div>
    </section><!-- End Our Team Section -->

  <main id="main">

  </main><!-- End #main -->

  <!-- ======= Footer ======= -->
  <footer id="footer">
    <div class="container">
      <div class="copyright">
        &copy; Copyright <strong><span>Mamba</span></strong>. All Rights Reserved
      </div>
    </div>
  </footer><!-- End Footer -->

  <a href="#" class="back-to-top"><i class="icofont-simple-up"></i></a>

  <!-- Vendor JS Files -->
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery.easing/jquery.easing.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/php-email-form/validate.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/jquery-sticky/jquery.sticky.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/venobox/venobox.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/waypoints/jquery.waypoints.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/counterup/counterup.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/isotope-layout/isotope.pkgd.min.js"></script>
  <script src="static/assets/vendor/aos/aos.js"></script>

  <!-- Template Main JS File -->
  <script src="static/assets/js/main.js"></script>

</body>

</html>

10、结果

电影页
评分页
词云页

情牵机电

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数据可视化利用Flask框架将爬虫得到的数据展示在网页中，更为直观。以案例1中得到的数据为例进行可视化学习。1、导入模块from flask import Flask,render_templateimport sqlite3#数据库import os.path#文件路径2、首页路由#首页@app.route('/')def index(): return render_template("index.html")@app.route('/index')def index1(
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