数据分析之Matplotlib

PLT

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
x=[i for i in range(10)]
y=[j for j in range(10)]
plt.title("plt demo")
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
x=[i for i in range(10)]
y=[j for j in range(10)]
plt.title("plt demo")
plt.plot(x,y)
# plt.savefig("./figure/demo.png")
plt.show()

#调整刻度
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(15,8),dpi=80)
x=[i for i in range(10)]
y=[j for j in range(10)]
plt.title("plt demo")
plt.xticks(x)
plt.yticks(range(min(y),max(y)+1))
plt.plot(x,y)
# plt.savefig("./figure/demo.png")
plt.show()

#温度练习
import random
time=[i for i in range(1,121,1)]
T=[random.randint(30,40) for i in range(120)]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,7),dpi=80)
plt.title("T of 120 minutes")
plt.xticks(range(1,121,10),rotation=30) #刻度旋转
plt.yticks(range(min(T),max(T)+1))
plt.plot(time,T)
plt.show()

import random
import matplotlib
from matplotlib import font_manager
my_font=font_manager.FontProperties(fname="C:\Windows\Fonts\HIMALAYA.TTF")
time=[i for i in range(1,121,1)]
T=[random.randint(30,40) for i in range(120)]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,7),dpi=80)
plt.title("T of 120 分钟")
_xtick_labels=["10点{}分".format(i) for i in range(60)]
_xtick_labels+=["11点{}分".format(i) for i in range(60)]
plt.xticks(list(time)[::3],_xtick_labels[::3],rotation=30,fontproperties=my_font) #刻度旋转
plt.xlabel("Time")
plt.ylabel("温度的变化走势")
plt.grid(alpha=0.4)
plt.plot(time,T)
plt.show()

y1=[1,0,1,1,2,4,3,2,3,4,4,5,6,5,4,3,3,1,1,1]
y2=[1,0,3,1,2,2,2,3,3,2,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
x=[i for i in range(11,31)]
plt.figure(figsize=(15,7),dpi=70)
_xticks=['{}岁'.format(i) for i in x]
plt.xticks(x,_xticks)
plt.plot(x,y1,label='用户 1')
plt.plot(x,y2,label='用户 2')

plt.grid(alpha=0.4)
plt.legend(loc="upper left")  #添加图例
plt.show()

y1=[1,0,1,1,2,4,3,2,3,4,4,5,6,5,4,3,3,1,1,1]
y2=[1,0,3,1,2,2,2,3,3,2,1,2,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1]
x=[i for i in range(11,31)]
plt.figure(figsize=(15,7),dpi=70)
_xticks=['{}岁'.format(i) for i in x]
plt.xticks(x,_xticks)
plt.plot(x,y1,label='用户 1',ls='-.',lw=4)
plt.plot(x,y2,label='用户 2',c='m',linestyle=':')

plt.grid(alpha=0.4,ls=':')
plt.legend(loc="upper left")  #添加图例
plt.show()

plt还可以为图形添加水印，图片背景

其他常用的图直接可以去官方网站找，然后套用即可

散点图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
y_3 = [11,17,16,11,12,11,12,6,6,7,8,9,12,15,14,17,18,21,16,17,20,14,15,15,15,19,21,22,22,22,23]
y_10 = [26,26,28,19,21,17,16,19,18,20,20,19,22,23,17,20,21,20,22,15,11,15,5,13,17,10,11,13,12,13,6]
x1=range(1,32)
x2=range(41,72)
plt.figure(figsize=(18,5),dpi=80)
_x=list(x1)+list(x2)
_xtick1=['3月{}日'.format(i) for  i in x1]
_xtick1+=['10月{}日'.format(i-40) for i in x2]
plt.xticks(_x[::3],_xtick1[::3],rotation=45)
plt.xlabel("时间")
plt.ylabel("温度")
plt.title("温度随时间的变化")
plt.scatter(x1,y_3,label='三月份')
plt.scatter(x2,y_10,label='十月份')
plt.grid(alpha=0.5)
plt.legend(loc='upper left')
plt.show()

散点图和折线图基本都一样

条形图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
a= ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,15),dpi=80)
plt.xlabel("电影名称")
plt.ylabel("总票房（亿）")
plt.title("电影票房统计")
plt.bar(range(len(a)),b,width=0.4)
plt.xticks(range(len(a)),a,rotation=80)
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
a= ["战狼2","速度与激情8","功夫瑜伽","西游伏妖篇","变形金刚5：最后的骑士","摔跤吧！爸爸","加勒比海盗5：死无对证","金刚：骷髅岛","极限特工：终极回归","生化危机6：终章","乘风破浪","神偷奶爸3","智取威虎山","大闹天竺","金刚狼3：殊死一战","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","悟空传","银河护卫队2","情圣","新木乃伊",]
b=[56.01,26.94,17.53,16.49,15.45,12.96,11.8,11.61,11.28,11.12,10.49,10.3,8.75,7.55,7.32,6.99,6.88,6.86,6.58,6.23]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
plt.xlabel("电影名称")
plt.ylabel("总票房（亿）")
plt.title("电影票房统计")
plt.barh(range(len(a)),b,height=0.4,color='orange')
plt.grid(alpha=0.5)
plt.yticks(range(len(a)),a)
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
a = ["猩球崛起3：终极之战","敦刻尔克","蜘蛛侠：英雄归来","战狼2"]
b_16 = [15746,312,4497,319]
b_15 = [12357,156,2045,168]
b_14 = [2358,399,2358,362]
x_14=list(range(len(a)))
x_15=[i+0.2 for i in x_14]
x_16=[i+0.2 for i in x_15]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
plt.bar(x_14,b_14,width=0.2,label='14日')
plt.bar(x_15,b_15,width=0.2,label='15日')
plt.bar(x_16,b_16,width=0.2,label='16日')
plt.xticks(x_15,a)
plt.legend(loc="upper right")
plt.xlabel("电影名称")
plt.ylabel("电影票房")

plt.show()

直方图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
a=[131,  98, 125, 131, 124, 139, 131, 117, 128, 108, 135, 138, 131, 102, 107, 114, 119, 128, 121, 142, 127, 130, 124, 101, 110, 116, 117, 110, 128, 128, 115,  99, 136, 126, 134,  95, 138, 117, 111,78, 132, 124, 113, 150, 110, 117,  86,  95, 144, 105, 126, 130,126, 130, 126, 116, 123, 106, 112, 138, 123,  86, 101,  99, 136,123, 117, 119, 105, 137, 123, 128, 125, 104, 109, 134, 125, 127,105, 120, 107, 129, 116, 108, 132, 103, 136, 118, 102, 120, 114,105, 115, 132, 145, 119, 121, 112, 139, 125, 138, 109, 132, 134,156, 106, 117, 127, 144, 139, 139, 119, 140,  83, 110, 102,123,107, 143, 115, 136, 118, 139, 123, 112, 118, 125, 109, 119, 133,112, 114, 122, 109, 106, 123, 116, 131, 127, 115, 118, 112, 135,115, 146, 137, 116, 103, 144,  83, 123, 111, 110, 111, 100, 154,136, 100, 118, 119, 133, 134, 106, 129, 126, 110, 111, 109, 141,120, 117, 106, 149, 122, 122, 110, 118, 127, 121, 114, 125, 126,114, 140, 103, 130, 141, 117, 106, 114, 121, 114, 133, 137,  92,121, 112, 146,  97, 137, 105,  98, 117, 112,  81,  97, 139, 113,134, 106, 144, 110, 137, 137, 111, 104, 117, 100, 111, 101, 110,105, 129, 137, 112, 120, 113, 133, 112,  83,  94, 146, 133, 101,131, 116, 111,  84, 137, 115, 122, 106, 144, 109, 123, 116, 111,111, 133, 150]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
d=5
num_bins=(max(a)-min(a))//d+1

plt.hist(a,num_bins,color='orange')
plt.xticks(range(min(a),max(a)+d,d))
plt.grid(alpha=0.5)
plt.show()

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import font_manager
interval = [0,5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,60,90]
width = [5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,15,30,60]
quantity = [836,2737,3723,3926,3596,1438,3273,642,824,613,215,47]
plt.figure(figsize=(20,8),dpi=80)
plt.bar(range(len(quantity)),quantity,width=width)
plt.show()

一些前端画图框架

Echarts

plotly https://plot.ly/python/

seaborn (无交互效果）