【OpenCV】-02、修改像素值

【OpenCV】修改像素值

图像操作
读写图像
读写像素
修改像素值

imread 可以指定加载为灰度或者RGB图像
Imwrite 保存图像文件，类型由扩展名决定

读一个GRAY像素点的像素值（CV_8UC1）

Scalar intensity = img.at<uchar>(y, x); 

或者

Scalar intensity = img.at<uchar>(Point(x, y));

读一个RGB像素点的像素值

Vec3f intensity = img.at<Vec3f>(y, x); 
float blue = intensity.val[0]; 
float green = intensity.val[1]; 
float red = intensity.val[2];

修改像素值
灰度图像

img.at<uchar>(y, x) = 128;

RGB三通道图像

img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[0]=128; // blue
img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[1]=128; // green
img.at<Vec3b>(y,x)[2]=128; // red

空白图像赋值

img = Scalar(0);

ROI选择

Rect r(10, 10, 100, 100); 
Mat smallImg = img(r);

Vec3b与Vec3F

Vec3b对应三通道的顺序是blue、green、red的uchar类型数据。
Vec3f对应三通道的float类型数据
把CV_8UC1转换到CV32F1实现如下：

src.convertTo(dst, CV_32F);

代码实现

#include<opencv2/opencv.hpp>
#include<iostream>
#include<math.h>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int main(int argc, char**argv)
{
	Mat src;
	src = imread("3.jpg");
	if (src.empty())
	{
		printf("cannot load the image...\n");
		return -1;
	}
	namedWindow("input", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("input", src);


	Mat gray_src;
	cvtColor(src, gray_src, CV_BGR2GRAY);
	namedWindow("gray_src", CV_WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
	imshow("gray_src", gray_src);
	imwrite("gray_src.jpg", gray_src);
/*
	int height = src.rows;
	int width = src.cols;
	for (int row = 0; row < height ; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
			int gray = gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col);
			gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col) = 255 - gray;
		}
	}
	imshow("gray_inverse", gray_src);
*/


	Mat dst;
	Mat dst1;
	Mat dst2;
	dst.create(src.size(), src.type());
	dst1.create(src.size(), src.type());
	dst2.create(src.size(), src.type());
	int height = src.rows;
	int width = src.cols;
	int channel = src.channels();

	for (int row = 0; row < height; row++) {
		for (int col = 0; col < width; col++) {
			if (channel == 1) {
				int gray = gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col);
				gray_src.at<uchar>(row, col) = 255 - gray;
			}
			else if (channel == 3) {
				int b = src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0];//读取b通道值
				int g = src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1];
				int r = src.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2];
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 255 - b; //修改b通道值
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[1] = 255 - g;
				dst.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[2] = 255 - r;


				dst1.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = b;
				dst1.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = 0;
				dst1.at<Vec3b>(row, col)[0] = r;
			}
		}
	}
	
	imshow("color_inverse", dst);
	imwrite("color_inverse.jpg", dst);

	imshow("when g=0", dst1);
	imwrite("when g=0.jpg", dst1);

	bitwise_not(src, dst2);//反转三通道颜色的函数
	imshow("bitwise_not", dst2);
	imwrite("bitwise_not.jpg", dst2);

	waitKey(0);
	return 0;
}

实验效果图
1.原图像

2.灰度化（cvtColor）

3.代码中dst

4.bitwise_not函数获取

5.when g通道=0