PAT_A1073 / PAT_B1024 | Scientific Notation

1073 Scientific Notation (20point(s))

Scientific notation is the way that scientists easily handle very large numbers or very small numbers. The notation matches the regular expression [+-][1-9].[0-9]+E[+-][0-9]+ which means that the integer portion has exactly one digit, there is at least one digit in the fractional portion, and the number and its exponent's signs are always provided even when they are positive.

Now given a real number A in scientific notation, you are supposed to print A in the conventional notation while keeping all the significant figures.

Input Specification:

Each input contains one test case. For each case, there is one line containing the real number A in scientific notation. The number is no more than 9999 bytes in length and the exponent's absolute value is no more than 9999.

Output Specification:

For each test case, print in one line the input number A in the conventional notation, with all the significant figures kept, including trailing zeros.

Sample Input 1:

+1.23400E-03

Sample Output 1:

0.00123400

 

Sample Input 2:

-1.2E+10

 

Sample Output 2:

-12000000000

 

一、对于输入的处理：

符号op1、整数部分（一位数）integer、字符串str 三部分

 

二、处理字符串str：

1. 找到E的下标位置len，E之前都是小数部分，所以len也表示小数部分的数的个数。
2. 存下指数符号op2（E的后一位）
3. 处理并存下指数exponent（op2后一直到最终）

 

三、核心的计算部分处理：

先输出答案的符号（-直接输出，+则不输出）

 

🔺 op2为正号

     🌂指数大于等于小数位数

•          输出 integer 和所有小数部分
•          在末尾补上剩余的0

     🌂指数小于小数位数

•          输出integer和部分小数部分
•          输出小数点
•          输出剩余小数部分

🔺 op2为负号

•         输出 0 和小数点
•         输出 exponent - 1 个0
•         输出 integer 和所有小数部分

 

完整代码：

//
// Created by LittleCat on 2020/2/9.
//

#include <cstdio>

#define N 10000

/* 将对应字符串转化为数字 */
int getNumber(char s[], int start) {
    int n = 0;
    for (int i = start; s[i] != '\0'; i++) {
        n = n * 10;
        n += s[i] - '0';
    }
    return n;
}

int main() {
    int integer;
    char str[N];
    char op1;

    scanf("%c%d.%s", &op1, &integer, str);

    if (op1 == '-')
        printf("%c", op1);  //先输出正负


    int len = 0;
    while (str[++len] != 'E');// 找到E对应的下标,即小数位数
    char op2 = str[len + 1];   //指数的符号
    int exponent = getNumber(str, len + 2);  //获取指数
    str[len] = '\0';   //将字符串在E处截止，即字符串全在存小数部分

    if (op2 == '+') {
        /* 输出原先的整数部分 */
        printf("%d", integer);

        /* 指数比小数位数多 */
        if (exponent >= len) {
            printf("%s", str);  //输出原先所有小数部分
            for (int i = len; i < exponent; i++)
                printf("0");  //后面补零
        } else { // 指数比小数位数少
            for (int i = 0; i < exponent; i++)
                printf("%d", str[i] - '0');  //输出小数点前的部分
            printf(".");  //输出小数点
            for (int i = exponent; i < len; i++)
                printf("%d", str[i] - '0');  //输出小数点后的部分
        }
    } else {
        printf("0.");
        for (int i = 1; i < exponent; i++)  //输出exponent - 1个0
            printf("0");
        printf("%d%s", integer, str);
    }
}

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end 

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