SpringCloudAlibaba完整章节五（创建服务消费者{Feign}）

概述

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• Feign 采用的是基于接口的注解
• Feign 整合了 ribbon

POM

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创建一个工程名为spring-cloud-alibaba-nacos-consumer-feign 的服务消费者项目，
pom.xml 配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>com.wsl</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
        <version>1.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <relativePath>../spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies/pom.xml</relativePath>
    </parent>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-consumer-feign</artifactId>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-cloud-alibaba-consumer-feign</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Cloud Alibaba</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- sentinel持久化 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.csp</groupId>
            <artifactId>sentinel-datasource-nacos</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Spring Boot Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Boot End -->

        <!-- Spring Cloud Begin -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-sentinel</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Cloud End -->
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <mainClass>com.wsl.consumer.ConsumerFeignApplication</mainClass>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

主要增加了 org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-starter-openfeign 依赖

Application

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通过 @EnableFeignClients 注解开启 Feign 功能

package com.lb.nacosconsumerfeign;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
public class NacosConsumerFeignApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(NacosConsumerFeignApplication.class, args);
    }

}

创建 Feign 接口

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通过 @FeignClient("服务名") 注解来指定调用哪个服务。代码如下：

package com.lb.nacosconsumerfeign.service;

import com.lb.nacosconsumerfeign.service.fallback.FallbackServiceImpl;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

/**
 * @program: springcloud-alibaba
 * @description: FeignService的接口
 * @author: lb
 * @create: 2021-07-03 11:43
 **/
@FeignClient(value = "nacos-provider")
public interface FeignService {

    @GetMapping("/test/{message}")
    String test(@PathVariable("message") String message);
}

Controller

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package com.lb.nacosconsumerfeign.controller;

import com.lb.nacosconsumerfeign.service.FeignService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

/**
 * @program: springcloud-alibaba
 * @description: Nacos-feign的控制器
 * @author: lb
 * @create: 2021-07-03 11:42
 **/
@RestController
public class NacosConsumerFeignController {

    @Autowired
    private FeignService feignService;

    @GetMapping(value = "/test/hi")
    public String test() {
        return feignService.test("Hi Feign");
    }
}

application.yml

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spring:
  application:
    name: nacos-consumer-feign
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
    sentinel:
      transport:
        port: 8720
        dashboard: 127.0.0.1:8080

server:
  port: 9092

feign:
  sentinel:
    enabled: true

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

目录结构：

启动工程

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通过浏览器访问 http://localhost:8848/nacos，即 Nacos Server 网址

你会发现多了一个名为 nacos-consumer-feign 的服务

这时打开 http://localhost:9092/test/hi ，你会在浏览器上看到：

测试负载均衡

• idea启动多个实例

修改spring-cloud-alibaba-nacos-provider项目
然后修改yml文件里的端口号再启动一个就可以了。

• 启动多个 consumer-provider 实例，效果图如下：
  
  在浏览器上多次访问 http://localhost:9092/test/hi，浏览器交替显示：