设计模式——组合模式
组合模式,将对象组合成树形结构以表示“部分-整体”的层次结构。组合模式使得用户对单个对象和组合对象的使用具体一致性
//Component为组合中的对象声明接口,在适当情况下,实现所有类共有接口的默认行为。声明一个接口用于访问和管理Component的子部件
abstract class Component
{
protected string name;
public Component(string name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public abstract void Add(Component c);//通常都用Add和Remove方法来提供增加或移除树叶或树枝的功能
public abstract void Remove(Component c);
public abstract void Display(int depth);
}
//Leaf在组合中表示叶节点对象,叶节点没有子节点
class Leaf : Component
{
public Leaf(string name) : base(name)
{
}
public override void Add(Component c) //由于叶子没有增加分枝和树叶,所有Add和Remove方法
{ //实现它没有意义,但这样做可以消除叶节点和枝节点对象在抽象层次的区别,它们具备完全一致的接口
Console.WriteLine("Connot add to a leaf");
}
public override void Remove(Component c)
{
Console.WriteLine("Connot Remove from a leaf");
}
public override void Display(int depth)//叶节点的具体方法,此次是显示其名称和级别
{
Console.WriteLine(new String('-',depth)+name);
}
}
//Composite 定义有枝节点行为,用来存储子部件,在Component接口中实现与子部件有关的操作,比如增加Add和删除Remove
class Composite : Component
{
private List<Component> children = new List<Component>();
public Composite(string name) : base(name)
{
}
public override void Add(Component c)
{
children.Add(c);
}
public override void Remove(Component c)
{
children.Remove(c);
}
public override void Display(int depth)//显示其枝节点名称,并对其下级进行遍历
{
Console.WriteLine(new String('-', depth) + name);
foreach (Component component in children)
{
component.Display(depth+2);
}
}
}
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Composite root = new Composite("root");//生成树根root,根据长出两叶LeafA和LeafB
root.Add(new Leaf("Leaf A"));
root.Add(new Leaf("Leaf B"));
Composite comp = new Composite("Composite X");//根上长出分枝Composite X,分枝上也有两叶Leaf XA和Leaf XB
comp.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XA"));
comp.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XB"));
root.Add(comp);
Composite comp2 = new Composite("Composite XY");//在Composite X上再长出分枝 Composite XY分枝上也有两叶Leaf XYA和Leaf XYB
comp2.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XYA"));
comp2.Add(new Leaf("Leaf XYB"));
comp.Add(comp2);
root.Add(new Leaf("Leaf C"));
Leaf leaf = new Leaf("Leaf D");//根部又长出两叶 Leaf C和Leaf D,可惜没长牢,被风吹走了
root.Add(leaf);
root.Remove(leaf);
}