Java多线程学习笔记（自用）

Java多线程

Thread类中的主要方法

1. start()：开启线程
2. run()：继承重写run()
3. currentThread()：返回当前线程
4. getName()：返回线程名
5. setName()：设置线程名
6. yield()：释放cpu执行权
7. b.join()：a线程阻塞并等待b线程执行完成
8. stop()：已过时，强制结束线程
9. sleep()：睡眠ms
10. isAlive()：是否存活

创建方式，jdk5.0前两种，jdk5.0后两种

1. 继承Thread类
2. 实现Runnable接口
3. 实现Callable接口
4. 线程池

1.继承Thread的方法

/**
 * @author Microdust
 * @create 2020/11/24-19:40
 */
class MyThread extends Thread{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                        ":" + i);
            }
        }
    }
}
public class MyThreadTest1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread t1 = new MyThread();
	t1.setName("thread1");
        t1.start();
    }

}

2.实现Runnable接口的方法

class MyThread2 implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                        ":" + i);
            }
        }
    }
}
public class MyThreadTest2 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread2 m1 = new MyThread2();
        Thread t1 = new Thread(m1);
        t1.setName("thread1");
        t1.start();
    }

}

3.实现Callable接口的方法

class MyThread3 implements Callable {
    @Override
    public Object call() throws Exception {
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                sum += i;
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                        ":" + i);
            }
        }
        return sum;
    }
}
public class MyThreadTest3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        FutureTask futureTask = new FutureTask(new MyThread3());//Runnable
        Thread t1 = new Thread(futureTask);
        t1.setName("thread1");
        t1.start();

        try {
            System.out.println(futureTask.get());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

4.使用线程池创建线程

class MyThread4 implements Runnable{
    @Override
    public void run() {
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
            if (i % 2 != 0) {
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                        ":" + i);
            }
        }
    }
}
class MyThread5 implements Callable{
    @Override
    public Object call() throws Exception {
        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i <= 100; i++) {
            if (i % 2 == 0) {
                sum += i;
                System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +
                        ":" + i);
            }
        }
        return sum;
    }
}
public class MyThreadTest4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ExecutorService service = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
//        ThreadPoolExecutor service1 = (ThreadPoolExecutor)service;
//        service1.setCorePoolSize(10);
//        service1.setKeepAliveTime(...);
        service.execute(new MyThread4());
        Future future = service.submit(new MyThread5());//返回Future类对象
        try {
            System.out.println(future.get());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (ExecutionException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        service.shutdown();
    }


}

线程同步方法：

1. Synchronized （同步代码块，同步方法）同步监视器多个线程共用一个（共享数据时）
2. Lock接口的实现类ReentrantLock对象的方法,lock.lock()、lock.unlock()

线程通信方法：

1. wait() 阻塞
2. notify()/notifyAll() 唤醒