R语言之宽数据转为长数据01

1.先奉上代码和结果

library(tidyverse)
dt = tribble(
  ~observation, ~A_count, ~B_count, ~A_dbh, ~B_dbh,
  "Richmond(Sam)",   7,       2,      100,    110,
  "Windsor(Ash)",   10,       5,      80,      87,
  "Bilpin(Jules)",   5,       8,      95,      90)


tidy_dt = dt %>%
  pivot_longer(-observation,
               names_to = c("speices", ".value"),
               names_sep = "_") %>%
  separate(observation, into = c("site", "surveyor"))

原始数据的样式：

> dt
# A tibble: 3 × 5
  observation   A_count B_count A_dbh B_dbh
  <chr>           <dbl>   <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
1 Richmond(Sam)       7       2   100   110
2 Windsor(Ash)       10       5    80    87
3 Bilpin(Jules)       5       8    95    90

运行结果如下：

> tidy_dt
# A tibble: 6 × 5
  site     surveyor speices count   dbh
  <chr>    <chr>    <chr>   <dbl> <dbl>
1 Richmond Sam      A           7   100
2 Richmond Sam      B           2   110
3 Windsor  Ash      A          10    80
4 Windsor  Ash      B           5    87
5 Bilpin   Jules    A           5    95
6 Bilpin   Jules    B           8    90

2.逐步解释代码

2.1 先构建数据框dt

tidy_dt = dt %>%pivot_longer(-observation,names_to = c("speices", ".value"),names_sep = "_")

运行结果如下：

> dt %>%pivot_longer(-observation,names_to = c("speices", ".value"),names_sep = "_")
# A tibble: 6 × 4
  observation   speices count   dbh
  <chr>         <chr>   <dbl> <dbl>
1 Richmond(Sam) A           7   100
2 Richmond(Sam) B           2   110
3 Windsor(Ash)  A          10    80
4 Windsor(Ash)  B           5    87
5 Bilpin(Jules) A           5    95
6 Bilpin(Jules) B           8    90

其中，在长变宽的时候，必须得去掉observation，拆分"A_count"的时候，需要使用分隔符"_“，“species"和”.value"分别对应的是A和count，另外，”.value"对应的是之前"A_count"所对应的数值，也就是"7"，“10”，"5"等

四级标题

五级标题

六级标题